Study on the Protection and Renovation of Ancient Buildings in Likeng

As a famous historical and cultural city of China, and one of the ecological conservation experimental plots of Huizhou culture, Likeng owns many cultural units under state and local protection. The paper elaborated the significance and principles of protecting ancient buildings in Likeng, analyzed the restoration principles and technical schemes. Through analyzing the protection of ancient buildings in Likeng, the rationality of protection, and the balance between protection and development was proposed, and protection of the projects in the national historic and cultural heritage list, cultural relics protection units at all levels, famous historic and cultural cities was introduced.     

The Dynamic Conservation Strategy of Central Historic Block in Baoding

Under the traditional static protection mode that advocates controlling and stresses no change to the original, the central historic block in Baoding is facing some new problems such as the setting back of physical environment, isolation from the urban development and imbalance of the regional economical development. Based on investigation and analysis, the goals and dynamic conservation strategy were proposed for central historic block. The strategy took the dynamic conservation theory, in which the holistic protection and sustainable development were the features, as theoretic tool. And from urban planning, urban administration, society economic growth, urban space design and historic buildings protection aspects, the relationship between protection, renaissance and development were studied with the dynamic conservation strategy.     

Evolution of Environmental Culture Characteristics in Construction of New Countryside:Case in Beautiful Country of Yuezhao Community,Zhongshan District

Beautiful country of Yuezhao Community,Zhongshan District is taken as the case.By digging cultural characteristics and connotation of historic buildings and integrating historical culture resources,protection region of historic site is formed.By analyzing construction condition and environment of status quo and combining surrounding natural environment,greening and activity places are arranged in the area unsuitable for construction,and landscape node rich in local culture characteristics is created.In the planning,it should sufficiently respect layout of the existing buildings,making planning region become a new rural residential community in the new era that local culture atmosphere is rich;the planned buildings have the same skin textures with original buildings and harmoniously coexist with natural environment.     

A Community Development Approach to the Conservation and Improvement of Historic Conservation Areas

In this paper, we introduce the concept and notion of community development. We analyze the nature and character of Chinese historic conservation areas. We recommend using a community development approach in historic conservation area to transform historic conservation plans of physical environments into comprehensive community development plans. We encourage and promote the organized participation of community inhabitants in such plans and in the implementation of joint conservation and improvement tasks with the government for historic conservation areas.     

Effectiveness of Energy use in Public Area of Buildings

The flow of people changes very greatly in the public areas of public buildings, so the energy demand should also change with the flow of people. However, under the traditional model, the pedestrian flow is rarely considered when accounting energy output, which causes some of the energy invalid. How to assess the energy efficiency to reduce energy waste is an emergent problem to be solved for building energy conservation. The concept of energy utilization efficiency is put forward to judge the degree of utilization of energy, and the formula for calculating energy utilization efficiency is also provided. In a hospital public waiting area, a lot of experiments have been carried out. By comparing the energy consumption before and after the experiments, it is found that energy utilization efficiency can assess the effectiveness of energy. And to improve the energy efficiency of buildings greatly in public areas can be realized by promoting the energy utilization efficiency.     

Energy-Saving Effect of Discolored Decorative Boards in Flexible Interior Space

Green,energy conservation and environmental protection have increasingly become the theme of the sustained and healthy development of cities against the background of new urbanization,which indicates that the problem of building energy consumption has received growing attention.This paper explores the impact of energy-saving decorations in flexible interior space on energy-saving effect of buildings so as to broaden the horizon of energy conservation in building,thereby alleviating the problem of energy shortage in China.     

Energy-saving Planning and Design of Urban Residential Buildings in Hanzhong Area

Energy-saving design of residential building is an important part of energy-saving architectural design. Planning and design of residential buildings in Hanzhong area should pay more attention to the building orientation, sunshine, summer ventilation and wind resistance in winter and so on, so as to create favorable conditions for energy-saving design of single buildings. The geographical location, climatic characteristics, residents living habits and indoor and outdoor thermal environment situation were analyzed in this paper, and combined with the existing problems of energy conservation in the planning and layout of residential buildings in Hanzhong area. Based on the investigation, this paper drew some conclusions to provide references for the energy-saving planning and design of urban residential buildings in the local area.     

The Exterior Point Penalty Function Method In Building Electric Energy Consumption Split Algorithm

Current electrical distribution system for public buildings generally can collect the total energy consumption for a certain unit or a floor only. However, the amount of energy consumption in different kinds can be calculated by splitting, which may realize dynamic, accurate and prompt collections of industrial regulatory information; the sharing of data resources and should be able to provide scientific foundation while the competent department of construction administration are making development plans of construction energy conservation and policies of macroscopic readjustment and control.     

The "Mutually Support Methodology" and the Conservation of the City Heritage

The authors apply the viewpoint of the "mutually support methodology" in philosophy to direct the conservation of the heritage buildings.Based on the system theory and restoration theory,the authors raise a concept of total conservation and make suggestion on the method of structure conservation by hierarchy.     

Characteristics of energy consumption and energy efficient approaches for hotel buildings

Based on the investigation of energy consumption and air conditioning system working of 14 typical hotel buildings in Three Gorges Reservoir area cities, energy consumption characteristics of hotel buildings are analyzed. Then the use status of energy efficiency technologies of those hotel buildings is analyzed. Finally, effective energy conservation approaches for hotel buildings are brought forward and the energy-efficiency potential of variable water volume system is analyzed through testing.     

Study on Landscape Restoration in City Memory Space: A Case Study of Temple of Lord Fan Wenzheng in Ancient Huishan Town

Against the background of rapid urbanization, city memories have been gradually lost. In view of this, historic blocks and ancient buildings are taken as the key points of restoring collective memory spaces of cities, and Temple of Lord Fan Wenzheng in ancient Huishan Town, Wuxi City as a typical case to define tangible landscape elements in memory spaces. By analyzing the process of restoring buildings, pavements, waters, stone layouts and plants in the temple, practical means of restoring tangible landscapes in city memory spaces were summarized, so as to provide references for protecting original town landscapes, repairing damaged memory spaces, and inheriting city memories.     

Study on Energy - Saving Strategy and Application of Intelligent Buildings

Intelligent buildings are more convenient and comfortable, however, their energy consumption during the operation arouses a big concern in society. In this article air - conditioning system operation control is studied mainly, meanwhile, to develop a kind of energy - saving air - conditioning system and put forward a strategy of energy conservation in air - conditioning, based on the calculation of the target on - line optimized function.     

Intangible Protection of Environmental Spaces in Ancient Towns and Its Significance: a Case Study of Ancient Qijiang Town in Sichuan

The well-preserved small historic cities and towns in China that have went through thousands of years of vicissitudes play a signifi cant role in studying the town history and architectural spaces,and inheriting behavioral cultures of the locals.However,driven by economic profi ts,the current protection and development of ancient towns focus on ancient images,but neglect behavioral cultures and spiritual connotations,lose their evolution sequence and the relationship between tangible and intangible characters.Protection of ancient towns,as the author asserts,means not simple restoration and simulation of ancient buildings,or blind pursuit of new approaches,but equal importance to repairing architectural forms,protecting the environmental spaces,and intangible behavioral cultures and spiritual connotations of the locals that have been or will be lost in the history.It is the signifi cance of protecting ancient town environment and its history and culture.     

Functional Features and Layouts of Yangzhou Residential Gardens in the Late Qing Dynasty and the Early Republic of China: A Case Study of Residential Gardens of Officials,Merchants and Literati

On the basis of analyzing socio-economic structures, social classes and their relations in the late Qing Dynasty and the early Republic of China, this paper took residential gardens of three principal groups(officials, merchants and literati) for example, analyzed functional features and layouts of the gardens, explored artistic characteristics and cultural connotations of the local residential gardens, so as to provide references for the conservation and construction of historic and cultural cities, design and expression of modern urban livable spaces.     

三峡地区引种美国牧草试验初报

随着中国经济的持续增长,要求改善生态环境、防治水土流失的呼声也越来越高。对于该问题,需要用可持续发展的方针加以解决。方法之一就是在条件适合的地方种植豆科植物和禾本科草。长江水土保持局与美国俄勒冈草种协会合作进行引种美国牧草试验研究,试验区选择在紧邻三峡大坝的湖北省宜昌市夷陵区三斗坪镇花鸡坡,试验期为2000年10月—2003年10月,对美国8种草种进行了产量和水土保持径流小区试验观测。在此,重点介绍了观测的过程,并对牧草的生长情况和水土保持能力进行了比较,认为多年生黑麦草、剪股颖等草系在其生长期内能够显著提高地面覆盖率,产草量高,可以在水土保持治理措施和退耕还林还草等项目中推广。     

Analysis of Tibetan Cities and Towns in Sichuan——A Case Study of Traditional Tibetan Settlements in Gengqing Town,Dege County

Tibetan area is a region consisting of different nationalities and cultures,it has special settlement forms.Dege is a historic and cultural center of Kangba area,local architecture has profound cultural background,it is an important representative of traditional Tibetan buildings in Sichuan.This paper explored the forms of Tibetan forms and architectural spaces,summarized architectural features of Tibetan folk dwellings in Sichuan,and studied formation and evolution of traditional settlements in Gengqing Town in an all-around way.     

Characterization of common bean wild populations for their in situ conservation in Northwestern Argentina

In situ conservation of wild species is a method of conservation that allows keeping populations in their natural environments, and set the strategies for maintaining the natural populations. The Active Bank of Northwestern Argentina (BANOA) is in charge of the in situ conservation of wild populations of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in Northwestern Argentina (NOA), and has an ex situ collection of 401 landraces and 221 wild accessions from the NOA. We evaluated the phenotypic diversity of 68 common bean wild populations from the NOA both in protected and unprotected areas, finding a moderate variation among them. Ten phenotypic reproductive characteristics related to pod and seed displayed significant differences in the analysis of variance; these traits together with the seed weight were the basis for the multivariate analysis. The cluster analysis ordered the populations in 12 groups but trends in geographical distribution or phenotypical variation were not recognized. For the conservation in situ of the wild bean populations, their diversity should be considered. Two types of populations can be highlighted: (i) candidates for in situ conservation in order to preserve the novel variation generated by convergence with cultivated sympatric germplasm (populations 433, 437, 471, 509, 513 and 517) and (ii) those whose phenotype represents clearly the wild status and should be preserved in situ as such in their current status (populations 480, 495, 496, 525 and 533).     

Assessment Method of Buildings Damage Induced by Underground Construction

With increased urban highway tunnel construction in P.R. China,there are more shallow cover tunnels passing under buildings.Finding a means to appraise buildings' degree of damage is one of the most important preconditions so that tunnels can safely pass under buildings.First,the instance of damage should be confirmed according to the buildings' actual settlement.Then, referring to the buildings damage evaluation criteria,the buildings' control damage rank and critical distortion value can be determined.The permissible distortion value can be drawn from the difference of buildings' critical distortion value and distortion value corresponding to its damage ranking.Finally,a three-stage appraisement is carried out to assess the degree of buildings' damage induced by tunnel construction.If every stage's calculated result of this appraisement exceeds buildings' permissible distortion value,the buildings should be reinforced to assure that the tunnels could pass through safely.At the same time, the calculation method has important reference value for the similar projects.     

Water and Soil Conservation in Taiwan Based on Theoretical Research of Water and Soil Ecology

Taiwan has always attached great importance to management of mountain slopes, and its steepslope water and soil conservation system has been a reference for the water and soil conservation in hot and rainy regions. From the perspective of water and soil ecology theory, new forms of water and soil loss emerged since the industrialization and urbanization of Taiwan, also known as hidden water and soil loss, such as soil hardening, change of original landform, destruction of ecological landscape etc.. These losses should be controlled through water and soil conservation measures such as initial involvement, dynamic analysis, systematic treatment and disaster avoidance, all production and construction activities should follow three elements(water, soil and vegetation) and their correlation laws, in order to maintain water and soil ecological balance. By integrating water and soil ecological concepts, water and soil conservation in Taiwan will make more progress.     

Calculation Method for Equivalent Model of Regular Isolated Structure with Bend shear Deformation

Isolation technique was not only applied for middle or low buildings, but also recently it was applied to high rise buildings. For high rise buildings, multi order vibration should be considered for upper structure isolation and bend deformation should be taken into account in gross deformation because of large height to width ratio. On the basis of previous studies, calculation method of equivalent model for regular isolated structure with bend shear deformation characteristic was proposed according to equivalent criteria after the analysis for some model structures. With the proposed model, handwork calculation of earquake response for isolated structure can be simply completed and design efficiency of isolation structure was improved. Based on the case studies, the equivalency of proposed model was approved.