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19.
钾素对棉花营养吸收分配及纤维品质的影响   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
巫兰  陈波浪  马德英  轩娅萍  付建华  蒋平安 《新疆农业大学学报》2010,33(3):192-196
以新陆早24号为供试材料,通过水培方式研究施钾对棉花生长发育和氮、磷、钾素的吸收分配以及纤维品质的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,适当提高营养液中的钾浓度能明显促进棉花生长发育;促进棉株对氮、磷、钾营养元素的吸收积累;增加纤维的长度、比强度和马克隆值;且都呈现:低钾处理高钾处理对照处理的规律性。尤以低钾浓度(K1和K2)见优,K1和K2的钾素总吸收积累量最高,分别是对照的62.1和69.8倍;K2的纤维品质综合表现最好,纤维长度、比强度、马克隆值比高钾浓度(K3和K4)分别增加了0.5~3.4 mm,1.2~5.3 cN/tex,0.3~0.9。钾营养缺乏直接影响棉花的结铃。  相似文献   

20.
陆地棉中长绒种质鉴定及其品质性状的稳定性与空间分布研究     
汤飞宇  程锦  黄文新  莫旺成  肖文俊 《江西农业大学学报》2007,29(6):903-906
2001~2006年在江西南昌对14份优质棉品种(系)纤维品质性状的表现及其稳定性进行鉴定,并对一个中长绒高代选系的纤维品质性状的空间分布进行了研究,结果评选出达到中长绒陆地棉标准的种质5份;3大纤维品质性状中以马克隆值的变异系数最大,比强度次之,最小是绒长,表明马克隆值最容易受环境条件的影响;中长绒陆地棉不同部位棉纤维的绒长和马克隆值差异较小,比强度以中上部果枝内围果节的棉纤维最高,以上部果枝外围果节的棉纤维最低。因而在调优栽培中,应积极促进中上部果枝内围果节多成桃,控制上部果枝外围果节少座桃。  相似文献   

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1.
探讨了不同坐果点对棉花纤维品质的贡献率。结果表明,第二坐果点棉铃对纤维品质的贡献率最大,达到38.31%,其次是第一坐果点(31.81%),再次是第三坐果点(29.88%)。确定了棉株65个坐果点的品质特点,并以综合指标为尺度进行了聚类分析。分析表明,这些坐果点可分成差异明显的6大类,其中Ⅱ—Ⅴ类为优质类,Ⅰ类、Ⅵ类为较差类。就时间分布而言,7月20日以前(伏前桃)的纤维品质最差,贡献率仅16.38%;7月20日-8月20日(伏桃)的纤维品质最好,贡献率达35.36%。  相似文献   

2.
不同采摘时间及密度对棉纤维品质的影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
研究了不同采摘时间及空间条件对纤维品质的影响。结果表明,从不同空间条件来看,不同的密度水平对纤维长度、整齐度均有一定的影响,麦克隆值、比强度受空间水平的制约比较小。从时间水平卜来看,不同的收获时期对纤维长度、整齐度、比强度影响比较大,而麦克隆值受当年气候条件的影响差异表现不显著。  相似文献   

3.
浙江棉区棉花纤维品质生态分布的研究   总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13  
不同生态条件下,棉花纤维品质有明显的差异。纤维品质的优劣与土壤有密切的相关,经逐步回归分析,在8个土壤养分中筛选出显著影响纤维品质的主要土壤养分是有机质、氮、硼和铜。纤维品质性状与7-10月棉花开花至叶絮时期的日平均气温,存在显著的抛物线回归关系。7-10月的日平均气温24.3℃~26.3℃下棉花纤维品质最好。  相似文献   

4.
试验结果表明,棉籽和棉纤维发育除受遗传和环境生态因素影响外,棉株生理年龄也有一定影响,不同播期间,棉株生理年龄对同期形成的伏桃棉籽和纤维的发育影响不显著,对秋桃棉籽和纤维发育影响较小,对晚秋桃棉籽和纤维发育的影响最大,似有播期愈晚,棉株生理上,棉籽和纤维发育愈好的趋势。  相似文献   

5.
研究了1994-1998年湘杂棉2号参加各种试验的纤维品质,湘杂棉2号F1的纤维品质;2.5%的跨长30.06mm比强21.62g/tex;马克隆值4.85,气纱品质1796,湘杂棉2号F2的纤维品质,2.5%跨长为29.6mm,长强21.8g/tex马克隆值4.8,气纱品质1802,综合多年多点纤维品质分析结果,湘杂棉2号F1,F2的纤维品质,均优于常规推广品种。  相似文献   

6.
对2012-2013年不同棉花(Gossypium hirsutum L.)品种不同开花时间成铃的棉铃性状和纤维品质时间分布特征进行了比较分析。结果表明,油后移栽棉8月15-25日开的花成铃率高、铃重重、衣分高,不孕子率低;平均绒长28 mm左右、比强度26 c N/tex左右,马克隆值5左右,纺纱均匀性指数130左右,纤维品质综合表现较优,适宜纺织中支纱。  相似文献   

7.
通过对高产高品质陆地棉渝棉一号选育系952-23与典型的低产低强度陆地棉多基因标记系T586杂交的F1,经多代不同纤维品质重组自交后,对F3与F7纤维的主要品质指标进行了检测,并对检测结果进行了统计分析。结果表明,各项指标的变异系数都比较小,F3与F7白色纤维的长度,绿色纤维的细度相关性显著,即这些性状遗传相对稳定,可进行早代选择。F7与F3的纤维品质相比较,长度指标减小了,但细度和比强有所提高。  相似文献   

8.
不同生态因子与棉花纤维品质的关系   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
棉花纤维品质与生态因子有着密切的关系。棉花铃期>20℃有效积温是影响棉花纤维品质的主要因子,土壤水分(降雨)对棉花纤维长度有重要作用。纤维强力、细度和成熟度与铃期>20℃有效积温呈高显著相关,土壤中微量元素的含量对纤维品质性状的影响相对较小。  相似文献   

9.
棉花纤维品质有关指标分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
  相似文献   

10.
高强纤维棉花种质系的纤维品质初析   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
高强纤维棉花种质系的纤维品质初析陈国平,沈新莲,周宝良,顾立美,陈松,黄骏麒,阮锡根(江苏省农科院经作所南京210014)(南京林业大学基础课部)棉花纤维强度是原棉最重要的品质指标,与成纱品质有密切的关系[1,2]。高纤维品质种质系的培育成功[3,4...  相似文献   

11.
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Two cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars, Kemian 1 (cool temperature-tolerant) and Sumian 15 (cool temperature-sensitive) were used to study the effects of cool temperature on carbohydrates, yield, and fiber quality in cotton bolls located at different fruiting positions (FP). Cool temperatures were created using late planting and low light. The experiment was conducted in 2010 and 2011 using two planting dates (OPD, the optimized planting date, 25 April; LPD, the late planting date, 10 June) and two shading levels of crop relative light rate (CRLR, 100 and 60%). Compared with fruiting position 1 (FP1), cotton yield and yield components (fiber quality, leaf sucrose and starch content, and fiber cellulose) were all decreased on FP3 under all treatments. Compared with OPD-CRLR 100%, other treatments (OPD-CRLR 60%, LPD-CRLR 100%, and LPD-CRLR 60%) had significantly decreased lint yield at both FPs of both cultivars, but especially at FP3 and in Sumian 15; this decrease was mainly caused by a large decline in boll number. All fiber quality indices decreased under late planting and shading except fiber length at FP1 with OPD-CRLR 60%, and a greater reduction was observed at FP3 and in Sumian 15. Sucrose content of the subtending leaf and fiber increased under LPD compared to OPD, whereas it decreased under CRLR 60% compared to CRLR 100%, which led to decreased fiber cellulose content. Therefore, shading primarily decreased the “source” sucrose content in the subtending leaf whereas late planting diminished translocation of sucrose towards cotton fiber. Notably, as planting date was delayed and light was decreased, more carbohydrates were distributed to leaf and bolls at FP1 than those at FP3, resulting in higher yield and better fiber quality at FP1, and a higher proportion of bolls and carbohydrates allocated at FP3 of Kemian 1 compared to that of Sumian 15. In conclusion, cotton yield and fiber quality were reduced less at FP1 compared to those at FP3 under low temperature and low light conditions. Thus, reduced cotton yield and fiber quality loss can be minimized by selecting low temperature tolerant cultivars under both low temperature and light conditions.
Keywords: cotton planting date and shading fruiting position yield fiber quality > Received: 24 May 2017 >>Accepted: > Fund: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271654, 31401327, 31471444), the Special Fund for Agro-scientific Research in the Public Interest, China (201203096), and the Jiangsu Overseas Research & Training Program for University Prominent Young & Middle-aged Teachers and Presidents, China (2016).  相似文献   

12.
Two cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars, Kemian 1 (cool temperature-tolerant) and Sumian 15 (cool temperature-sensitive) were used to study the effects of cool temperature on carbohydrates, yield, and fiber quality in cotton bolls located at different fruiting positions (FP). Cool temperatures were created using late planting and low light. The experiment was conducted in 2010 and 2011 using two planting dates (OPD, the optimized planting date, 25 April; LPD, the late planting date, 10 June) and two shading levels of crop relative light rate (CRLR, 100 and 60%). Compared with fruiting position 1 (FP1), cotton yield and yield components (fiber quality, leaf sucrose and starch content, and fiber cellulose) were all decreased on FP3 under all treatments. Compared with OPD-CRLR 100%, other treatments (OPD-CRLR 60%, LPD-CRLR 100%, and LPD-CRLR 60%) had significantly decreased lint yield at both FPs of both cultivars, but especially at FP3 and in Sumian 15; this decrease was mainly caused by a large decline in boll number. All fiber quality indices decreased under late planting and shading except fiber length at FP1 with OPD-CRLR 60%, and a greater reduction was observed at FP3 and in Sumian 15. Sucrose content of the subtending leaf and fiber increased under LPD compared to OPD, whereas it decreased under CRLR 60% compared to CRLR 100%, which led to decreased fiber cellulose content. Therefore, shading primarily decreased the “source” sucrose content in the subtending leaf whereas late planting diminished translocation of sucrose towards cotton fiber. Notably, as planting date was delayed and light was decreased, more carbohydrates were distributed to leaf and bolls at FP1 than those at FP3, resulting in higher yield and better fiber quality at FP1, and a higher proportion of bolls and carbohydrates allocated at FP3 of Kemian 1 compared to that of Sumian 15. In conclusion, cotton yield and fiber quality were reduced less at FP1 compared to those at FP3 under low temperature and low light conditions. Thus, reduced cotton yield and fiber quality loss can be minimized by selecting low temperature tolerant cultivars under both low temperature and light conditions.  相似文献   

13.
对新疆棉区纤维生态品质分布情况进行了分析,在此基础上,对不同棉区生态品质进行了评价。在新疆三大棉区中,东疆棉区综合品质最好,但纤维过粗;南北疆棉区棉纤维品质呈多态性分布,南疆的库尔勒棉区综合品质最优,但马克隆值略有偏高;北疆棉区以精河县棉区综合品质最优,但也存在马克隆值偏高的问题,精河、乌苏是北疆高品质棉区。  相似文献   

14.
对大田生长的陆地棉(G.hirsutum L.)和海岛棉(G.barbadense L.)8个品种的纤维伸长、次生壁加厚及成熟纤维的品质的研究表明:纤维的伸长符合方程 Y=a_0+a_1x+…+a_5x~5。北农-1在开花后14d 纤维伸长最快,到24d 停止伸长;海7124在开花后12d 伸长最快,到25d 停止伸长;8763依在开花后18d 伸长最快,到36d 停止伸长。纤维的伸长与次生壁加厚相重叠,8763依和海7124的重叠程度比北农-1大。品种间纤维品质差异的原因在于纤维发育上的不同。与品质关系最大的纤维发育特征是纤维快速伸长期的长短,纤维伸长与次生壁加厚的重叠程度。  相似文献   

15.
1986~1989年在大田和盆栽条件下研究了花铃期缺水对棉花产量和品质的影响。结果表明,整个花铃期缺水对棉株生长发育、生理代谢、干物质积累和分配以及产量和品质等均有不良影响。但盛花期缺水对其影响最大;初花期轻度缺水,能适当控制营养生长,减少用水量,对籽棉产量无不利影响,但此期严重缺水时会明显抑制营养生长,造成减产。干旱引起减产主要是由于单株铃数的减少,而平均铃重和衣分率对其影响较小,干旱条件下衣分率反而有提高的趋势。干旱对种子发育的影响大于对纤维发育的影响。对其它品质指标的影响较小。  相似文献   

16.
通过开花后分期取样测定的方法,从栽培生理角度对有色棉棉纤维发育特性进行了初步研究,结果表明,有色棉纤维长度和纤维比强度的动态变化趋势与白色棉相似,但在纤维快速伸长期的纤维日伸长量较低。有色棉纤维素的积累变化规律与白色棉相同,但其纤维素含量(%)显著低于对照。不同开花期下,纤维素含量(%)随铃龄的增加表现出不同的增长规律,第1期纤维素含量(%)的快速增长阶段在开花后35 d之前,而第2期则在30~35 d之后,这可能与铃期内温度条件的差异有关。纤维可溶性糖含量(%)则随铃龄的增加而下降。单铃纤维干重与铃龄呈二次曲线函数增长关系,但有色棉单铃纤维干重一直明显低于白色棉。相关分析表明,有色棉纤维比强度与纤维素含量(%)、单铃纤维干重间均呈显著正相关关系,而与纤维可溶性糖含量(%)呈负相关关系。有色棉纤维伸长速度和纤维素积累速度较慢,积累量较低,单铃纤维干重低等发育特点可能是有色棉纤维短、比强度较低和产量低的主要原因之一。  相似文献   

17.
研究棉纤维发育过程中内源激素含量的变化,认识激素对纤维品质的调节效应,为人工调控纤维品质提供依据具有重要意义。选择新疆棉区4个纤维品质不同的棉花为材料,探讨棉纤维发育过程中内源激素含量的变化及与纤维品质形成的关系。结果表明:不同品种棉花纤维发育过程中纤维生长素(IAA)、赤霉素(GA3)、玉米素(ZR)和脱落酸(ABA)的变化趋势基本相似,其差异主要表现在IAA、GA3、ZR和ABA的含量大小及峰值出现的时间。新陆早16号在纤维发育前期有较高含量IAA、GA3、ZR和低含量的ABA,表现出纤维伸长速率较高,快速伸长时期较长;在次生壁加厚期ZR峰值出现较早,有利于棉纤维成熟,纤维品质表现较优。02-DB在纤维发育前期较高含量的ABA影响了纤维伸长速率和快速伸长时期,同时后期ZR峰值出现的晚,影响纤维发育,最终品质较差。  相似文献   

18.
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Cotton cultivars with brown (Xiangcaimian 2), green (Wanmian 39) and white (Sumian 9) fiber were investigated to study fiber developmental characteristics of natural-colored cotton and the effect of hormones on fiber quality at different stages after anthesis. Fiber lengths of both natural-colored cottons were lower than the white-fibered control, with brown-fibered cotton longer than green. Fiber strength, micronaire and maturation of natural-colored cotton were also lower than the control. The shorter fiber of the green cultivar was due to slower growth during 10 to 30 days post-anthesis (DPA). Likewise, the lower fiber strength, micronaire and maturation of natured-colored cotton were also due to slower growth during this pivotal stage. Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) content at 10 DPA, and abscisic acid (ABA) content at 30 to 40 DPA were lower in the fibers of the natural-colored than that of the white-fibered cotton. After applying 20 mg L–1 gibberellic acid (GA3), the IAA content at 20 DPA in the brown and green-fibered cottons increased by 51.07 and 64.33%, fiber ABA content increased by 38.96 and 24.40%, and fiber length increased by 8.13 and 13.96%, respectively. Fiber strength, micronaire and maturation were also enhanced at boll opening stage. Those results suggest that the level of endogenous hormones affect fiber quality. Application of external hormones can increase hormone content in natural-colored cotton fiber, improving its quality.
Keywords: natural-colored cotton fiber development fiber quality improving > Received: 28 July 2016 >>Accepted: > Corresponding Authors: Correspondence CHEN De-hua, Tel: +86-514-87979357, Fax: +86-514-87996817, E-mail: cdh@yzu.edu.cn > About author: ZHANG Xiang, Tel: +86-514-87979357, E-mail: yzzhangxiang @163.com;>
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