菲降解菌的分离鉴定及其在污染土壤生物修复中的应用

采用室内培养方法,从吴江市郊长期被多环芳烃污染的土壤中富集到以菲为唯一碳源和能源的菲降解复合微生物菌群,复合菌群在7d内对无机盐液体中菲（含量100mg·L^-1）的降解率达到99%。从复合菌群中分离纯化获得两株菲高效降解菌B1和L2,经过菌体形态特征、生理生化特征和16SrDNA序列分析,鉴定菌株B1为百日咳博行特氏菌（Bordetella petrii）,菌株L2为墨西哥假黄单胞菌（Pseudoxanthomonas mexicana）。这两株菌在菲含量为100mg·L^-1的无机盐培养液中,7d内对菲（含量100mg·L^-1）的降解率大约为80%,9d内的降解率可达到99%。将复合菌群和菲污染土壤混合,在光照培养箱中进行培养修复。结果表明,修复88d后,接种复合菌群的低污染浓度（8.22mg·kg^-1）处理和高污染浓度（39.65mg·kg^-1）处理的菲去除率分别达到95.74%和98.06%。     

细菌生长过程中的病毒消失行为研究

环境中土著微生物存在及微生物的不同生长阶段可能影响病毒去向.本研究选择自然界广泛存在的3株细菌:恶臭假单胞菌(PP)、铜绿假单胞菌(PA)、枯草芽孢杆菌(BS)为微生物代表,以噬菌体φX174为指示病毒,通过30℃ (PP)和35℃(PA和BS)条件下病毒与细菌同步生长的培养实验和4℃条件下病毒与不同生长时段的菌株培养物的静态吸附实验,比较分析了细菌生长发育阶段对病毒消失(包括可逆/不可逆吸附和消亡)的影响.培育实验结果表明,病毒在30℃和35℃培养基中的浓度随着培育时间持续降低;但当培养基中接菌时,病毒浓度从接种至对数期6h间急剧降低,降低幅度超过对照处理,其中在BS处理中降幅最大,其次为PA和PP处理;随着细菌由对数期进入稳定期和衰亡期,病毒浓度先反弹升高,然后后持续降低,反弹最高点病毒浓度在3株菌处理中均高于各自对照处理,反弹持续时间和病毒浓度的反弹提升程度依不同菌株而异.静态实验结果表明,菌株培养物的培育时间从6h延长至18h时,病毒的消失比例逐渐降低,继续延长至24 h时又迅速升高,然后随着培育时间的进一步延长而持续降低.以上结果表明细菌对病毒消失的影响随细菌生长发育阶段和菌种而异,暗示在研究病毒在环境中去向时,必须考虑环境中本土微生物的存在及其组成.     

解磷菌株YR-P31 的分离、鉴定、 生物学特性及其促生作用

从水稻等作物根际土壤中分离到1 株解磷菌。该菌株能够以Ca3(PO4)2 为唯一的磷源良好地生长。经过对其形态特征、生理生化分析，初步鉴定为巨大芽孢杆菌属细菌。该菌株利用无机磷培养基生长的最适温度和pH 值分别为35℃和7.0，其解磷作用是通过溶磷圈及在液体培养基内可溶性磷的增加来证实的。此外该菌株在固体培养基上还能促进大肠杆菌的生长。该菌株具有解磷能力和促生作用，在微生物肥料的进一步开发中具有很大的潜力。     

节杆菌AD26的分离鉴定及其与假单胞菌ADP对阿特拉津的联合降解

用富集培养法,从农药厂的工业废水中分离到高效降解除草剂阿特拉津的AD26菌株,通过16SrRNA基因序列分析,该菌株被鉴定为节杆菌（Arthrobacter sp.）。降解基因的PCR分析表明,AD26含有阿特拉津降解基因trzN和atzBC,它能以阿特拉津为唯一氮源、蔗糖或柠檬酸钠为碳源生长,将阿特拉津降解成氰尿酸,降解速度快但降解不完全。假单胞菌（Pseudomonas sp.）ADP是Wackett实验室分离的阿特拉津降解菌株,含有阿特拉津降解基因atzABCDEF,能以阿特拉津为唯一氮源、柠檬酸钠为碳源（不能以蔗糖为碳源）生长,将阿特拉津降解成NH3和CO2,降解完全但降解速度慢。在阿特拉津浓度为200mg·L^-1的无机盐培养基中进行的AD26和ADP混合培养表明,它们对阿特拉津的降解发生了互补和增强作用,两个菌株能在以阿特拉津为唯一氮源、蔗糖为碳源的培养基中生长,而且生长和降解速率都好于单个菌株,培养72h后阿特拉津去除率达到99.9%,其中76.7%的阿特拉津被降解成NH3和CO2。这表明由节杆菌AD26和假单胞菌ADP组成的混合菌株在阿特拉津废水处理和污染土壤的生物修复中有很好的应用潜力。     

山西矿区复垦土壤中解磷细菌的筛选及鉴定

【目的】矿区复垦土壤贫瘠、 有效磷含量低。解磷细菌能够将有机磷和难溶性无机磷转化为可溶性磷,促进植物对磷素的利用。因此筛选和鉴定具有解磷能力的菌株,可为解决矿区生态恢复使用的微生物肥料提供菌种资源。【方法】采用平板分离法初筛菌株,得到D/d1.5的菌株,然后以磷酸钙为磷源,通过液体发酵试验复筛菌株,挑选出解磷率高于巨大芽孢杆菌(Bacillus megaterium)As1.223的菌株。以磷矿粉和卵磷脂为磷源,液体发酵试验测定菌株的解磷能力及磷酸酶活性。进行菌株的生长试验以测定菌株温度适宜性、 耐盐性及耐酸碱性。通过形态学、 基因序列分析及脂肪酸组成分析综合进行菌株鉴定。 菌落形态观察用营养琼脂平板培养基培养;菌体形态即细胞形态及其大小采用扫描电镜观察;基因序列分析采用16S rDNA序列测定,基因在线比对采用EzTaxon数据库;使用美国MIDI公司的Sherolock全自动细菌鉴定系统对菌株进行脂肪酸组成分析。【结果】利用无机磷和有机磷平板培养基,从山西省矿区复垦区土壤样品中筛选出19株解磷微生物,其中D/d1.5的有7株。在以磷酸钙为磷源的液体培养试验中,4株菌的解磷率高于巨大芽孢杆菌As1.223,解磷率为7.89%～12.61%,最高的为菌株Y14。4株菌对磷矿粉的解磷率为0.81%～1.21%,最高的为菌株Y14。在以卵磷脂为磷源的液体培养试验中,4株菌的解磷率与酸性磷酸酶活性分别为1.79%～3.07%和24.3～28.4U/L,均高于巨大芽孢杆菌As1.223; 碱性磷酸酶活性为11.9～50.2U/L;菌株Y14的解磷率与磷酸酶活性均最高。4株菌均有较强的环境适应能力,以Y14的适应性最强。H22、 Y11和Y34与假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)同源性在99%以上,Y14与泛菌属(Pantoea sp.)有99.79%的同源性; H22、 Y11和Y34的细胞脂肪酸组成特征峰与假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)相一致,Y14与泛菌属(Pantoea sp.)相一致;H22、 Y11和Y34被鉴定为假单胞菌(Pseudomonas sp.),Y14为泛菌属(Pantoea sp.)。【结论】分离、 筛选到4株高效解磷菌,对于磷酸钙和卵磷脂的解磷率均高于巨大芽孢杆菌As1.223。4株菌分别隶属于假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas sp.)和泛菌属(Pantoea sp.)。菌株Y14无机磷与有机磷平板的D/d值分别为3.28与1.59,降解磷酸钙、 磷矿粉、 卵磷脂的解磷率分别为12.61%、 1.21%、 3.07%,酸性与碱性磷酸酶活性分别为28.4 U/L和50.2 U/L,均为4株菌里最高的,且环境适应能力最强,生长温度为20～60℃,能耐受pH 4～11的酸碱梯度和2%～7%的盐分梯度,Y14被鉴定为泛菌属(Pantoea sp.)。4株菌均具有良好的解磷能力及较强的环境适应能力,可望进一步研发成为微生物肥料生产菌种。综合D/d值、 解磷率、 磷酸酶活性和生长试验,本试验最终确定适合山西矿区复垦农田推广的高效解磷菌菌株为Y14。     

蜡状芽孢杆菌HY-1降解甲基对硫磷和毒死蜱的影响因素研究

采用富集驯化培养和紫外分光光度计定量的方法,从农药生产企业的废水处理系统中分离筛选出1株能够降解甲基对硫磷和毒死蜱的蜡状芽孢杆菌（Bacilluscereus）HY-1,并系统研究了影响其降解甲基对硫磷和毒死蜱的主要因素。研究表明,菌株HY-1能够利用甲基对硫磷和毒死蜱为唯一磷源降解农药。HY-1降解甲基对硫磷的适宜条件为：培养温度30～35℃,pH为6～8,甲基对硫磷初始浓度为10～50mg·L^-1,接种量20%（体积比,菌体密度：稀释到菌悬母液（OD600=3.0）的0.8～1倍）,添加葡萄糖不能促进菌株对甲基对硫磷的降解。HY-1降解毒死蜱的适宜条件为：葡萄糖浓度6g·L^-1,培养温度30～35℃,pH为7.0,毒死蜱初始浓度80～200mg·L^-1,接种量20%（体积比,菌体密度：稀释到菌悬母液（OD600=3.0）的0.8～1倍）。结果表明,HY-1菌株降解甲基对硫磷和毒死蜱的适宜条件相类似,只是降解所需的最适葡萄糖浓度和底物浓度不同。     

玉米丛枝菌根真菌根外菌丝表面定殖细菌解磷功能鉴定

【目的】在田间原位条件下研究丛枝菌根(Arbuscular mycorrhizal, AM)真菌根外菌丝表面有无解磷细菌定殖,并对存在的解磷细菌的种类进行鉴定,对其活化有机磷的能力进行检测,从而为更好地认识菌丝际土壤有机磷的周转和磷的生物地球化学循环过程提供依据。【方法】利用河北省曲周县中国农业大学实验站的玉米长期定位试验,采用田间埋膜方式从玉米根系周围收集AM真菌的根外菌丝,用蒙金娜有机磷固体培养基筛选菌丝表面具有矿化植酸钙能力的细菌,对筛选出的细菌进行分离、 培养,然后提取细菌DNA,通过16S rDNA测序分析来确定解磷细菌的种类。分离鉴定的菌株先用蒙金娜有机磷固体培养基通过测定菌落直径(d)及溶磷圈直径(D)初步鉴定其活化植酸钙的能力,再用无菌的蒙金娜有机磷液体培养基确定每株解磷细菌矿化植酸磷的能力,并对溶液的pH进行测定,每个菌株重复3次。最后采用两室隔网根盒将分离纯化的解磷细菌回接至AM真菌根外菌丝,鉴定回接成功率,确定分离出的解磷细菌能否成功定殖于菌丝表面。【结果】从AM真菌根外菌丝表面分离得到了29株具有活化有机磷能力的细菌,分属于芽胞杆菌、 假单胞菌、 沙雷氏菌、 葡萄球菌和肠杆菌5个不同的属。通过有机磷液体培养进一步检测这些菌株活化植酸磷的能力,发现它们对植酸磷的矿化率为1.9%~21.9%。其中假单胞菌属细菌的解磷能力相对较强,对植酸磷的矿化率达14%以上,液体培养基的pH值下降2~4个单位。将分离纯化的细菌回接至两室隔网根盒的菌丝室,培养30 d后,从菌丝表面再次检测到除假单胞菌属外的芽胞杆菌属(Bacillus)、 沙雷氏菌属(Serratia)、 葡萄球菌属(Staphylococcus)和肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)细菌,另外还检测到贪铜菌属(Cupriavidus)细菌。【结论】在田间原位条件下,与玉米共生的AM真菌的根外菌丝表面有多种解磷细菌定殖,它们活化有机磷能力存在差异,其中以假单胞菌属细菌的解磷能力相对较强。     

高效聚磷菌株GM1的分离和聚磷特性研究

采用纯培养结合蓝白斑筛选法从土壤中筛选到一株高效聚磷菌,初步鉴定为费氏柠檬酸杆菌属(Citrobacterfreundii),命名为GM1。GM1在LB、YG和MOPS培养基上均可正常生长,其生长pH在5·5至8·5之间,最适生长pH为7·5。该菌在不同的培养基上最适生长温度不同,在LB培养基上为37℃,YG和MOPS-葡萄糖培养基上为30℃。在好氧条件下MOPS培养基培养24h后,GM1菌体含磷量为11·5%;上清液磷浓度由43·8mgL-1下降为14·7mgL-1,磷去除率达69%,poly-P染色显示菌体中有异染粒。GM1具有较强的聚磷能力。     

一株聚磷菌GP44 的筛选、鉴定及其聚磷特性研究

采用纯培养结合蓝白斑筛选法从巢湖和南淝河底泥中分离筛选出能聚磷(P)的 11 株解 P 细菌,好氧培养时菌体吸 P 能力测定结果表明,GP44 的菌体含 P 量达到 11.92%,具有较高的聚 P 能力,对其初步鉴定为鉴定菌株 GP44 属肠杆菌科中的克雷伯氏菌属土生克雷伯氏菌(K.terrigena).GP44 在废水合成培养基上最佳聚 P 温度 30℃、初始 pH 为 7.5、最佳装液量为 120 ml/250 ml 和最适 C 源是葡萄糖,Mg2+、K+ 和 Fe3+ 有利于菌株 GP44 的生物除 P.     

两株蜡状芽孢杆菌对毒死蜱的降解动力学研究

利用微生物消除农药污染是一项安全、经济、有效的方法,降解动力学模型的构建有助于理解污染物的生物降解行为和估测系统中特征污染物的浓度变化,菌株对高浓度污染物的降解效果是降解菌在受污染水体中实际应用的关键。本研究采用基础培养基中定量添加毒死蜱和定时取样分析毒死蜱残留浓度的方法,探讨两株蜡状芽孢杆菌(HY-1和HY-2)的接种体培养时间、接种量和降解菌对毒死蜱的降解动力学,同时研究了降解菌对高浓度毒死蜱的降解率。结果表明:HY-1和HY-2最适接种体培养时间分别为10 h和19 h,接种体培养时间对菌株降解毒死蜱的影响较大。两菌株最适接菌量为8%(v/v),接种量从4%增至8%时,接种量对HY-1降解毒死蜱的影响大于HY-2。当毒死蜱的初始浓度为40 mg.L 1、80 mg.L 1、100 mg.L 1和120 mg.L 1时,一级动力学方程ln(C0/Ct)=kt可以用来拟合两菌株对毒死蜱的降解动力学及确定降解动力学参数,当毒死蜱初始浓度再次增加时,仅HY-2对毒死蜱的降解符合一级动力学方程。当毒死蜱初始浓度为40~120 mg.L 1时,菌株HY-1对毒死蜱的降解速率常数分布在0.013 5~0.015 7;当毒死蜱初始浓度为40~200 mg.L 1时,菌株HY-2的降解速率常数分布在0.008 0~0.015 3。菌株HY-2比HY-1可以在较高的毒死蜱浓度下发挥降解作用,且降解率较高。因此,两菌株在毒死蜱污染水体的净化去毒方面具有重要意义。     

Niche partition of phenanthrene-degrading bacteria along a <Emphasis Type="Italic">Phragmites australis</Emphasis> rhizosphere gradient

The rhizosphere is a critical interface for pollutant remediation in soils. Association between biodegradation of organic pollutants and spatial pattern of degraders along the rhizosphere gradient is, however, still unclear. This study investigated the phenanthrene-degrading bacterial consortia in a Phragmites australis rhizosphere using DNA-stable isotope probing (DNA-SIP). The relative abundance of Sphingomonadales in the ¹³C-labeled consortia decreased with the distance from roots, suggesting that its contribution in phenanthrene degradation was decreased with the distance from roots. Conversely, the relative abundance of Rhizobiales, Rhodobacterales, Lactobacillales, and Enterobacteriales in ¹³C-labeled consortia increased with the distance from roots, suggesting that their contributions in phenanthrene degradation were increased with the distance from roots. The linkage numbers of bacterial species in the co-occurrence network increased with the percentages of ¹³C-labeled reads, suggesting the critical role of syntrophic interactions for phenanthrene degraders. These results suggest the niche partition of phenanthrene degraders, which leaded to the non-linear variation of phenanthrene degradation rates along the rhizosphere gradient. These findings will help us to better understand rhizo degradation of organic pollutants and optimize bioremediation technology by achieving a trade-off among different degraders.     

Increased degradation of phenanthrene in soil by Pseudomonas sp. GF3 in the presence of wheat

A phenanthrene-degrading bacterial strain Pseudomonas sp. GF3 was examined for plant-growth promoting effects and phenanthrene removal in soil artificially contaminated with low and high levels of phenanthrene (0, 100 and 200 mg kg⁻¹) in pot experiments. Low and high phenanthrene treatments significantly decreased the growth of wheat. Inoculation with bacterial strain Pseudomonas sp. GF3 was found to increase root and shoot growth of wheat. Strain GF3 was able to degrade phenanthrene effectively in the unplanted and planted soils. Over a period of 80 days the concentration of phenanthrene in soil in which wheat was grown was significantly lower than in unplanted soil (p<0.05). At the end of the 80-d experiments, 62.2% and 42.3% of phenanthrene had disappeared from planted soils without Pseudomonas sp. GF3 when the phenanthrene was added at 100 and 200 mg kg⁻¹ soil, respectively, but 84.8% and 70.2% of phenanthrene had disappeared from planted soils with the bacterial inoculation. The presence of vegetation significantly enhances the dissipation of phenanthrene in the soil. There was no significant difference in soil polyphenol oxidase activities among the applications of 0, 100 and 200 mg kg⁻¹ of phenanthrene. However, the enzyme activities in planted and unplanted soils inoculated with the strain Pseudomonas sp. GF3 were significantly higher than those of non-inoculation controls. The bacterial isolate was also able to colonize and develop in the rhizosphere soil of wheat after inoculation.     

Production of fumonisin B and C analogues by several fusarium species

Six strains of Fusarium verticillioides, two of F. oxysporum, one strain of F. proliferatum, and a strain of an unidentified species were cultured on maize patties and rice and evaluated for their ability to simultaneously produce fumonisin B (FB) and C (FC) series analogues. Fumonisins were quantified by LC-MS-MS using positive ion electrospray ionization. FC1 provided characteristic fragment ions at m/z 690, 672, 654, 532, 514, and 338 corresponding to sequential loss of H2O and tricarboxylic acid moieties from the alkyl backbone, while FC3 and FC4 provided equivalent product ions 16 and 32 amu lower than the corresponding FC1 fragments, respectively. All isolates cultured on maize produced FC4. All isolates except for that of F. proliferatum also produced FC1, and three of the six strains of F. verticillioides produced FC3. All isolates except those of F. oxysporum produced detectable amounts of FB1, FB2, and FB3. Isolates that produced fumonisin B analogues produced at least 10 fold more of the B series analogues than they did of the C series analogues. The results confirm that at least some strains of F. oxysporum produce FC, but not FB, fumonisin analogues and also suggest that the genetics and physiological regulation of fumonisin production may be more complicated than previously envisaged since some strains of F. verticillioides and F. proliferatum as well as the strain of the unidentified species can simultaneously produce both FB and FC analogues.     

食细菌线虫和葡萄糖对恶臭假单胞菌去除菲的影响

Bacterial-feeding nematodes can promote the bacterial activity through feeding.Bacterial abundance and their activity affect the degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) such as phenanthrene.The effects of bacterial-feeding nematodes,bacteria,and their interactions on the degradation of phenanthrene with or without glucose were studied through a microcosm experiment.The results showed that up to 57.0％ of phenanthrene in mineral medium contaminated with phenanthrene was degraded in the control with bacteria alone and bacteria with the presence of nematodes and/or glucose increased the degradation of phenanthrene by 25.6％ to 36.6％.Although both nematode and bacteria abundance decreased gradually,catechol 2,3-dioxygenase (C23O) activity increased during the incubation period.Compared with bacteria alone,the presence of nematodes significantly increased C23O activity as well as the abundance of bacteria;this effect was more pronounced when glucose was present.The results imply that nematodes might promote the removal of phenanthrene from medium by stimulating bacteria and C23O activities.     

Isolation and characterization of bacteria capable of degrading polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and organophosphorus pesticides from PAH-contaminated soil in Hilo, Hawaii

Nineteen bacterial strains were isolated from petroleum-contaminated soil in Hilo, HI, and characterized by two different spray-plated methods, turbidity test in liquid medium, and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. Analysis of the soil showed 13 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in a range from 0.6 to 30 mg/kg of dry weight each and 12 PAH metabolites. Five distinct bacterial strains (C3, C4, P1-1, JS14, and JS19b1) selected from preliminary plating and turbidity tests were further tested for PAH degradation through single PAH degradation assay. Strains C3, C4, and P1-1 degraded phenanthrene (40 mg/L) completely during 7 days of incubation. Strain JS14 degraded fluoranthene (40 mg/L) completely during 10 days of incubation. Strain JS19b1 degraded 100% of phenanthrene (40 mg/L) in 7 days, 77% of fluorene (40 mg/L) in 14 days, 97% of fluoranthene (40 mg/L) in 10 days, and 100% of pyrene (40 mg/L) in 14 days. Turbidity tests showed that strains P1-1, JS14, and JS19b1 utilized several organophosphorus pesticides as growth substrate. P1-1 can degrade carbofenothion, chlorfenvinphos, diazinon, fonofos, and pirimiphos-methyl. JS14 can transform chlorfenvinphos and diazinon. JS19b1 can break down diazinon, pirimiphos-methyl, and temephos.     

六种野草对土壤中菲的降解研究

研究了六种野草对菲污染土壤的修复作用和降解途径。通过60 d的温室盆栽试验,观察到:对菲浓度为100 mg kg-1的污染土壤,六种野草表现出了不同的去除能力:狐尾草>狗尾草>蟋蟀草>稗草>高羊茅>碱蓬。其中种植狐尾草、狗尾草、蟋蟀草的菲污染土壤菲去除率分别达到了:81.53%,78.02%和76.01%,碱蓬仅为42.86%。利用GC-MS联用仪初步研究了菲的降解途径,结果表明:菲主要按照邻苯二甲酸途径进行降解,降解产物主要有:长链正代烷烃、邻苯二甲酸酯类、长链正代醛和长链有机酸。中间产物最终进入TCA循环,降解为二氧化碳和水。     

多环芳烃高效降解菌的筛选

以多环芳烃(PAHs)菲、蒽、芘、■和苯并(a)芘为供试物,对土著混合菌和引进菌同时进行筛选实验。结果表明,引进菌和土著混合菌经过驯化后对菲、蒽、芘、■和苯并(a)芘均具有一定的降解能力。其中,在pH=6时,混合菌U03在48h内对5种PAHs的降解率均相对较高,分别为:72.38%;64.46%;65.77%;66.49%和64.77%,并且其的降解速率在各菌剂中同样最快,通过SPSS数理统计分析软件对数据进行处理后得出,混合菌U03可在较短时间内达到较好的降解目的。室内模拟试验证明混合菌U03具有较强的降解PAHs的能力,混合菌的协同作用有利于污染土壤中PAHs的降解。     

Microtox技术检测多环芳烃生物毒性的研究

利用Microtox技术检测 5种多环芳烃化合物生物毒性结果表明 ,二甲亚砜配制的测试液中萘、菲及荧蒽均对发光细菌具有一定生物毒性 ,且随浓度的增大而增强 ,相同浓度下毒性菲 >萘 ;测试液中当萘浓度小于其溶解度时即产生 10 0 %的抑光率 ,萘EC50 为 4 .32mg/L ,而菲及荧蒽浓度近其溶解度时所产生的最大抑光率分别为 <5 0 %和15 %左右 ;芘及蒽最大浓度时则对发光细菌无生物毒性显示。表明Microtox技术可有效检测低环化合物萘的生物毒性 ,但对高环化合物 (≥ 3环 )的检测因受其低水溶性的限制而灵敏度降低 ,利用二甲亚砜获取多环芳烃污染物提取液的生物毒性主要与低分子化合物萘及菲有关     

石油降解菌的筛选、鉴定及菌群构建

从胜利油田石油污染土壤中富集、分离得到236株能以石油作为唯一碳源和能源的石油降解菌株；采用选择性培养基进行复筛得到直链烷烃降解菌31株、环烷烃降解菌28株、芳烃降解菌3株以及表面活性剂产生菌24株；从3种不同烃类降解菌和表面活性剂产生菌中选择菌株，构建石油降解微生物菌群，结果表明，由菌株SL-51、SL-84、SL-133和SL-163组成的菌群c9降解石油能力最强，菌群C9在含原油浓度为0．5％的无机盐培养液中，5d内原油的降解率达到了55．5％；气相色谱分析结果证明，菌群C9能有效降解原油中的饱和烃和芳烃组分；通过16SrDNA序列分析，初步鉴定SL-51和SL-163属于红球菌属（Rhodococcus spp．），SL-84、SL-133两株菌分别属于苍白杆菌属（Ochrobactrum sp．）、铜绿假单胞菌属（Pseudomonas sp．）。