采用3种干燥器法测定中密度纤维板甲醛释放量的比较分析

笔者对GB 18580(9~11L)干燥器法、JIS A 1460干燥器法与ASTM D 5582干燥器法进行了比较分析,并采用3种不同的干燥器法测定中密度纤维板的甲醛释放量,运用分析软件对检测结果进行了比较与分析,对不同检测方法之间的相关性进行了研究,并建立了数学相关性方程,为人造板的甲醛检测和质量控制提供借鉴。     

气候箱法和干燥器法测试甲醛释放量的比较分析

分别采用1m~3气候箱法和9～11L干燥器法测试强化木地板和实木复合地板的甲醛释放量,并对两种测试方法进行比较分析。结果表明,两种测试方法检测的两种地板甲醛释放量测定值之间,均具有较显著的一元线性关系。在企业内部质量控制时,可采用9～11 L干燥器法替代1 m~3气候箱法监控和测定产品的甲醛释放量;但当产品批次、结构和生产工艺参数发生变化时,线性回归方程尚需调整。     

干燥器法测定木制品甲醛释放量的研究

通过对干燥器法甲醛释放模型的分析 ,探讨并验证影响木制品甲醛释放量的因素 ,分析比较 10L与 4 0L干燥器法测定值的关系。结果表明 :该甲醛释放模型较好地表述了干燥器法中影响甲醛释放的因素 ,甲醛浓度与水体积成反比 ;随水表面积增加 ,甲醛浓度逐渐增加。对于边部面积与表面面积之比相同的试样 ,4 0L与 10L干燥器法甲醛测定值之间存在很好的一元线性关系 ,4 0L干燥器值约为 10L的 3 5～ 3 9倍 ;但对于表面甲醛释放速率不同的试样 ,如果不封边或边部面积与表面积之比不同 ,则 10L与 4 0L干燥器法没有可比性。试样边部释放甲醛的速率明显高于试样表面。对于刨花板和中密度纤维板 (MDF) ,边部释放速率约为表面的 2倍 ;对饰面MDF ,87%以上的甲醛从边部释放 ;对于胶合板 ,约 4 0 %的甲醛从边部释放     

中密度纤维板中氨释放量测定方法研究

企业在生产中使用氨处理来降低中密度纤维板中甲醛释放量的行为,引发了中密度纤维板的氨释放。氨对人体健康有很大的危害,而我国尚无中密度纤维板中的氨释放量检测方法。笔者采用气候箱法、干燥器法、气体分析法对中密度纤维板中氨释放量进行测定,分析不同氨释放量检测方法之间的相关性。结果表明,采用气候箱法、干燥器法、气体分析法能较好地检测出中密度纤维板中氨释放量,并且部分中密度纤维板中的氨释放量较高,同时不同方法测定的氨释放量之间存在一定的换算关系。     

热压工艺参数对三聚氰胺饰面刨花板甲醛释放量的影响

以市售刨花板和三聚氰胺浸渍纸为原料,制备三聚氰胺饰面刨花板.采用L9（34）正交试验考察热压温度、热压时间、热压压力3个热压工艺参数对三聚氰胺板甲醛释放量的影响.采用国家标准（GB/T 17657-1999）《人造板及饰面人造板理化性能试验方法》干燥器法检测甲醛的释放量.试验结果表明,热压温度对甲醛释放量影响最大、热压时间其次、热压压力影响最小,其中热压温度对甲醛释放量有显著影响,热压时间和热压压力的影响并不显著.热压工艺参数提高,会引起热压后的三聚氰胺板前期的甲醛释放量明显升高.确定饰面刨花板甲醛低释放的最优化生产工艺参数为热压温度170℃、热压时间40s、热压压力2.5 MPa.     

三聚氰胺胶膜纸复贴科技木皮甲醛释放量研究

三聚氰胺胶膜纸复贴科技木皮中含有甲醛,可采用干燥器法收集甲醛,用分光光度计法测试甲醛释放量。该研究通过多组实验数据分析,确定样品的数量、测试的时间、温度,得到测试甲醛释放量的最优检测条件,对控制三聚氰胺胶膜纸复贴科技木皮的甲醛释放量有重要意义,推动人造板产业高质量发展。     

人造板甲醛释放量的对比测试

分别采用穿孔萃取法和干燥器法测试了刨花板、高密度纤维板、浸渍胶膜纸饰面刨花板和浸渍纸层压木地板的甲醛释放量。在测试中发现,用穿孔萃取法和干燥器法测甲醛释放量,两者所测得数据之间存在着一定的换算关系。     

人造板甲醛释放量限值及测试方法的发展--主要测试方法

采用科学的方法测定人造板甲醛释放量是科学合理地控制人造板甲醛释放量,使人造板产业得以健康发展的有利保障。通过科学工作者的努力,已研究出许多甲醛释放测试方法,诸如穿孔法、干燥器法、气体分析法、大容量测试室法、WKI法、Roffael法、双缸法、TNO法等。其中有些方法主要用于实验室研究,有些方法因其具有广泛的实用性而已被列为各国人造板甲醛释放量检测标准而得到广泛应用。为了使大家更好地了解人造板甲醛释放量的检测方法,对在实际检测中经常用的方法作一简要介绍。     

人造板甲醛穿孔萃取法与气体分析法的比较与相关性

甲醛释放量是人造板安全性的重要指标。GB18580—2012《室内装饰装修材料人造板及其制品中甲醛释放限量》中规定了4种甲醛测试方法:气候箱法、干燥器法、气体分析法和穿孔萃取法。其中气体分析法和穿孔萃取法是欧洲国家广泛采用的测定方法。气体分析法和穿孔萃取法的检测原理不同,标准规定限量水平也不同。目前,尚未有文献报道两者测定结果之间的对应关系。笔者以中密度纤维板为材料,分别应用穿孔萃取法和气体分析法测定其甲醛释放量,并建立两种测定方法结果之间的相关性和换算关系,     

干燥器法与穿孔萃取法测定中密度纤维板甲醛释放量的相关性研究

分别采用GB 18580标准中的干燥器法和穿孔萃取法检测中密度纤维板的甲醛释放量，并根据两种方法检测出的结果分析其相关性。结果表明，两种检测方法呈显著线性相关。     

Scavengers for achieving zero formaldehyde emission of wood-based panels

This work examines the performance of three formaldehyde scavengers in wood-based panels. Sodium metabisulfite, ammonium bisulfite and urea were applied in different physical forms during particleboard production, and the resulting physico-mechanical properties (internal bond strength, thickness swelling, density and moisture content) and formaldehyde emission levels were compared. Formaldehyde content was measured using the perforator method, and formaldehyde emission was evaluated both by desiccator and gas analysis methods. The chemical reactions involved in each formaldehyde scavenging process are proposed and discussed. The tested scavengers showed distinct performances under the different emission testing conditions, which were interpreted in terms of the stability of the chemical compounds formed upon formaldehyde capture. Sodium metabisulfite proved to be an excellent scavenger for all formaldehyde methods allowing the production of particleboard panels with zero formaldehyde emission.     

Evaluation of formaldehyde emission from particleboard using the large chamber and desiccator method at various loading ratios

We studied formaldehyde emission from uncoated particle-board with 16-mm thickness using the large chamber and the desiccator method. A chamber of 28.4 m 3 was installed to simulate a mobile home. The formaldehyde off-gassing properties of particleboard were evaluated using the chamber. The relationship between the concentration obtained by the chamber and the values by the desiccator test was discussed in this study under different conditions of conditioning day, air exchange, and loading ratio. These two methods were compared and discussed regarding the formaldehyde emission level. Three loading ratios, 0.429m2/m3 , 0.264m 2/m3 , and 0.132 m2/m3 , were chosen to represent different applications of particleboard products. There was strong correlation between emissions and air exchange rates at equal product-loading ratios in the large chamber, the related coefficient R2 exceeded 0.90. There was also an indication of a generic correlation between the large chamber and the two-hour desiccator test with a single product designated loading ratio, air exchange rate, and climatic conditions.     

Formaldehyde emission from wood products: relationship between the values by the Chamber method and those by the Desiccator test

The formaldehyde off-gassing properties of various wood products were evaluated under environment conditions that simulate conditions of mobile home. The formaldehyde concentrations observed in the chamber were correlated to the 24-h desiccator formaldehyde potentials. It was found that 24-h desiccator values did correlate to formaldehyde levels in the chamber at a given temperature, relative humidity, air change rate, and sample loading. The 24-h desiccator method correlated to each other for a given wood product. Formaldehyde levels of wood products tested in combination reflected the levels of the highest single emitter. Formaldehyde concentrations from combinations of particleboards and plywood panels may be predicted from their single chamber K factor using the modified Hoetjer equation. Double loading of a single wood product did not double the chamber concentration at the low air change rate and sample loading. Finally, the formaldehyde concentrations observed in the chamber under conditions that simulated mobile loadings of wood product, air change rate, temperature, and humidity relate to real wood formaldehyde levels.     

不同产地的2种灌木柳品种抗旱性初步研究

通过对不同产地北沙柳、黄柳一年生无性系扦插苗的成活率、高生长量等生长指标和干物质积累量,应用隶属函数法进行了抗旱性评价,认为不同产地灌木柳无性系苗的成活率、干物质积累量、高生长量、地径等指标均存在不同程度的差异;其中伊金霍洛旗掌岗图、达拉特旗响沙湾和解放滩产地的北沙柳具有良好的生长表现,是抗旱性较强的北沙柳产地,可用于西部干旱沙区造林推广;辽宁章古台和呼伦贝尔市鄂温克产地的黄柳在试验中表现出较好的抗旱性,原本处于半湿润区的黄柳定植到干旱的沙区还能表现出很好的抗旱性,可以在东部湿润沙区进行推广。     

穿孔萃取法测定甲醛释放量影响因素的探讨

文章采用穿孔萃取法研究不同影响因素对人造板甲醛释放量检测结果的影响,结果表明：碘量法和光度法测得的甲醛释放量差异显著;甲醛释放量随萃取温度的升高而升高;硫代硫酸钠浓度、乙酸铵浓度、乙酰丙酮用量对测定结果影响显著;乙酸铵试剂用量的微小差别对测试结果影响不明显。     

甲醛释放量穿孔法和抽吸法测定值的相关性

分别采用穿孔法和抽吸法测定了中密度纤维板的甲醛释放量值,测试结果表明,用穿孔法和抽吸法测得的甲醛释放量,两者所得数据之间有很好的相关性,存在着一定的换算关系。同时,测试结果显示:一张板材内不同位置甲醛释放量值存在较大的差异。     

甲醛清除触媒在清除人造板中游离甲醛的试验研究

清除人造板中甲醛的后处理试验结果表明,喷涂甲醛清除触媒后的人造板物理力学性能没有明显变化,甲醛清除触媒对不同种类人造板释放出的甲醛清除效果相同,E3级胶合板喷涂甲醛清除触媒后的甲醛释放量小于（等于）0.12mg/L,清除率大于99．08％。     

Utilization of pine (Pinus pinea L.) cone in manufacture of wood based composite

Physical and mechanical properties of medium density fiberboards (MDF) made from various mixtures of wood fibers and stone pine (Pinus pinea L.) cones were evaluated using European standards. MDF panels were manufactured using standardized procedures that simulated industrial production at the laboratory. Six panel types were made from mixtures of wood fiber/cone flour, 100/0, 90/10, 80/20, 70/30, 60/40, and 50/50 percents, respectively. Addition of the cone flour into the MDF significantly reduced formaldehyde emission from the panel. In addition, the addition of 10% cone flour also improved water resistance of the MDF panels made using urea–formaldehyde (UF) resin. However, further addition of the cone flour into the panel negatively influenced their water resistance. Flexural properties and internal bond strength decreased with the increase of cone flour content in the panel. The UF resin is the main source of formaldehyde emission from the UF-bonded wood-based panels. Depending on addition of the cone flour in the panels, the formaldehyde emission values ranged from 2.6% to 55.3% lower than the panels made from 100% wood fiber. Based on the findings obtained from this study, pine cone can be used as a renewable biological formaldehyde catcher as an alternative to the traditional formaldehyde catchers for E1 Class MDF manufacture.