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果蔬的含糖量、含酸量、含水量和果肉软硬度程度等是表示其内部品质的重要指标,而且这些指标多采用破坏性的物理化学实验方法检测.为此,实验研究了番茄的电特性如相对介电常数、电阻率等与酸度、含糖量、含水率和硬度之间的关系.实验结果表明,番茄的相对介电常数和硬度之间、番茄的损耗角正切值和含酸量之间、番茄的相对介电常数和含酸量之间、番茄的电阻率和含水量之间变化趋势较显著,二次拟合曲线方程相关系数较高.利用DPS数据处理系统进行了逐步回归分析,得出番茄的硬度、含糖量、含酸量、含水量对电阻率的回归方程,为利用电特性进行番茄内部品质的无损检测提供了理论依据. 相似文献
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牛肉含水率的高低不仅直接影响牛肉品质,而且会对消费者造成经济损失。为此,通过实验探究了采用高光谱图像技术对牛肉含水率进行检测的可行性,为检测牛肉品质提供依据。采用82个牛肉后腿样本作为实验材料,按5×4×1cm的规格通过国际烘干法测量其真实含水量,并采集它们的光谱图像;获取样本的光谱信息后,通过ENVI及Mat Lab软件获取感兴趣区域。同时,利用不同的预处理方法,分别建立BP神经网络和偏最小二乘校正模型,通过比对两种模型结果,偏最小二乘校正模型能够更有效预测牛肉含水率,校正集相关系数为0.91,校正标准差为0.121,预测集的相关系数为0.89,预测标准差为0.118。研究结果证实,利用高光谱图像技术可以快速无损检测牛肉含水率。 相似文献
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基于BP神经网络的土壤水热动态预测模型研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
《节水灌溉》2017,(7)
以土壤施氮量、灌水量、土壤各层初始温度、各层初始含水率以及时间作为神经网络的输入因子,以土壤温度、含水率作为输出因子,基于BP神经网络,建立了拓扑结构为17-21-14的BP-W-T预测模型,利用Matlab软件对BP神经网络进行训练,并结合实测值对温度分布和含水率分布进行检验。结果表明:土壤温度预测模型模拟值与实测值的平均相对误差、相关系数和决定系数分别为2.28%~3.36%、0.954~0.972和0.910 2~0.944 7;含水率预测模型模拟值与实测值的平均相对误差、相关系数和决定系数分别为1.87%~3.09%、0.974 3~0.992 6和0.949 3~0.985 2;该预测模型具有较高的预测精度和良好的稳定性,可以较好地描述温度梯度下土壤水热动态变化情况,为预测土壤温度与含水率提供了一条新的途径。 相似文献
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大豆病害诊断是有效防治的先决条件。为此,针对传统BP神经网络在处理高维大豆病害数据时存在的时间复杂度高、诊断准确率低以及误差收敛缓慢且容易出现震荡现象的问题,提出了一种改进方法。该方法首先对高维大豆病害数据进行特征选择,去除"贡献"较小的特征,实现数据降维;然后,对传统BP算法进行改进,根据输出误差动态调整学习速率,并使用改进后的算法建立大豆病害检测模型。经实验测试,该方法在大豆病害诊断测试中准确率达96%以上,且各项统计指标、误差收敛速度及平稳性均优于传统BP神经网络,证明了其可靠性和高效性。 相似文献
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Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
E. Playn O. Prez-Coveta A. Martínez-Cob J. Herrero P. García-Navarro B. Latorre P. Brufau J. Garcs 《Agricultural Water Management》2008,95(6):645-658
Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m−1) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day−1. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day−1), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day−1 was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration. 相似文献
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车用发动机润滑油失效规律与更换周期研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
研究在正常使用条件下10W/30-QC级润滑油用于某型车用发动机时所表现的失效规律,确认期服从两参数Weibull分布,并给出分布的尺度参数η和形状参数m之最佳线性无偏估计(BLUE)同时,还为定量分析,计算车用发动机润滑油的使用可靠性和合理确定其更换周期提供了一套可供借鉴的方法,并给出了具体的计算实例。 相似文献
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赵国杰 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(4):106-107
乡(镇)农技推广体系是农业发展的关键。介绍朝阳市农业技术推广体系的现状,针对目前体制及运行机制、服务手段等方面存在的问题,提出适合朝阳市乡(镇)农技推广体系改革与发展的对策,以期对全省农技推广体系改革和发展起到一些借鉴作用。 相似文献
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苑庆刚 《农业机械化与电气化》2010,(3):52-54
草莓果味酸甜爽口,营养价值高,为人们所喜爱的应市鲜果之一。由于草莓易受损伤和微生物侵染,因此其采收、贮藏过程极为重要。介绍草莓采收过程中的注意事项以及11种贮藏保鲜技术的实施步骤和操作方法,推介9种加工方式,为草莓产业化提供技术支持。 相似文献
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对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明:该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。 相似文献
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对《种子法》存在问题的探讨 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
李鹏 《农业机械化与电气化》2011,(6):129-130
《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。 相似文献
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瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。 相似文献
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在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。 相似文献
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About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered. 相似文献