鱼鸭混养技术讲座（二）

四、鱼鸭混养的饲养管理: (一)池塘的饲养管理鱼鸭混养中池塘的管理是比较重要的,要获得高的效益,必须对池塘进行科学的管理。 1、高密度的放养,适时塔配。一般每亩放养鱼种200公斤,主养鲢、鳙、草、鲤等,吃食性鱼可少放一点,作为鱼鸭混养,鲢鳙鱼为主养对象比较适宜,鸭粪便一方面可以培肥水质,另一方面又可作精养的补充。如果技术、池塘的设施好,主养草、鲤,适当塔配鲢鳙,这样更可以获得高的经济效益。     

池塘养淡水白鲳高产技术试验

池塘主养淡水白鲳混养鲤、鲢、罗非鱼，平均每亩净产１００７．９ｋｇ，其中淡水白鲳占６０％，第亩纯益为６１５８．４６元。试验证明：放养３１ｇ／尾的白鲳鱼种，增重倍数远大于２５０ｇ／尾的鱼种；主养淡水白鲳池塘可混养鲢、鲶、乌鳢，但不宜混养非鱼。     

胶东地区鱼鸭混养试验

１９９５年在２５亩鱼池中进行了鱼鸭混养试验，净收入７万元，亩均收入２８００元，是单一养鱼的７－８倍。证实北方地区鱼鸭混养是可行的，鱼种密度以４００－５５０尾／亩为宜，每亩鱼池放鸭７０－８０只较好。     

鱼鸭混养效益高

鱼鸭混养效益高为探讨最佳鱼鸭混养密度，孟加拉迈门辛水产研究所在１１个０．ｌｈａ（公顷）的土塘中进行了鱼鸭适宜放养密度的试验。池中鱼种放养密度为８８５０尾／ｈａ，其中鲢占３３．９％、卡特拉综占１２．４％、露斯塔鲢占１８．回％，麦瑞加拉鲢占２８．８％、草...     

广东推行鱼鸭混养池塘面积达到50亩

近两年来，广东省各地养鱼户有一批鱼塘，积极推行鱼鸭混养新技术，实行鱼鸭综合利用，效果很好。据有关部门统计，目前．广东全省鱼鸭混养的池塘面积已发展到50多万亩，约占全省池塘养鱼面积的四分之一．     

盐碱池塘养殖荷包红鲤试验

在１５亩盐碱荒滩池塘进行了主养荷包红鲤试验。采取池坡边角堆施有机肥、混养少罗非鱼、自制配合饵料、调节水质等技术措施，经１３８天养成，平均每亩净产鱼５２９．５ｋｆ，其中荷包红３６９．５ｋｇ，占７０％，个体平均规格５２２ｇ，每亩纯益２８５０元。经专家鉴定，综合技术措施及产量达省内先进水平。     

鱼鸭混养技术讲座（一）

为了进一步提高池塘经济效益,立体利用开发池塘渔业,这里向大家介绍一种综合利用水面、鱼鸭混养、获高效益的综合养殖技术。鱼鸭混养是我国近几年兴起一种新型的养殖技术,它发展较快,在江、浙、广东一带尤为普及。我省近两年也有单位进行了尝试,据初步调查效果较好。 (一)鱼鸭混养的好处: (1)鱼鸭混养能充分发挥水陆空间、立体结构,充分利用现有的水面;一方面进行养鱼,一方面养鸭,不与农业争田,又能促进渔禽业的共同发展。     

鱼鸭套养技术 (二)

三、鱼鸭的饲养料一般水域,每亩水面可养鸭80—120羽。经常有微流水的水域,能保持良好的水质,鸭的饲养量可适当增加鱼类的放养量与各种鱼的混养比例是一个技术关键,它关系到水质的控制和鱼产量。放养密度要依水域具体条件决定,可以根据下列公式计算:     

鱼鸭立体生态养殖高产高效技术

鱼鸭混养作为一种生态养殖模式已在全国各地推广 ,有关的鱼鸭配比、鱼种投放和饲养管理方法等技术 ,各地因条件不同有较大差异 ,为了探讨适宜江汉平原的鱼鸭混养模式 ,我们于 1 999年在40口精养鱼池共 40ｈｍ2 面积进行了较大规模的鱼鸭立体生态养殖试验 ,通过科学化、规模化和产业化管理 ,取得了较好的效果 ,每公顷纯利润达 5万多元。现将养殖情况总结如下。1　材料与方法1 1　材料1 1 1　鱼鸭混养池　每口鱼池面积为 1ｈｍ2 ,东西向长方形 ,池深 3 5ｍ。池壁用水泥护坡 ,池底为泥土。进排水口相对 ,采用底层涵管排水。水源为汉沙河水 ,…     

评论区

“海南罗非鱼养殖主要采用全程投料、精养的模式，而广东大多养殖户是鱼猪或鱼鸭混养，但今年海南罗非鱼暴发疾病的严重程度并不亚于广东地区，病害泛滥应该不是肥水养殖惹的祸。”     

Integrated Duck-cum-Fish Farming in Bangladesh

An experiment on integrated duck-cum-fish farming was conducted in 11 ponds of 0.1 ha each at the Fisheries Research Institute, Mymensingh, Bangladesh. Khaki Campbell layer ducks Anas platyrhychos were housed directly over the pond water surface at 200, 400 and 500 dncks/ha. Each density had three replicate ponds and two ponds had no ducks. Fish fingerlings were stocked at a total density of 8,850/ha. The species composition was silver carp Hypophthalmicthys molitrix 33.9%; catla Catla catla 12.4%; rohu Labeo rohita 18.1%; mrigal Cirrhina mrigala 28.8%. grass carp Ctenopharyngodon idella 1.4% and sor puti Puntius gonlonotus 5.4%. The fish were not given any supplemental feed, and the ponds were not fertilized except for the split duck feed and duck manure falling directly into the ponds. Ducks were fed with a feed formulated from locally available ingredients.
After one year the fish were harvested. The yield of fish increased with an increase in duck density. Highest net fish production of 4,250 kg/ha/yr was obtained from ponds with 500 ducks/ ha, compared to 490 kg/ha/yr from the control ponds. Manure of each duck contributed a net fish yield of 6.9–7.5/yr. Average egg production was 237 eggs per female duck per year. Economic analysis of the technology showed a net profit of about 100% of the total costs, indicating the economic viability of the technology.     

团头鲂网箱养殖研究

在水库进行了网箱养殖团头鲂试验，采取网箱配套养殖鱼种和成鱼，自己设计饵料配方、合理投喂和防治鱼措施，１５只网箱总面积３７５ｍ＾２，共产商品鱼２３５０５ｋｇ，平无尾重４５１ｇ，盈利６．６３５万元，折合亩净产３５６１６ｋｇ，亩盈利１１．８万元。     

低洼盐碱地池塘养鲤高产试验

采取池塘两茬集约化养殖等技术措施，在２亩盐碱低洼地池塘内主养鲤，每亩净产３０２６．３ｋｇ，其中鲤２８０８．３ｋｇ，每亩经济效益１２３３８．４元，饵料系数１．４９，投入产出比１：１．５１。     

早繁淡水鲳当年养成技术

在１．８亩池塘中进行早繁淡水鲳当年养成技术试验，在无增氧机条件下，进行淡水鲳和罗非鱼混养。经１２８天饲养，平均亩净产５６０．９ｋｇ，其中淡水鲳为２８１．７ｋｇ，养在规格达５４０ｇ／尾，鉴定认为，当年养成这样的规格属省内领先水平。     

斑点叉尾鮰养殖试验

研究了美国斑点叉尾生物学特性、盐碱地池塘养殖、饵料配制、与家鱼混养等技术。在２０亩池塘中，平均亩产成鱼５０５．８ｋｇ，其中烟３５７．６ｋｇ，平均规格０．４４ｋｇ／尾，平均增长６０倍以上，每亩纯利３０３４．了６元。１９９４年专家鉴定认为，产量、效益、增长速度均达省内先进水平。     

Effects of introducing ducks into fish ponds on water quality, natural productivity and fish production together with the economic evaluation of the integrated and non-integrated systems

Raising ducks on fish ponds (fish-duck culture) on a commercial scale is a new practice in Egypt, therefore, a study was undertaken to evaluate this practice from production, carcass composition and economic viewpoints.Five earthern ponds were used in the non-integrated system (no ducks) whereas four earthen ponds, in which each pond was supplied with 125 Pecking ducks per 0.42 ha, were used for the Integrated system. In both systems, each pond was stocked with four species of fish (common carp Cyprinus carpio, silver carp Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Grey mullet Mugil cephalus and tilapias Oreochromis niloticusand O. aureus) at the same densities.There were no differences in temperature or pH in any of the ponds but dissolved oxygen levels were lower in integrated ponds concomitant with increasing levels of ammonia, phosphate and nitrate. Water in integrated ponds was richer in natural productivity (phytoplankton and zooplankton) either in species or density when compared with those variables in non-integrated ponds.Fish species reared in integrated ponds exhibited better body weight, food conversion and protein efficiency ratios compared with those of fish species in the non-integrated ponds. Fish yield per 0.42 ha produced from the integrated ponds was significantly higher than that obtained from non-integrated ones. Also, body composition of fish species was affected by the type of farming. Carcass crude protein of grey mullet, silver carp and tilapia was improved in the integrated system. The data on return on sales, return on costs, return on equity, pay-back period and break-even point showed that the integrated system was more profitable than the non-integrated system.     

Techno-economic evaluation of Asian seabass (Lates calcarifer) nursery rearing in small net cages (hapas) under different coastal salinities

Nursery rearing is the critical interim phase in farming of Asian seabass fish (Lates calcarifer), which produce fish fingerlings as an input for grow-out farming. The present study evaluated the techno-economic performance of seabass nursery rearing in low and high saline coastal waters. The results indicated that seabass nursery rearing is technically efficient with a mean technical efficiency of 99.83% and 92.45%, respectively under low and high saline conditions. The mean survival of young fishes was 63.50% and 42.50% with a mean daily weight gain of 0.08 g and 0.15 g, respectively in low and high saline waters. While the benefit cost ratio (BCR) was 2.76 and 1.9, the internal rate of return (IRR) was calculated to be 300% and 130%, respectively, indicating the economic viability of nursery rearing under different salinity regimes. Furthermore, it was observed that nursery rearing in low saline waters was more efficient and highly remunerative. In the Indian socio-economic scenario, a mean monthly income per person spending 2 h per day was found to be 129 USD and 317 USD respectively in high and low saline nursery systems which is a considerable earning. The results explicitly stated that nursery rearing itself is an exclusively livelihood development activity for the coastal fisher families with an active participation of fisher women. Establishment of finfish hatcheries to ensure continued supply of seabass seeds is the key factor in facilitating wider adoption of nursery rearing as a sustainable farming activity.

     

利用鲜杂鱼代替进口鱼粉制作配合饲料养鱼效果的初步试验

本文报道利用当地鲜杂鱼全部代替进口鱼粉制成的配合饲料进行池塘养成鱼的试验。试验结果是投喂野杂鱼饲料平均亩产383．9kg，亩成本为1576．5元，亩产利58．78元，饲料转换率为58．01％,饲料投产比为3．72，比当地进口鱼粉饲料成本降低19％，亩成本降低15．5％。但单产略低于鱼粉饲料组。     

福建建溪细鳞鲴国家级水产种质资源保护区的鱼类多样性

2011—2013年对福建省建溪细鳞鲴国家级种质资源保护区的4个江段进行了鱼类资源现状调查。共采集到鱼类77种,隶属于4目18科57属。渔获物分析表明,该保护区鱼类以鲤形目鱼类为主,占鱼类总种类比的64.9%;常见种有黄颡鱼(Pseudobagrus fulvidraco)、细鳞鲴(Xenocypris microlepis)、翘嘴鲌(Culter alburnus)、光泽黄颡鱼(Pseudobagrus nitidus)、子陵吻虎鱼(Ctenogobius giurinus)、银(Gnathopogon argentatus)等15种,以杂食性、底层、适应缓流生活的鱼类为主。保护区内的鱼类多样性指数、单船捕捞努力量较低,主要经济鱼类个体出现小型化现象。