我国草原改革发展的推进策略

党的十七届三中全会从中国特色社会主义事业总体布局和全面建设小康社会战略全局出发,以推进农村改革发展为主题,作出了推进农村改革发展若干重大问题的决定,进一步明确了新时期下推进农村改革发展的指导思想、目标任务、重大原则和战略举措,这是以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央对在新的历史起点上推进农村改革发展作出的全面部署.认真贯彻落实三中全会精神,是深入学习实践科学发展观的重要体现,也是做好草原保护建设工作,大力推进草原改革发展的根本要求.     

《陇上百村纪事》征文启事

新中国成立70年来,我国农村发生了翻天覆地的变化。为了集中展示甘肃省农业农村改革发展所取得巨大成就,为全面建成小康社会和打嬴打好脱贫攻坚战提振信心,甘肃农业出版传媒有限公司计划编辑出版新中国成立70周年大型报告文学《陇上百村纪事》。一、征稿主题(一)以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导,总结经验、乘势而上,继续推进农业农村现代化,坚定不移深化改革。     

中共中央 国务院关于加快发展现代农业进一步增强农村发展活力的若干意见

全面贯彻落实党的十八大精神,坚定不移沿着中国特色社会主义道路前进,为全面建成小康社会而奋斗,必须固本强基,始终把解决好农业农村农民问题作为全党工作重中之重,把城乡发展一体化作为解决"三农"问题的根本途径;必须统筹协调,促进工业化、信息化、城镇化、农业现代化同步发展,着力强化现代农业基础支撑,深入推进社会主义新农村建设。党的十六大以来,我们深入贯彻落实科学发     

畜牧业应在新一轮农业结构调整中争先发展

党的十七届三中全会,站在加快建设有中国特色社会主义和全面建设小康社会的历史方位,从战略的高度全面部署了新一轮农村改革和发展.翻开了我国改革开放崭新的一页,成为我国农村改革发展的又一分水岭,具有划时代的里程碑意义.     

农业产业化是发展农村经济的必由之路

农业产业化是发展农村经济的必由之路四川尹业高胡争秒农业产业化，是我国广大农民在邓小平建设有中国特色的社会主义理论指引下，在推进农村改革和解放农村生产力的实践中，继家庭联产承包责任制、大力发展乡镇企业之后的又一伟大创举。它不仅能促进农业自身发展，还能带...     

全面推进农业农村法治建设

正民族要复兴,乡村必振兴。解决好"三农"问题是作为全党工作重中之重,全面推进乡村振兴是实现中华民族伟大复兴的一项重大任务,让广大农民过上更加美好的生活。走中国特色社会主义乡村振兴道路,要充分发挥法治在我国农业农村现代化进程中固根本、稳预期、利长远的重要作用,全面推进农业农村法治建设,有效发挥法治对农业高质量发展的支撑作用、对农村改革的引领作用、对乡村治理的保障作用、对政府职能转变的促进作用,为全面推进乡村振兴、加快农业农村现代化提供了有力法治保障。     

基层农村文化建设浅谈

2007年党的十七大的胜利召开,对社会主义新农村建设做了重要部署。发展农村社会事业的一个重要内容就是促进农村文化建设,农村文化建设是农村社会事业的重要组成部分,也是建设社会主义新农村的重要内容。加强农村文化建设是全面小康社会建设的内在要求,是树立和落实科学发展观、构建社会主义和谐社会的重要内容,是满足广大人民群众精神文化需求的有效途径。当前我们要认真学习宣传贯彻党的十七大精神,坚定不移地落实科学发展观,以十七大精神为指导,扎扎实实推进社会主义新农村建设,切实加强农村文化建设。以下我对农村基层文化建设的现状及应对措施做简要分析。     

胡春华在庆祝农村改革40周年座谈会上强调:扎实推进新一轮农村改革

庆祝农村改革40周年座谈会2018年12月10日在京召开,中共中央政治局委员、国务院副总理胡春华出席会议并讲话。他强调,40年来农村改革取得巨大成就,积累了宝贵经验。在以乡村振兴开启城乡融合发展和现代化建设新局面的新时代,要坚持以习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想为指导,按照党中央、国务院的决策部署,以更坚定的信心、更有力的措施推进新一轮农村改革,为加快农业农村现代化、推动乡村全面振兴不断注入新动力。胡春华指出,新时代深化农村改革要求更加迫切、任务更为艰巨,必须进一步解放思想、加大力度,扎实有序向前推进。要突出抓好农民合作社和家庭农场发展,加强面向小农户的社会化服务,赋予双层经营体制新的内涵,巩固和完善农村基本经营制度。     

中共中央国务院关于做好2023 年全面推进乡村振兴重点工作的意见

党的二十大擘画了以中国式现代化全面推进中华民族伟大复兴的宏伟蓝图。全面建设社会主义现代化国家，最艰巨最繁重的任务仍然在农村。世界百年未有之大变局加速演进，我国发展进入战略机遇和风险挑战并存、不确定难预料因素增多的时期，守好“三农”基本盘至关重要、不容有失。党中央认为，必须坚持不懈把解决好“三农”问题作为全党工作重中之重，举全党全社会之力全面推进乡村振兴，加快农业农村现代化。强 国必先强农，农强方能国强。要立足国情农情，体现中国特色，建设供给保障强、科技装备强、经营体系强、 产业韧性强、竞争能力强的农业强国。     

关于深化油田改革的几点思考

2008年是中国改革开放30周年纪念,中国将举行盛大的庆祝活动,对30年的改革开放历程进行全面总结和客观评价,更加坚定不移的坚持走中国特色社会主义道路。胜利油田作为中石化的"龙头"企业,关系着中国石化改革发展的大局,多年来,胜利油田始终坚持以改革促发展,深化改革的步伐一直没有停止过。     

Anaesthesia and analgesia of the donkey and the mule

The number of donkeys and mules throughout the world is stable, and awareness of their use and concern for welfare, pain recognition and treatment are receiving increasing veterinary interest. Therefore, accurate information about anaesthesia and analgesia in donkeys and mules is important to ever more equine practitioners. Since donkeys are physiologically and pharmacologically different from horses, knowledge on species specific aspects of anaesthesia and analgesia are very important. Mules combine elements from both donkey and horse backgrounds, leading to great diversity in size, temperament and body type. Physiologically, they seem to resemble horses more than donkeys. This review highlights the current knowledge on various anaesthetic and analgesic approaches in donkeys and mules. There is still much information that is not available about donkeys; in many circumstances, the clinician must use available equine information to treat the patient, while monitoring carefully to observe for differences in response to therapy compared to the horse.     

Ultrasonographic examination of the caecum and the proximal and spiral ansa of the colon of cattle

The large intestine of 10 cows was examined from the right abdominal wall with a 3.5 MHz linear transducer. The cows were then slaughtered, and the organs were re-examined in a water bath. The caecum was visualised from the middle region of the abdominal wall. It ran caudo-cranially, varied in diameter from 5.2 to 18.0 cm and was situated immediately adjacent to the abdominal wall. The lateral wall of the caecum appeared as a thick, echogenic, crescent-shaped line. It could be visualised as far cranially as the 12th intercostal space. Although its junction could not be identified, the proximal ansa of the colon was recognised on the basis of its anatomical position and its diameter, which was smaller than that of the caecum. The spiral ansa of the colon and the descending colon were situated dorsal to the caecum and could be identified by moving the transducer horizontally along the abdominal wall to the last rib. The spiral ansa of the colon was situated ventral to the descending colon, and its walls appeared as thick echogenic lines. In a contracted state, the spiral colon had the appearance of a garland.     

The behavior and the husbandry conditions of small laboratory animals--possibilities and limits of the evaluation of the appropriateness and fairness of the treatment of animals

Ethological studies are important means to evaluate the behaviour of small laboratory animals (mouse, rat, guinea-pig and rabbit) and their housing conditions. At any rate, the only sparse range of body expressions, the smallness and preference of night activity of these animals and the erratic occurrence of essential behaviour patterns make the investigations more difficult. On the other hand, the standardization of laboratory housing and the genetic definition of these animals turn out to be favourable. By this way, behaviour-environment-relationships are suitable for evaluation. Taking into consideration methodical and biological restrictions, the specific activities such as fight, relaxed resting behaviour and play as well as unbalanced behaviour patterns and stereotypes can be taken as means of evaluation. Particularly in mice and rabbits, upright position and space consuming activities will be possibly restricted by cage sizes.     

Effects of age and diet on the development of the pancreas and the synthesis and secretion of pancreatic enzymes in the young pig

Effects of age and diet composition on amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin activities in the pancreas and intestinal contents, pancreas weights and body weights were determined from birth to 56 d. A total of 120 pigs, five to seven pigs/litter from 18 litters, were slaughtered at birth, 14, 27, 29, 31, 42 and 56 d. Litters were allotted to dietary treatments (corn-soy, A; corn-soy + 20% dried whey, B; corn-soy + 5% lard, C) and offered these diets as creep feed at 14 d. All pigs were weaned at 28 d, placed in elevated nursery pens and fed their respective diets. Total activities of amylase, trypsin and chymotrypsin in the pancreas and small intestine increased (P less than .05) with age. Both trypsin and amylase activities, measured per kilogram body weight or gram pancreas weight, were low at 29 d in the intestine and increased to 56 d. Pigs on diet B had the highest level of trypsin and chymotrypsin in the intestinal contents (P less than .05). Trypsin activity in the pancreas (units/kg body weight) was lowest (P less than .05) for pigs on diet B and highest (P less than .05) for those on diet C (units/g pancreas and units/kg body weight). Amylase activity (units/kg body weight) was lower (P less than .05) in the pancreas for pigs on diet B than for those on diets A and C. Pigs on diet A had lower (P less than .01) intestinal amylase activities than those on diets B and C. Enzyme activities in the intestinal contents and pancreas were low following weaning. In the pancreas, activities decreased at 31 d.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)     

Relation between the concentration of sodium and potassium in the erythrocytes of dairy cows and the concentration of these elements in the plasma and urine and the level of blood glucose

Blood and urine samples of 180 dairy cows from 12 herds were examined. Sodium and potassium concentrations were determined in erythrocytes, whole blood, plasma, urine, and glucose concentration in blood: the interrelations were compared. Sodium and potassium concentrations in erythrocytes were 85.15 +/- 11.45 mmol/l, and 25.93 +/- 7.81 mmol/l, respectively. A statistically significant relation was found between sodium and potassium concentrations in erythrocytes (r = 0.3467+++) and the content of electrolyte in blood cells and in whole blood (Na: r = 0.5336+++; K: r = 0.3561+++). No statistically significant relation of intraerythrocyte concentration of both electrolytes was confirmed with respect to the other characteristics (sodium and potassium concentrations in plasma and urine, and glucose concentration in blood). In the conditions of routine laboratory diagnostics in clinically healthy cows, determinations of intraerythrocyte sodium and potassium do not broaden possibilities of evaluating the metabolic state of these electrolytes and cannot be used as the characteristics of energy insufficiency. The cannot replace the analyses performed in serum and urine.     

貉,蓝狐,银狐的胃及十二指肠内嗜银细胞形态分布的研究

本文应用Ｆｏｒｔａｎａ—Ｍａｓｓｏｎ嗜银颗粒染色法研究了貉、蓝狐、银狐的胃及十二指肠内嗜银细胞的形态分布。结果表明：三种动物胃幽门腺中，嗜根细胞数量最多，呈锥状，嗜银颗粒较粗，密度大、染成深黑色。在胃底及胃贲门腺区、嗜银细胞数量少。在十二指肠部嗜银细胞呈蝌蚪形，嗜银颗粒细，呈黑褐色，密度较小。嗜银细胞的分布密度在三种动物中具有一定的差别。     

Liquid flow and capacity of the caecum and colon of the horse

The rate of flow of fluid from the caecum and from the large colon was measured in four Shetland-type ponies fed a hay diet. In two ponies with cannulas in the caecum and at the origin of the right ventral colon, a continuous intracaecal infusion of a solution of chromium EDTA was used and samples were obtained from the cannula at the origin of the right ventral colon. Based on four determinations, the liquid flow from the caecum was 54.2 +/- 1.89 litres d-1. In the other two ponies with cannulas in the origin of the right ventral colon and near the end of the right dorsal colon, a continuous infusion of chromium EDTA was made into the right ventral colon and samples were obtained from the right dorsal colon. The flow rate towards the end of the dorsal colon was 49.4 +/- 1.25 litres d-1, based on four determinations. The capacities of the caecum and large colon after death were 7.0 +/- 0.8 and 17.7 +/- 3.7 litres, respectively.     

Conduction velocities and reflexes of the proximal and distal parts of the saphenous nerve of the dog

The maximal conduction velocities of compound-action potentials in the proximal and distal parts of the saphenous nerve were determined by averaging potentials evoked and recorded through needle electrodes. Antidromic, triphasic compound-action potentials unipolarly recorded from the distal part of the saphenous nerve were of the same minimal latency as potentials having 4 phases which were recorded bipolarly from the same site. However, the unipolarly recorded potentials were of greater amplitude. Monophasic compound-action potentials were recorded through bipolar chlorided silver electrodes from the surface of fascicles of the distal part of the saphenous nerve. The maximal conduction velocity of these potentials was in agreement with the conduction velocity of compound-action potentials of the distal part of the saphenous nerve which were evoked and recorded through subcutaneous needle electrodes. The specificities of the stimulating and recording sites were verified by recording before and after the saphenous nerve was cut between the stimulating and recording sites. Mean conduction velocities were 62.3 +/- 2.0 m/s for the distal part of the saphenous nerve and 66.3 +/- 2.2 m/s for the proximal part of the saphenous nerve. Reflex-evoked muscle activity was elicited in the ipsilateral tensor muscle of the fascia lata and semimembranous muscle after electrical stimulation of the saphenous nerve through subcutaneous needle electrodes. The effects of various stimulus intensities on the latency and duration of these reflex-evoked muscle potentials were determined.