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1.
葡萄农药残留膳食摄入风险评估   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
[目的]对都江堰市葡萄农药残留进行急性和慢性膳食摄入风险评估。[方法]2017—2018年对都江堰市生产的86批葡萄样品进行50种农药残留定量检测分析。[结果]2年抽检86个样品中有67个样品农药有检出,检出率为77.9%,有1个样品氯氟氰菊酯超标,超标率为1.2%。杀菌类农药嘧菌酯、多菌灵、腐霉利等检出率较高,膨大剂氯吡脲、多效唑均未检出,检出的农药有5种未在葡萄上登记。检出的14种农药慢性膳食摄入风险(%ADI)为0.01%~0.35%,急性膳食摄入风险(%ARfD)为0.31%~44.26%。根据残留风险得分,检出的农药有1种为高风险农药,其余13种农药为中低风险农药。按照风险指数(RI)排序,中风险样品占3.5%,低风险和极低风险样品占96.5%。[结论]出于保护消费者健康角度,建议吡虫啉、丙环唑、异菌脲、咪鲜胺4种农药最大残留限量分别设为6、7、6、1 mg/kg。  相似文献   

2.
水蜜桃农药残留膳食摄入风险评估   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
[目的]了解浙江省慈溪市当地散户种植的水蜜桃中农药污染状况,开展水蜜桃农药残留风险评估研究,为水蜜桃食用、农药残留监管和农药最大残留限量提供可靠依据。[方法]在2015年7月下旬对慈溪市散户种植的20批次水蜜桃样品进行了34种农药残留定量检测分析,分别用慢性膳食摄入风险(%ADI)和急性膳食摄入风险(%ARf D)进行农药残留慢性膳食摄入风险评估和急性膳食摄入风险评估,用每日允许摄入量(ADI)、大份餐和体重计算最大残留限量估计值(e MRL)。[结果]试验表明,水蜜桃农药检出率为75.00%,超标率为10.00%。检出的6种农药其慢性膳食摄入风险为0.010%~3.070%,平均值为0.660%;其急性膳食摄入风险为2.18%~31.28%,平均值为8.92%。在检出的6种农药中,除毒死蜱外,其余5种农药MRLS均过严,建议毒死蜱、甲胺磷、乙酰甲胺磷、氧乐果、氯氰菊酯、甲氰菊酯的最大残留限量分别设为13.50、5.50、39.50、0.40、26.50、39.50 mg/kg。[结论]水蜜桃的农药残留检出率较高,超标率也较高,但其农药残留慢性膳食摄入风险和急性膳食摄入风险均很低,建议修订或制定水蜜桃中毒死蜱等6种农药的最大残留限量。  相似文献   

3.
苹果农药最大残留限量标准研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
农药最大残留限量标准对保护消费者健康和农产品国际贸易至关重要。对我国、国际食品法典委员会以及我国主要苹果出口目的国的苹果农药最大残留限量标准进行了系统研究,分析了我国苹果农药最大残留限量标准存在的问题,提出了相应的建议。  相似文献   

4.
黔东南州黄瓜农药残留膳食摄入风险评估   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
采用农药残留膳食摄入风险评估和风险排序矩阵等方法,明确黔东南州黄瓜农药残留膳食摄入风险。黄瓜中共检出12种农药,检出率在1.7%~17.2%,无农残超标。所检出的12种农药对儿童和成人的慢性膳食摄入风险分别为0.007%~32.050%和0.003%~14.950%;除嘧霉胺、哒螨灵和嘧菌酯外,其余农药急性膳食暴露风险在儿童中为0.016%~9.260%,在成人中为0.010%~6.080%。结果表明,黔东南州黄瓜农药残留膳食摄入风险在可接受范围之内。  相似文献   

5.
农药残留是当前食品安全中一个十分严重的问题,世界各国或地区都十分重视农药残留限量标准的制定,并且把严格的限量标准作为影响食品贸易最主要的技术性贸易壁垒。中国是世界苹果贸易大国,苹果农药残留直接影响着中国在国际上的苹果贸易,为了使苹果生产和经营者更好了解国际市场和主要贸易国的苹果农药残留现状,本研究不仅对中国和苹果主要贸易国的苹果农药最大残留限量进行比较分析,也对中国苹果主要贸易国之间的苹果农药最大残留限量也进行比较分析;借此为中国制定苹果安全限量标准提供有价值的参考,以促进中国苹果产业的发展。  相似文献   

6.
急性膳食风险评估在农药残留限量标准制定中的应用   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
国际估计短期摄入量是评估急性膳食暴露风险的关键指标,主要用于农药最大残留限量的制定。近年来各国对国际估计短期摄入量的计算模型关注度越来越高,也有国家提出应修订该模型。本文重点介绍了模型计算的四种情形,IESTI计算器使用方法,比较了JMPR与欧盟各国间IESTI参数差异。最后提出了我国开展农药急性膳食风险评估的建议。  相似文献   

7.
农药残留风险评估研究进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
风险评估作为农药安全性评价手段已广泛应用于农药管理之中,是科学使用农药、保护生态环境及人体健康的重要依据,也是保障食品安全的关键措施。文章介绍了农药对人体健康风险的评估过程,并综述了国内外不同风险评估模型研究进展及其应用,以期为国内农药的风险评估提供参考与借鉴。  相似文献   

8.
【目的】了解不同地区枸杞中农药残留及膳食风险情况。【方法】查阅枸杞农药残留相关论文,研究不同农药间的相关性,使用国际通用指标(%ADI、%ARf D)和危害指数法(HI法)评估枸杞中毒死蜱等10种农药残留引起的膳食风险,并对不同地区进行单独分析评估。【结果】枸杞中10种农药的检出率为3.05%~72.79%,其中啶虫脒的检出率最高,乐果的检出率最低。10种农药慢性膳食摄入风险为0.000 0%~0.064 2%,急性膳食摄入风险为0.000 4%~8.690 0%;慢性HI值为0.001 744,急性HI值为0.120 000;宁夏地区慢性膳食摄入风险最高的农药是哒螨灵,急性膳食摄入风险最高的农药是氯氰菊酯;青海地区慢性膳食摄入风险最高的农药是啶虫脒,急性膳食摄入风险最高的农药是氯氰菊酯;甘肃和新疆地区慢性膳食摄入风险和急性膳食摄入风险最高的农药均是氯氰菊酯。【结论】各地区需要注意氯氰菊酯的使用,在摄入正常量枸杞的情况下,不同地区枸杞中10种农药引起的膳食风险可以被接受。  相似文献   

9.
为了解宁夏地区苹果种植生产过程中农药残留状况,本文针对常见的68种农药进行了残留量监测,用每日允许摄入量和急性参考剂量进行膳食摄入风险评估,为保障宁夏地区苹果质量安全生产及监管提出合理化建议.  相似文献   

10.
11.
通过文献检索发现,山药主要病虫害有炭疽病、褐斑病、黑斑病、山药线虫病、根结线虫病,以及甜菜夜蛾、蛴螬害虫,山药有效登记农药产品39个。对山药绿色食品标准和食品安全国家标准中农药残留限量标准进行对比分析发现,有8种农药符合农药使用准则A级绿色食品要求,并梳理了60种有MRLs的农药,以期为绿色食品山药的安全生产和科学合理用药提供参考。  相似文献   

12.
蔬菜农药残留风险评估探讨   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
分析蔬菜农药残留超标的原因,阐述蔬菜农药残留风险评估的过程,探讨加强蔬菜农药残留风险评估工作的对策。  相似文献   

13.
食品中农药残留的风险评估研究进展   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
开展食品中农药残留的风险评估有助于食品安全的风险管理、风险交流和消费者健康。文章综述了欧盟、美国和日本及国际组织有关风险评估的法规基础、评估类型和应用软件研究的最新进展,比较分析了各自的优势与不足。并针对我国风险评估的现状,提出加强职能部门协调、开展风险评估的基础研究和建立相关数据库等建议,为我国食品中农药残留的风险评估提供借鉴。  相似文献   

14.
酒泉戈壁设施番茄农药残留水平分析及膳食摄入风险评估   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
以酒泉市东洞戈壁农业产业园和总寨戈壁农业产业园区设施栽培的118份番茄样本为研究对象,对其中80种农药残留量进行测定分析,利用%ADI和%ARfD对番茄中农药残留水平进行慢性和急性膳食摄入风险评估,以兽药残留风险排序矩阵进行农药和样品风险排序。结果显示,118份番茄样本中有22份样品检出了农药残留,共检出12种农药,其慢性和急性膳食摄入风险均很低。根据农药惨厉风险得分排序、12种农药被分为3类,既高风险农药4种、中风险农药5种、低风险农药 3种。酒泉戈壁设施番茄应重点关注阿维菌素农药的残留。  相似文献   

15.
通过降解动态试验和最终残留量试验,研究了毒死蜱在苹果果实、叶片及树下土壤中的残留降解规律。样品经乙腈提取,毛细柱分离,TSD检测。结果表明,毒死蜱在苹果不同部位中的残留主要集中在果皮部分;在推荐浓度和使用次数下,毒死蜱在果实中的半衰期为24.50天,最低检测限量为0.012mg/kg;毒死蜱在果实、叶片和土壤中的残留量与试药量和次数有关;毒死蜱的残留量与时间有函数关系,随着时间的增加,残留量逐渐减少,整个消解过程呈负指数函数变化;毒死蜱降解速率:叶片>果实>土壤,最终残留量:果实>土壤>叶片。  相似文献   

16.
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The presence of pesticide residues in pears is a serious health concern. This study presents the results from a 2-year investigation (2013–2014) that used gas chromatography, GS/MS and UPLC/MS-MS to measure the levels of 104 pesticides in 310 pear samples. In 93.2% of the samples, 43 pesticides were detected, of which the maximum residue levels (MRLs) were exceeded in 2.6% of the samples. Multiple residues (two to eight compounds) were present in 69.7% of the samples; one sample contained nine pesticides and one sample contained 10. Only 6.8% of the samples did not contain residues. To assess the health risks, the pesticide residue data have been combined with daily pear consumption data for children and adult populations. A deterministic model was used to assess the chronic and acute exposures based on the Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) method. A potential acute risk was demonstrated for children in the case of bifenthrin, which was found to be present at 105.36% of the acute reference dose (ARfD) value. The longterm exposure of the Chinese consumer to pesticide residues through the consumption of raw pears was far below the acceptable daily intake (ADI) criterion. Additionally, the matrix ranking scheme was used to classify risk subgroups of pesticides and pear samples. In general, 95.5% of samples were deemed to be safe and nine pesticides were classified as being of a relatively high risk. The findings indicated that the occurrence of pesticide residues in pears should not be considered a serious public health problem. Nevertheless, a more detailed study is required for vulnerable consumer groups, especially children. Continuous monitoring of pesticides in pears and tighter regulation of pesticide residue standards are recommended. Abstract The presence of pesticide residues in pears is a serious health concern. This study presents the results from a 2-year investigation (2013–2014) that used gas chromatography, GS/MS and UPLC/MS-MS to measure the levels of 104 pesticides in 310 pear samples. In 93.2% of the samples, 43 pesticides were detected, of which the maximum residue levels (MRLs) were exceeded in 2.6% of the samples. Multiple residues (two to eight compounds) were present in 69.7% of the samples; one sample contained nine pesticides and one sample contained 10. Only 6.8% of the samples did not contain residues. To assess the health risks, the pesticide residue data have been combined with daily pear consumption data for children and adult populations. A deterministic model was used to assess the chronic and acute exposures based on the Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR) method. A potential acute risk was demonstrated for children in the case of bifenthrin, which was found to be present at 105.36% of the acute reference dose (ARfD) value. The longterm exposure of the Chinese consumer to pesticide residues through the consumption of raw pears was far below the acceptable daily intake (ADI) criterion. Additionally, the matrix ranking scheme was used to classify risk subgroups of pesticides and pear samples. In general, 95.5% of samples were deemed to be safe and nine pesticides were classified as being of a relatively high risk. The findings indicated that the occurrence of pesticide residues in pears should not be considered a serious public health problem. Nevertheless, a more detailed study is required for vulnerable consumer groups, especially children. Continuous monitoring of pesticides in pears and tighter regulation of pesticide residue standards are recommended.
相似文献   

17.
甲氰菊酯在苹果中残留研究   总被引:13,自引:0,他引:13  
本文对甲氰菊酯在苹果中残留规律进行了研究。苹果中施用甲氰菊酯后,用丙酮与石油醚混合液提取残留物。提取液经液-液分配和柱层析净化,然后用气相色谱仪,电子捕获检测器测定。  相似文献   

18.
近年来,禁用农药毒死蜱在豇豆中被高频检出,已成为豇豆中农残超标率居高不下的关键问题之一.为明确毒死蜱在豇豆播种期、苗期、结荚期使用后的残留及其膳食风险,进行了田间模拟残留试验,将采集的成熟豇豆通过乙腈提取,C18分散净化,经超高效液相色谱-串联质谱方法测定豇豆中毒死蜱残留量,并进行了膳食风险评估.试验结果表明,毒死蜱在...  相似文献   

19.
    
The presence of pesticide residues in pears is a serious health concern. This study presents the results from a 2-year investigation(2013–2014) that used gas chromatography,GS/MS and UPLC/MS-MS to measure the levels of 104 pesticides in 310 pear samples. In 93.2% of the samples,43 pesticides were detected,of which the maximum residue levels(MRLs) were exceeded in 2.6% of the samples. Multiple residues(two to eight compounds) were present in 69.7% of the samples; one sample contained nine pesticides and one sample contained 10. Only 6.8% of the samples did not contain residues. To assess the health risks,the pesticide residue data have been combined with daily pear consumption data for children and adult populations. A deterministic model was used to assess the chronic and acute exposures based on the Joint Meeting on Pesticide Residues(JMPR) method. A potential acute risk was demonstrated for children in the case of bifenthrin,which was found to be present at 105.36% of the acute reference dose(ARf D) value. The longterm exposure of the Chinese consumer to pesticide residues through the consumption of raw pears was far below the acceptable daily intake(ADI) criterion. Additionally,the matrix ranking scheme was used to classify risk subgroups of pesticides and pear samples. In general,95.5% of samples were deemed to be safe and nine pesticides were classified as being of a relatively high risk. The findings indicated that the occurrence of pesticide residues in pears should not be considered a serious public health problem. Nevertheless,a more detailed study is required for vulnerable consumer groups,especially children. Continuous monitoring of pesticides in pears and tighter regulation of pesticide residuestandards are recommended.  相似文献   

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