大豆抗旱种质资源筛选及利用

为筛选大豆抗旱种质资源,2016年对246份征集自不同省份的大豆种质资源在年降水量不足40 mm的敦煌市设置田间自然抗旱鉴定试验,利用加权抗旱系数法综合评价大豆种质资源抗旱性。结果显示,干旱胁迫严重影响了大豆的生长发育,显著降低了农艺性状等指标。通过相关性分析,株高、主茎节数、单株荚数、单株粒数、单株粒重、单株生物量等6个性状指标与平均抗旱系数和加权抗旱系数呈极显著正相关。利用加权抗旱系数法综合评价筛选出69份强抗旱大豆种质资源,其中甘肃省的5份材料均属于抗旱类型。     

小麦苗期抗旱类型研究

为探索小麦苗期对水分胁迫的适应性,利用反复干旱法研究了942份小麦材料的苗期抗旱类型。结果表明,小麦苗期抗旱性存在显著差异,3次反复干旱后,小麦品种间成活率变异系数为4.6%～43.51%。根据品种反复干旱后成活率,供试品种对水分胁迫响应划分为抗旱型、耐旱型和敏感型。苗期抗旱性强的小麦品种具有较少种子根、较多次生根和较强分蘖量。小麦苗期抗旱性与后期抗旱性缺乏一致性,与品种的千粒重和冬春性无明显关系。     

应用32P和3H示踪研究不同玉米自交系的抗旱特性

本研究以遮雨塑料棚控制灌水量及室内聚乙二醇 (PEG)模拟土壤干旱胁迫 ,利用示踪技术研究干旱胁迫下不同玉米自交系根系在苗期和生育中期对3 H、3 2 P的吸收特性 ,结果表明 ,在干旱胁迫下 ,玉米在苗期和大喇叭口时期对3 2 P和3 H的吸收均较对照有明显下降 ;抗旱性强的自交系下降幅度小 ,抗旱性弱的自交系下降幅度大。在所测的 1 0项指标中 ,苗期地上部3 H和3 2 P比活度 (PEG处理 )、苗期地上部3 2 P总活度 (盆栽 )、中期地上部3 2 P比活度 (盆栽 )与抗旱系数呈显著相关 ;苗期地上部3 H和3 2 P总活度 (PEG处理 )、中期地上部3 2 P总活度与抗旱系数呈极显著正相关。通过对各指标的敏感指数与抗旱系数的相关分析表明 ,苗期室内PEG模拟干旱条件下植株对3 2 P、3 H的吸收值可作为早期鉴定玉米抗旱性强弱的一个重要指标。     

干旱胁迫对白菜型冬油菜幼苗生理及农艺性状的影响

通过旱棚盆栽试验,以4个抗旱性不同的白菜型冬油菜品种陇油6号、陇油7号、天油2号、天油4号为材料,用人工控制浇水的方法模拟干旱环境,测定干旱胁迫对其生理生化指标、主要农艺性状的影响。结果表明,随着干旱胁迫时间的延长,4个油菜品种的幼苗叶片叶绿素质量浓度呈现先增加后降低的趋势,相对电导率增大,根系的主根长、侧根数、根系干重、根冠比上升,根系活力下降。干旱胁迫后,抗旱性强的冬油菜品种陇油7号主根长,侧根数多,根干重较重,根冠比大,根系活力稳定;弱抗旱冬油菜品种天油2号主根较短,侧根数少,根干重轻,根冠比小,根系活力变化幅度较大;中抗旱冬油菜品种陇油6号、天油4号各指标居于陇油7号和天油2号之间。     

不同玉米自交系的抗旱力与超弱发光关系的研究

本研究利用单光子分析法 ,对不同玉米自交系干种子和萌发种子的超弱发光值进行了测定 ,比较和分析了干旱胁迫 (PEG处理 )和非干旱胁迫 (水处理 )下 ,萌发时期玉米自交系种子的超弱发光规律与抗旱性的关系。结果表明 ,各玉米自交系干种子的超弱发光与其抗旱性相关不大 ;而在干旱胁迫和非干旱胁迫下 ,不同萌发时间的玉米自交系种子的超弱发光值存在明显差异。干旱胁迫使萌发种子的超弱发光值低于正常值 ,而不同基因型的超弱发光曲线在干旱和水处理条件下的拟合程度和发光衰减的起始时间不同 ,即抗旱自交系的曲线拟合程度高 ,发光衰减的起始时间较迟 ;非耐旱性自交系两处理曲线偏差较大 ,发光衰减的起始时间较早。我们认为 ,种子在萌动过程中 ,在干旱胁迫和正常水处理条件下发光曲线的拟合程度和发光衰减的起始时间可以作为鉴定品种抗旱性强弱的指标。     

干旱胁迫对窄叶鲜卑花种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

[目的]研究干旱胁迫对窄叶鲜卑花种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响,为野生种驯化和种群恢复提供参考。[方法]以窄叶鲜卑花种子为实验材料,采用不同浓度聚乙二醇(PEG-6000)模拟干旱胁迫环境,研究干旱协迫强度对窄叶鲜卑花种子的吸胀速率、发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数和种子抗旱萌发指数及幼苗生长情况的影响。[结果]随着干旱胁迫程度的加剧,窄叶鲜卑花种子的吸水过程表现出急速吸水期、缓慢上升期和吸水平稳期3个阶段;其发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数和种子抗旱萌发指数及苗高、根长,苗重与胁迫强度均呈负相关;当PEG浓度达30%时,种子萌发完全被抑制。另一方面,种子群体萌动、萌发和出苗达50%所需时间随胁迫强度的增加而越发延迟,且各阶段对环境临界水势要求不同,出苗阶段最为严格,表明种子出苗过程对环境水分胁迫较为敏感,耐旱能力较弱。[结论]干旱胁迫显著抑制了窄叶鲜卑花种子的萌发和幼苗生长,也说明水分是窄叶鲜卑花种子萌发和幼苗形成的主导因素之一,在较干旱地区种植需要考虑水分的供给。     

不同水分胁迫下转W16小麦回交株系基因表达特性及其抗旱机制

干旱应答元件结合蛋白(DREB)转录因子调控植物抗逆相关功能基因的表达,对提高植物抗逆境胁迫具有重要作用.本研究采用盆栽法在小麦(Tritium aestivum)拔节至抽穗期进行不同水分胁迫条件下,分析了野生型和转基因小麦回交株系转录因子基因W16的表达特点,并对其抗旱性的生理生化指标进行了测定.半定量RT-PCR结果表明:野生型在无干旱胁迫时,W16有微弱表达,随胁迫增强,表达上调,当表达量达到峰值后(12 h),随胁迫的加剧,表达量迅速下降,呈现“上升-峰值-下降”特点,而整个干旱胁迫过程中转基因植株W16在Ubiquitin启动子作用下表达恒定且表达水平较高;抗旱性生理生化机制分析表明:不同水分胁迫条件下,转基因株系的叶绿素含量、脯氨酸含量、可溶性蛋白含量、水分利用效率的变化均高于受体对照,尤其在重度干旱(SD)胁迫下的差异更显著.产量结果显示,在各水分条件下转基因株系产量都高于受体对照,其抗旱指数属于较强抗旱等级.研究结果说明了转基因小麦回交株系中W16的超表达,改良了转基因小麦抗旱性的生理生化特性,提高了转基因小麦的抗旱性能.为抗旱转基因小麦品种选育提供理论和方法参考.     

普通菜豆种质资源苗期抗旱性综合评价

我国普通菜豆的主产区主要分布在干旱、半干旱地区。干旱是影响其生长的主要因素之一。为了筛选抗旱种质资源以及建立抗旱性评价方法,以50份来源不同的普通菜豆品种为材料,采用盆栽法,设正常供水和干旱胁迫2种处理,在干旱胁迫12 d和复水3 d后分别取样测定各项形态和生理指标;采用干旱胁迫和复水后两者的抗旱度量值(D值)、聚类分析和逐步回归方程以及通径分析相结合的方法,对普通菜豆进行苗期的抗旱鉴定及抗旱指标的筛选。结果表明,干旱12 d后超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性、过氧化物酶(POD)活性,复水3 d后相对叶绿素含量、相对含水量与各自D值显著相关,两处理的丙二醛(MDA)含量与各自D值极显著相关。根据各自D值进行聚类分析,将50份供试材料进行抗旱级别分类,两处理分类结果的一致率达到40%,邻级率为60%,未出现跨级材料;综合两处理的分类结果进一步细分,可分为高抗、中高抗、中抗、中低抗和低抗5个抗旱级别,其中高抗材料10份、中高抗材料25份、中抗材料7份、中低抗材料6份、低抗材料2份。综上所述,普通菜豆苗期干旱胁迫和复水后的D值相互判定的方法可提高鉴定结果的可靠性;干旱胁迫下的SOD活性、POD活性、MDA含量和复水后的相对叶绿素含量、相对含水量、MDA含量可作为普通菜豆苗期抗旱性鉴定的指标,尤其是两者的MDA含量可直接用于普通菜豆资源的抗旱性鉴定。本研究为简化鉴定筛选工作提供了方法和理论依据。     

高粱抗旱研究综述

从抗旱性鉴定、抗旱机理和抗旱分子水平3个方面,综述了高粱抗旱种质筛选、干旱胁迫下高粱形态和生理响应和抗旱分子水平研究,并对高粱抗旱育种进行了展望。     

六倍体小黑麦萌发期抗旱性分析

利用20%PEG-6000(-0.975 MPa)为渗透介质室内模拟干旱,分析六倍体小黑麦萌发期发芽率、发芽势、胚芽鞘长、根长、根数的变化,采用模糊隶属函数与抗旱系数相结合的方法对品种萌发期的抗旱性进行综合分析,并利用灰色关联分析法分析各个形态指标与抗旱性的关系,结果表明:干旱胁迫下,小黑麦各品种的发芽率、发芽势、胚芽鞘长、根长都比对照不同程度地降低或缩短,不同品种之间的差异达显著或极显著水平,但根数却增减不一,表明根数对水分胁迫的反应方向不一致;品种"Tornado"(S9)萌发期综合抗旱性强,为小麦抗旱育种提供了种质资源;发芽率与六倍体小黑麦萌发期抗旱性的关联度最大,可作为形态指标加以利用。     

Genetic relationship among selected heat and drought tolerant bread wheat genotypes using SSR markers,agronomic traits and grain protein content

ABSTRACT

Assessing the genetic variation and relationships present in crop germplasm is a pre-requisite for parental selection and breeding. The objective of this study was to determine the genetic relationships present among selected heat and drought tolerant wheat genotypes using simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, agronomic traits and grain quality parameters to select desirable parents for breeding. Twenty-four agronomically selected wheat genotypes sourced from the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT)’s heat and drought tolerance nursery and four local check varieties were genotyped using 12 selected polymorphic SSR markers. The test genotypes were phenotyped using yield and yield-component traits, and grain protein content (GPC) under non-stressed (NS) and drought-stressed (DS) conditions. Expected heterozygosity mean value of 0.58 indicated moderate genetic diversity for breeding. The studied wheat genotypes were delineated into six genetic groups using cluster analysis. Significant genotypic differences were observed for agronomic traits and GPC under NS and DS conditions. Genetically unrelated breeding parents including LM02, LM13, LM23, LM41, LM44, LM71, LM73 and LM75 were selected for population development and breeding for enhanced grain yield and protein content under heat and drought-stressed environments.     

转OsbHLH1和Bar基因水稻及相关特性分析

OsbHLH1基因编码bHLH(basic helix-loop-helix,碱性螺旋-环-螺旋)类转录因子,与水稻耐低温相关。草铵膦是一种高效低毒灭生性除草剂,Bar基因表达产物能解除草铵膦的毒性。本实验对通过农杆菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)浸染法获得的以粳型水稻(Oryza sativaL.subsp.japonica Kato)恢复系淮C17为受体的转OsbHLH1和Bar基因水稻进行研究,鉴定其除草剂抗性和耐低温能力,考查其农艺性状。草铵膦筛选发现Bar基因正常表达;对草铵膦筛选获得的转基因植株进行PCR、Southern、RT-PCR和实时荧光定量PCR检测,发现OsbHLH1基因已经整合到水稻基因组中并且在水稻中表达。转基因T3代株系芽期(萌发芽长0.5mm)在2℃条件下处理6d,第6号转基因株系死苗率为17.8%,对照死苗率为61.1%。T3代苗期(一叶一心)在8～10℃下处理7d,第5、6、9、11号株系的根长显著长于对照,第3、5、11号株系的根数显著多于对照,第3号株系的平均鲜重显著重于对照。芽期、苗期耐冷性试验表明,OsbHLH1基因在水稻中过量表达显著提高了水稻芽期、苗期的耐低温能力。对转基因T2代的农艺性状进行考查,株高、千粒重、结实率、理论产量等农艺性状与对照相比较均出现了显著的变化,外源基因的导入对水稻的农艺性状有明显影响。研究结果将为选育抗除草剂、耐低温杂交粳稻新组合提供新种质。     

Hydroponic experiment for identification of tolerance traits developed by rice Nagina 22 mutants to low-phosphorus in field condition

Development of phosphate (P)-deficiency tolerant rice cultivars is constrained by lack of suitable, reproducible, and consistent seedling stage screening methods in breeding programs. This study reports the screening and characterization of M5 mutants derived from an ethyl methane sulfonate treated population of rice cv. Nagina 22 (N22) in low-P field (soil Olsen P 1.94–2.01 mg kg^?1; alkaline Vertisol; pH 7.94) for high yield. The present study showed that seedling growth responses such as increase in root weight, root length, root/shoot weight, and dry weight in P-deficient medium can be taken as indices of low-P tolerance in mature plants in field. Total phosphorus content in seedlings showed an inverse relationship with total phosphorus content and low-P tolerance in mature plants in the field. But, phosphorus content in seeds and acid phosphatase activity in the seedling stage were positively correlated with survival and seed set in low-P field. In low-P field, plant height correlated most with yield per plant, and the number of productive tillers in mature plants was highly correlated with tiller number at vegetative stage. These mutants (NH776, NH710, and NH719) have agronomic importance because of their ability to grow and give higher yield than N22 in P-deficient field.     

Variation in shoot and root characteristics and their association with drought tolerance in lentil landraces

Lentil (Lens culinaris Medikus subsp. culinaris), generally grown as a rainfed crop, is often subjected to drought. Drought tolerance is closely related to the distribution of root systems in the soil. We studied seedling shoot and root characters in a set of eight randomly selected lentil genotypes collected from Ethiopia, India, Iran, Syria and ICARDA. Each group of genotypes represents a specific adaptation to the environmental conditions associated with its area of origin. The genotypes were evaluated during two seasons (1997 –1999) under field conditions. Thirty-five-day-old seedlings grown in pots in the open air were assessed for stem length, stem weight, taproot length, lateral root number, total root length and total root weight. Combined analyses over 2 years showed that these characters exhibited significant genotypic variability. Stem length, taproot length and lateral root number were highly correlated, both amongst themselves and with yield. High heritability estimates provided reliability in screening based on these traits. Regression analysis showed that stem length alone accounted for 85% of the variance that occurred in seed yield per plant. Cluster analysis showed that the landraces that originated in Iran and Syria, and the breeding lines developed at ICARDA are distinctly different from the lentil accessions that originated in countries at more southerly latitudes (India and Ethiopia). However, of the total of 40 genotypes, only one line (ILL 6002) was strikingly different from all other test genotypes. This line exhibited significantly superior root and shoot traits and yield, and, therefore, is a valuable germplasm for breeding drought tolerant cultivars.     

干旱胁迫下外源硒对小麦幼苗抗旱性的影响

通过对小麦幼苗进行叶面喷施亚硒酸钠,研究不同浓度外源硒对模拟干旱胁迫(PEG-6000)下小麦幼苗形态和生理特性的影响,为探究外源硒对小麦幼苗抗旱性的影响提供理论依据。试验以舜麦1718、晋太102、京冬17、S1204(品系)4个小麦品种(系)为材料,设置4个供硒水平,包括蒸馏水对照(CK)、20(Se20)、40(Se40)、60 mg/L(Se60)Na2SeO3处理。待小麦幼苗第二片真叶展开时,对其进行叶面喷硒后继续培养2 d。随后进行20%PEG-6000模拟干旱处理,继续培养7d后测定其形态指标和生理指标。结果表明:外源硒处理可以显著提高不同品种(系)小麦幼苗的株高、根长、根数、鲜重、干重(P0.05);外源硒处理可以降低小麦幼苗超氧阴离子(2O?-)和丙二醛(MDA)的含量。随外源硒浓度的提高,除晋太102的MDA含量外,其余品种(系)小麦幼苗的2O?-和MDA含量均显著低于CK(P0.05);同时,外源硒处理可以显著提高小麦幼苗超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)的活性。随外源硒浓度的提高,除京冬17的SOD活性和S1204的POD活性外,其余小麦品种(系)的SOD和POD活性均显著高于CK(P0.05)。隶属函数法综合分析可得:舜麦1718、晋太102、京冬17、S1204对应的适宜处理分别为Se40、Se60、Se20、Se60,对硒的敏感性排序为:京冬17舜麦1718S1204晋太102。因此,4个小麦品种(系)对硒的敏感性存在差异,适宜浓度外源硒叶面处理有效增加小麦幼苗POD、SOD等保护酶活性,降低体内活性氧积累,缓解膜脂过氧化损伤,增强小麦幼苗的抗旱能力,促进干旱胁迫下小麦幼苗的生长和发育。外源硒叶面处理可作为一种缓解小麦幼苗干旱胁迫的有效措施。     

种子萌发期粳稻种质资源耐旱性综合评价

水资源短缺一直是制约西北干燥区水稻生产的主要因素之一,在水稻某一或全生育期节水有利于缓解该区域农业用水。为挖掘水稻耐旱种质资源和培育耐旱品种,对西北干燥区种植的粳稻种质资源进行种子萌发期的耐旱性鉴定和评价,本研究首先以PEG-6000为渗透剂对6份不同耐旱性水稻材料进行模拟干旱处理,研究了粳稻种子在0%、5%、10%、15%、20%的PEG-6000溶液胁迫下的萌发情况,分析了种子的相对发芽势、相对发芽率、相对根长、相对芽长、活力指数、相对根芽鲜重、相对根芽干重和萌发耐旱指数的变化。结果表明,15%PEG-6000可作为粳稻种子萌发期耐旱性鉴定的最佳浓度。在此基础上,进一步利用该处理浓度对139份不同来源的粳稻种质资源进行萌发期耐旱性鉴定,以筛选浓度时选用的8个耐旱指标作为评价指标,通过主成分分析法确定了相对发芽势、相对芽长、活力指数、萌发耐旱指数为4个关键指标,利用隶属函数结合权重分析法得到了萌发期粳稻种质资源耐旱性的综合评价值D。根据D值排序,筛选鉴定到萌发期耐旱性强的5个粳稻种质:松粳3号、通院515、龙粳807、松粳20和Farry。通过聚类分析将139份粳稻种质资源划分为4个亚群,第Ⅰ和Ⅲ亚群(除个别种质为中等耐旱种质外)均为旱敏感亚群,第Ⅱ亚群为耐旱和中等耐旱混合亚群,第Ⅳ亚群为中等耐旱亚群。本研究构建的聚类图中,活力指数与D值表现出较好的一致性。本研究结果可为种子萌发期粳稻种质资源耐旱性快速鉴定和评价提供参考。     

土壤水分胁迫对红砂幼苗生长和渗透调节物质的影响

[目的]探讨干旱与半干旱区受损红砂种群幼苗适宜生长的土壤水分条件,为红砂植被保护、恢复、重建提供理论依据。[方法]采用盆栽试验研究不同土壤水分条件下红砂幼苗生长及渗透调节物质差异。[结果]随土壤水分胁迫程度的加剧,红砂幼苗茎叶总生物量呈明显的减少趋势,其株高呈逐渐降低的变化趋势,而根冠比、根长和根表面积均呈逐步增大的变化趋势,根系生物量呈先增加后减少的变化趋势。随土壤水分胁迫程度的加剧,红砂幼苗茎叶、根组织中脯氨酸含量均表现出明显的增加趋势,而可溶性糖和可溶性蛋白含量的变化相对不明显。[结论]土壤水分胁迫下红砂幼苗可通过调整自身生长和生物量分配来加大根冠比以及通过积累脯氨酸来适应干旱胁迫,维持植株正常生长。     

Tolerance of durum wheat lines to an acid,aluminum‐toxic subsoil

Durum wheat, Triticum durum Desf., is reportedly more sensitive to aluminum (Al) toxicity in acid soils than hexaploid wheat, Triticum aestivum L. em. Thell. Aluminum‐tolerant genotypes would permit more widespread use of this species where it is desired, but not grown, because of acid soil constraints. Durum wheat germplasm has not been adequately screened for acid soil (Al) tolerance. Fifteen lines of durum wheat were grown for 28 days in greenhouse pots of acid, Al‐toxic Tatum subsoil at pH 4.5, and non‐toxic soil at pH 6.0. Aluminum‐tolerant Atlas 66 and sensitive Scout 66 hexaploid wheats were also included as standards. Based on relative shoot and root dry weight (wt. at pH 4.5/wt. at pH 6.0 X 100), durum entries differed significantly in tolerance to the acid soil. Relative shoot dry weight alone was an acceptable indicator of acid soil tolerance. Relative dry weights ranged from 55.1 to 15.5% for shoots and from 107 to 15.8% for roots. Durum lines PI 195726 (Ethiopia) and PI 193922 (Brazil) were significantly more tolerant than all other entries, even the Al‐tolerant, hexaploid Atlas 66 standard. Hence, these two lines have potential for direct use on acid soils or as breeding materials for use in developing greater Al tolerance in durum wheat. Unexpectedly, the range of acid soil tolerance available in durum wheat appears comparable to that in the hexaploid species. Hence, additional screening of durum wheat germplasm for acid soil (Al) tolerance appears warranted. Durum lines showing least tolerance to the acid soil included PI 322716 (Mexico), PI 264991 (Greece), PI 478306 (Washington State, USA), and PI 345040 (Yugoslavia). The Al‐sensitive Scout 66 standard was as sensitive as the most sensitive durum lines. Concentrations of Al and phosphorus were significantly higher in shoots of acid soil sensitive than in those of tolerant lines, and these values exceeded those reported to cause Al and phosphorus (P) toxicities in wheat and barley.     

氮肥缓解苗期干旱对小麦根系形态建成及生理特性的影响

为揭示氮肥缓解苗期干旱对小麦根系生长的影响,以高产高蛋白品种Spitfire(S)和抗旱品种Drysdale(D)为材料,采用沙培方式研究了不同氮素处理(180和22.5 kg·hm^-2)和水分处理(干旱和正常浇水)对苗期小麦根系形态建成和生理生长的影响。结果表明,苗期干旱下增施氮肥减小了2个品种小麦根系总根长、根系表面积、总根体积、根尖数和分枝数,显著增加了根系直径和根系活力,S品种根系干重减小7.0%,而D品种根系干重增加12.0%。施高氮还降低了干旱下2个品种小麦根系可溶性糖含量,并提高了游离氨基酸含量,且耐旱性品种D变化幅度较大,2个品种根系可溶性蛋白含量的变化均不明显。此外,增施氮肥能促进根系对氮素的吸收,提高根系硝酸还原酶(NR)活性和含氮量。综上,在苗期干旱下增施氮肥能够促进小麦根系生长,提高根系活力和NR活性,以增强根系对氮素的吸收同化能力,促进氮代谢水平,从而提高小麦的抗旱性,但不同耐旱品种对干旱下增施氮肥的响应程度存在差异。本研究结果为通过增施氮肥有效缓解干旱进而提高小麦产量提供了理论依据。     

菜用豌豆品种资源萌发期耐旱性鉴定

为研究菜用豌豆种子萌发期的耐旱性,本试验以31份菜用豌豆品种资源为试验材料,通过2.5%PEG溶液模拟干旱胁迫处理萌发期豌豆种子,统计种子发芽势和发芽率,测定鲜重、干重、根长、芽长等指标,并采用相关性分析、主成分分析、聚类分析、灰色关联度分析及逐步回归分析等方法相结合,对31份菜用豌豆品种资源进行萌发期耐旱性鉴定及耐旱指标筛选。结果表明,2.5% PEG-6000模拟干旱胁迫对菜用豌豆种质资源萌发期各测定指标均有极显著影响;根据综合抗旱系数值(CDC值)、耐旱性度量值(D值)、加权关联度(WDC值)大小对供试种质进行排序,其中耐旱性最强的4个品种依次为16110、16055、16140、16107;耐旱性最弱的3个品种依次为16106、16175、16177。通过聚类分析,在欧氏距离D²=8.5处将31份豌豆品种资源划分为4种类型:第Ⅰ类包括16054、16142等20个品种;第Ⅱ类包括16140、16079和16055 3个品种;第Ⅲ类包括16175、16104等6个品种;第Ⅳ类包括16110和16107 2个品种。逐步回归分析表明,与D值密切相关的指标为发芽指数、活力指数、发芽势、根长,这些可作为豌豆种质资源萌发期耐旱性鉴定综合选择指标。本试验结果为进一步研究菜用豌豆萌发期耐旱性机理及干旱调控缓解机制提供了理论参考,也为菜用豌豆耐旱品种选育及其推广应用奠定了基础。