肉用绵羊胚胎移植技术推广应用效果

文章宗旨是进行进口肉用绵羊胚胎移植,为肉用绵羊生产提供更多的种羊,促进肉用羊产业发展.采用CIDR+FSH方法,对20只萨福克羊进行超数排卵处理,超排有效率100％,平均排卵点12.47个/只,平均采胚10.68枚/只,最高个体采胚数23枚;采用CIDR+PMSG方法,对160只本地绵羊进行同期发情处理,24h内同期发情率为98.10％;胚胎移植后两个情期不返情率(妊娠率)69.03％,实际产羔率66.45％.     

高产奶牛胚胎移植效果初报

我们于2004年11月同陕西省万博通公司联手在我县金山、三官庙等四个乡(镇)实施项目第一批奶牛胚胎移植工作，情况如下：     

不同处理方法对山羊同期发情和胚胎移植效果的影响

采用一次肌注PG法、孕酮栓＋PMSG＋PG法（分为一次埋栓组和二次埋栓组）对波尔山羊与本地山羊的杂交后代进行同期发情处理，0.72小时同期发情率平均为62．37％（58／93）．其中PG组为32．00％（8／25）．一次埋栓组为77．14％（27／35），二次埋栓组为84．85％（28／33），PG组与一次埋栓组和二次埋栓组间差异均极显著（P〈0．01），一次埋栓组与二次埋栓组间差异不显著。处理羊发情时间．PG组主要集中于注射后的24-72小时，一次埋栓组和二次埋栓组均主要集中于撤栓后的0～48小时．对受体羊的妊娠率和分娩率进行统计，各组间差异均不显著。     

牛胚胎移植在山西的研究和应用

胚胎移植作为一项生物技术,它的研究与应用对于发挥优良母畜的潜力,扩大良种畜群,提高生产效率,保存品种资源等方面具有重要的现实意义。在我国,地方黄牛资源十分丰富,高产奶牛数量有限的现状下,发展我国奶牛业,采用胚胎移植技术是一种行之有效的方法。这次实验由山西省冻精中心胚胎移植实验室组织,     

特克塞尔绵羊在山西右玉的胚胎移植效果

选取12只纯种特克塞尔羊作为供体,并采用递减法注射FSH进行超数排卵,发情后采用人工授精方式进行配种,手术法回收胚胎,鉴定后移植.164只右玉绵羊作为受体,采用两次PG注射法进行同期发情.结果表明12只供体获得胚胎共129枚,可用胚胎109枚,每只供体羊获得9.1枚可用胚胎,胚胎合格率为84.50%.134只受体表现发情,发情率为81.70%,其中同期发情的羊108只,同期发情率65.85%.109枚胚胎移入97只受体,其中12只移植双胚.61只受体被确认为妊娠,产下52只羔羊,产羔率为53.60%.12只供体手术后产下17羔羊.     

对黄牛同期发情和胚胎移植效果的观察

同期发情是家畜胚胎移植必须的手段之一,近年来,国内外广泛应用外源性生殖激素来提高母牛的繁殖性能,取得了理想的效果。我们于2001年4—7月进行牛胚胎移植,现将兽用前列腺素对牛同期发情和胚胎移植效果报道如下:     

胚胎移植受体牛同期发情处理效果分析

本文对不同月份，批次的胚胎移植受体牛同期发情处理效果进行了分析，找出发情率，黄体合格率的差异原因，从而克服一些不利因素对受体牛同期发情处理效果的影响。     

进口高产奶牛胚胎移植效果初报

2 0 0 3年 10～ 11月在昭通市进行了奶牛胚胎移植 ,对 114头受体牛进行了同期发情处理 ,发情 99头 ,同期发情率达 86 84 % ,通过直肠把握法检查黄体和卵泡情况后采用非手术法移植受体 81头 ,受体移植利用率为71 0 5 % ,在移植后 3个月进行妊娠检查 ,妊娠率为 5 1 85 %。     

绵羊胚胎移植技术在柴达木地区的应用

2006年在青海省海西州德令哈市洋嘉生态农业开发有限公司进行了绵羊胚胎移植试验,试验中同期发情和超数排卵处理青海高原毛肉兼用半细毛羊共86只,同期发情率达88.37%,其中将超排效果好的11只羊做为胚胎移植受体羊,同时处理供体羊特克赛尔羊7只。试验结果:11只受体羊平均超数排卵点2.8个/只,7只供体羊平均超数排卵11.9枚,取卵9.7枚,卵子受精率17.65%,移植12枚胚胎,其中1只受体羊移植双胚,最后观察到移植的11只受体羊中妊娠5只,产羔5只(移双胚的羊产1只羊羔),移植受胎率达45.45%,羔羊成活率达100%。     

Influence of foetal calf serum supplementation during in vitro embryo culture in Iberian red deer

Nowadays, the use of foetal calf serum (FCS) during in vitro embryo culture is very controversial. Whilst some authors have encouraged its use, others reject it because of its harmful effects. Although in vitro embryo production in red deer is a promising assisted reproductive technique, it is still in its infancy and a great effort is needed to update the protocols used. The aim of this study was to assess whether FCS supplementation in red deer embryo culture medium is necessary to produce blastocyst and, if so, when is the best time to add it in terms of blastocyst production and quality. In vitro blastocysts were cultured with FCS added at 24, 48 or 96 hours post‐insemination (hpi). In addition, a treatment without FCS was used as control. Six hundred and ninety‐four cumulus–oocyte complexes were collected for in vitro fertilization. Cleavage rate was examined at 48 hpi, and blastocyst yield was recorded on days 6, 7 and 8. FCS had no influence on cleavage and blastocyst rate for any of the treatments studied. However, the number of cells was higher (p = .025) in those blastocysts cultured with FCS from 48 hpi compared with FCS‐free culture media (93.88 ± 7.76 vs. 54.11 ± 8.36). In conclusion, the addition of FCS to the embryo culture medium at 48 hpi improves the quality of red deer blastocyst, although it does not affect the percentage of embryos obtained.     

Keratitis in red deer

Twenty-five of 40 red deer (Cervus elaphus) exhibited corneal opacities and ulceration resembling mild bovine infectious keratitis. Attempts to incriminate either a bacterial or viral causal agent were unsuccessful.

Subconjunctival injections of a penicillin/streptomycin mixture were administered in both eyes of affected and in-contact animals. Resolution over an 8 week period was uneventful.     

Effects of embryo transfer in beef cattle on genetic evaluation methodology

Because female cattle may be superovulated and their embryos dispersed to many surrogate dams, both the recording system and the models for genetic evaluation need to be modified. The recording system must keep track of the breed of the surrogate dams as well as their age and registration numbers. The model for evaluation of beef cattle for traits in which maternal effects are important, for example, must distinguish between natural and surrogate dams. The potential for interactions of breed and age of surrogate dam with sex of calf and the possibility that these may differ from age of natural dam x sex of calf interactions needs further study. A discussion of these issues is given. An example is given to illustrate how surrogate dams might be modeled. Assuming that only the breed of surrogate dam is known and that each surrogate dam gives birth to only one progeny, the mixed model equations for genetic evaluations can be simplified. These are illustrated.     

马鹿难产的预防

随着人们生活水平的提高,对鹿产品的需求量增加,国内养鹿场(专业户)增多。由于养殖场饲养密度较大,鹿群活动范围受限,营养配比不当以及疾病等因素,导致难产多发,造成不必要的经济损失。根据笔者近几年诊治天山马鹿难产的实践,要减少或避免难产,应做好以下几方面的工作。