不同年代棉花品种磷效率比较

提高磷肥利用率是当今农田磷养分资源管理面临的重要难题,作物品种改良是提高磷利用率的有效途径之一。为明确新疆不同年代棉花品种(系)磷效率的差异,采用单因素随机区组设计,通过大田试验,以新疆1950s—2013年不同年代的22个棉花品种(系)为材料,研究了不同年代培育的棉花品种(系)在苗期、蕾期、花铃期和吐絮期的磷吸收、利用效率特征,并采用模糊数学隶属函数和聚类分析方法,对不同棉花品种(系)磷效率的高低进行了综合评价。结果表明:不同棉花品种(系)磷吸收效率、利用效率、磷由茎叶向籽粒的转移效率(再转移效率)存在差异。吐絮期磷吸收效率为164.26～395.75 mg·株~(-1),变异系数为3.3%;磷利用效率为0.25～0.40 g·mg~(-1),变异系数为67.7%;磷再转移效率为16.0%～58.1%,变异系数为11.1%。以每20年为一个时期,划分了3个品种更替阶段,棉花磷利用效率在3个阶段没有发生明显改变,始终维持在0.30～0.32 g·mg~(-1);磷吸收效率由225.5 mg·株~(-1)增加到286.3 mg·株~(-1),提高了27.0%;磷由根系向地上部的转移效率(转移效率)没有发生明显改变,始终维持在93.9%～94.9%;磷再转移效率由26.8%增加到38.3%;磷经济利用效率由20.6 mg·mg~(-1)增加到30.4 mg·mg~(-1)。相关性分析表明:不同棉花品种(系)生物量与磷吸收效率呈显著正相关,而与磷利用效率无显著的相关性;皮棉产量与磷吸收效率、转移效率、再转移效率、经济利用效率呈极显著正相关,而与磷利用效率相关性不明显。对22个棉花品种(系)吐絮期生物量、皮棉产量、磷吸收利用效率及转移效率和经济利用效率等性状指标的综合评价和聚类分析,将22个品种(系)分为磷高效型、中效型、低效型和极低效型4组,‘新陆早50号’‘新陆早57号’‘军棉1号’为磷高效型品种。与磷低效组相比,磷高效组的品种具有较高的生物量和产量。以上结果表明,新疆棉花高产育种过程提高了磷素吸收、再转移和经济利用效率。     

不同玉米基因型的磷效率和相对生物性状的差异及其回归模型研究

以32个不同玉米基因型为材料,在低磷和高磷两个供磷水平下,分析不同玉米基因型生物学性状和磷效率的基因型差异,根据相对生物学性状与磷效率,磷吸收效率和磷利用效率与磷效率进行多元线性回归分析,分别建立它们的最优回归方程,同时进行耐低磷基因型的筛选。结果表明,相对株高、相对地上部干重、相对地下部干重和相对叶龄基因型间变异范围分别为0.3090～0.9780、0.3140～0.947、0.3671～1.400和0.4550～0.790;磷效率、磷吸收效率和磷利用效率基因型间变异范围分别为0.1960～0.935、0.8794～4.235和0.6211～1.764。相对地下部干重对磷效率的回归系数显著,建立磷效率与相对地下部干重的最优回归模型为:Y=-0.087+0.702X3,(P0.05;R2=0.6549);磷吸收效率和磷利用效率对磷效率的偏回归系数均显著,建立磷效率与磷吸收效率和磷利用效率二者的最优回归模型为:Y=-0.379+0.274.X1+0.301.X2,(P0.05;R2=0.7390)。耐低磷基因型的筛选结果表明,待选材料中,磷效率和相对生物性状都优良的只有178和082两个基因型,其他大部分基因型的磷效率和相对生物性状都是中低类型。     

磷高效基因型玉米的筛选研究

田间试验表明,在中等肥力的土壤上,38个玉米自交系的产量频率分布基本符合正态分布,从中选择出22个典型,且具有代表性的自交系用于磷高效基因型的研究。结果表明,玉米的生物产量及子粒产量差异显著,在不施磷肥的条件下,综合考虑子粒减产率(耐低磷力)和高于平均产量的百分率(品种适应性)两项分级指标,筛选出4个磷高效的玉米自交系:交51、苏37、035 6、5311。经DPS系统的多因素分析,在玉米苗期进行品种筛选的重要指标是生物量、根冠比及叶面积指数,其累积贡献率达到95%,但磷浓度、磷吸收效率和磷利用效率的累积贡献率不足5%,难以作为磷高效基因型玉米的筛选指标。     

磷高效基因型玉米的筛选研究

田间试验表明，在中等肥力的土壤上，38个玉米自交系的产量频率分布基本符合正态分布，从中选择出22个典型，且具有代表性的自交系用于磷高效基因型的研究。结果表明，玉米的生物产量及子粒产量差异显著，在不施磷肥的条件下，综合考虑子粒减产率(耐低磷力)和高于平均产量的百分率(品种适应性)两项分级指标，筛选出4个磷高效的玉米自交系：交51、苏37、035—6、5311。经DPS系统的多因素分析，在玉米苗期进行品种筛选的重要指标是生物量、根冠比及叶面积指数，其累积贡献率达到95％，但磷浓度、磷吸收效率和磷利用效率的累积贡献率不足5％．难以作为磷高效基因型玉米的筛冼指标。     

分室磷添加下菌根对滇池流域红壤间作玉米生长及磷素利用的影响

随着全球范围内磷矿资源短缺问题的日益严重,间作或菌根技术强化作物对土壤磷(P)的利用及增产增收的效应受到越来越多的关注。通过三室隔网盆栽模拟试验研究了分室磷处理[不添加磷(P0)、添加有机磷(OP50)、添加无机磷(IOP50)]和根室不接种(NM)、根室接种丛枝菌根真菌Glomus mosseae(GM)对与大豆间作的玉米的生长及磷素利用的影响。研究结果表明:所有复合处理中,以间作?GM?IOP50组合处理下的玉米根系最短和地上部生物量最高;OP50处理下,间作玉米的菌根侵染率显著高于单作处理。间作条件下,无论分室磷添加与否,接种GM处理的玉米地上部生物量明显高于NM处理;接种GM处理的玉米根系生物量和株高均显著高于NM处理,且根系生物量以间作?GM?OP50组合处理下最高。接种GM条件下,P0、IOP50、OP50处理下的间作植株生物量较单作处理分别提高45.98%、111.33%、33.56%。单作条件下,无论分室磷添加与否,接种GM处理的玉米地上部磷含量均显著高于NM处理;无论何种种植模式及分室磷添加与否,接种GM处理的植物根系磷含量均显著高于NM处理。无论磷添加与否,间作?GM组合条件下的玉米地上部磷吸收量均显著较高,其中IOP50处理下的地上部磷吸收量显著高于OP50处理。间作?GM组合条件下,IOP50处理玉米根系的磷吸收效率均显著高于OP50处理。可见,接种GM、分室磷添加和间作各自在一定程度上促进了玉米的生长。综合菌根侵染、生物量及磷含量与吸收量、磷吸收效率等指标,所有复合处理中以间作?GM?IOP50组合对玉米地上部的促生作用最好,玉米磷素吸收最多,可望有效强化滇池流域红壤坡耕地磷素的利用。     

不同基因型棉花磷效率的差异特征

以水培方法研究不同施磷水平对不同基因型棉花4个生育期干物质积累和磷效率的影响。结果表明,无论低磷条件或是高磷条件磷高效基因型棉花的生物量明显高于磷低效基因型,磷高效基因型含磷量显著低于磷低效基因型,说明高效基因型棉花能以较低的磷积累较多的干物质。各基因型棉花均表现出高磷条件下磷吸收效率大于低磷,而低磷条件下磷利用效率大于高磷;磷高效型品种的磷吸收效率和磷利用效率均高于磷低效型。其中磷吸收效率表现突出的是磷高效品种新陆早19号,4个时期中,低磷和高磷条件的平均值分别是14.62、137.48 mg/株;磷利用效率能力较强的是磷高效品种中棉42号,低磷和高磷条件下4个时期的平均值分别是590.71、182.27 g/g。     

缺磷对不同耐低磷玉米基因型酸性磷酸酶活性的影响

【目的】酸性磷酸酶活性与土壤及植株体内有机磷的分解和再利用有着密切的关系。本研究以不同耐低磷玉米自交系为材料,研究低磷胁迫下玉米叶片、根组织内以及根系分泌酸性磷酸酶活性的变化及基因型差异,探讨酸性磷酸酶与玉米耐低磷之间的关系,以期更深入地了解玉米耐低磷的生理机制。【方法】以5个典型耐低磷自交系99180T、99239T、99186T、99327T、99184T和2个磷敏感自交系99152S、99270S为试验材料,采用营养液培养方法,设正常磷和低磷两种处理,分别于缺磷处理3、8和12 d时调查取样,测定地上部干重、根干重、叶片中无机磷(Pi)含量、根和地上部磷累积量、根系分泌APase活性以及叶片中APase活性,并于缺磷处理12 d测定根系内APase活性。【结果】1)缺磷使玉米地上部干重下降,根干重、根冠比增加,随着缺磷处理(3 d→8 d→12 d)时间的延长,根干重、根冠比增加幅度增大,且耐低磷自交系根干重增加幅度普遍大于敏感自交系。2)低磷条件下,玉米自交系磷吸收、利用效率存在基因型差异,耐低磷自交系99239T、99180T和99327T磷吸收效率较高,99186T和99184T磷利用效率高,敏感自交系99152S、99270S磷吸收和利用效率均较低。3)低磷处理使玉米自交系叶片无机磷(Pi)含量显著下降,耐低磷自交系99184T、99327T和99239T下降幅度较小,相对叶片无机磷含量较高。4)缺磷诱导玉米根系分泌的APase活性升高。耐低磷自交系99184T和99186T根系分泌APase活性升高幅度较大,其余3个耐低磷自交系未表现出明显优势。缺磷处理3 d、8 d,玉米根系分泌APase活性与磷累积量显著正相关,而12 d时相关性不显著;根系分泌APase活性与磷利用效率在缺磷处理12d时达显著正相关。说明玉米根系分泌APase活性与磷吸收、利用效率相关关系不稳定。5)缺磷处理12 d,各玉米自交系根组织内APase活性与根系分泌APase活性变化情况较一致,两者相关系数r=0.755(P0.05)。6)缺磷条件下各玉米自交系叶片组织内APase活性均有升高趋势,并表现出明显的基因型差异。缺磷处理8 d,耐低磷自交系99184T和99239T叶片组织内APase活性升高幅度最大,其次是99327T和99186T,99180T、99270S和99152S升高幅度较小;缺磷处理12 d,各玉米自交系叶片APase活性仍继续增加,99239T、99184T、99327T和99186T的相对APase活性均较高,99270S和99152S的相对APase活性较低。相关性分析表明,缺磷条件下玉米自交系叶片中相对APase活性与叶片中相对无机磷(Pi)含量显著正相关,与磷吸收、利用效率不显著相关。【结论】低磷诱导玉米叶片、根组织和根系分泌APase活性升高,根组织和根系分泌APase活性的大小与玉米耐低磷能力不完全相关,叶片APase活性与玉米耐低磷能力有较好的一致性。     

低磷胁迫对不同磷效率基因型烟草苗期生长及生理特征的影响

为揭示不同磷效率烟草对低磷胁迫的响应机理,以磷高效且耐低磷基因型K326和云烟105及磷低效且低磷敏感基因型G28和中烟101为试验材料,设置低磷(0.01 mmol·L^-1,LP)和正常磷(1.00 mmol·L^-1,NP)2个处理,研究不同磷效率基因型烟草苗期主要农艺性状及生理指标对低磷处理的反应。结果表明,磷高效基因型的农艺指标(株高、地上部干重、根系干重等)在2种处理中均显著高于磷低效基因型,表明磷高效基因型在LP和NP水平下均能较好生长,对磷素具有较高的吸收或利用效率;在LP下,磷高效基因型的主根长增幅较大,干重、株高等降幅较小,即磷高效品种的生长受低磷影响较小,耐低磷性较强。在生理指标方面,LP条件下磷高效基因型的3种保护酶[过氧化氢酶(CAT)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)]和酸性磷酸酶(ACP)活性及可溶性糖和游离脯氨酸含量的增幅较磷低效基因型大,丙二醛(MDA)含量的增幅较小,可溶性蛋白含量、根系活力的降幅较小,水培营养液的pH值降幅较大;磷高效基因型的农艺性状及生理指标的耐低磷指数均高于磷低效基因型。综上,在低磷胁迫中,磷高效基因型烟草具有较强的活性氧清除能力,可累积较多渗透调节物质以维持细胞渗透势,较好地保护细胞,增强体内ACP活性,提高对磷素的吸收利用效率,维持自身的正常生长与代谢。本研究结果为烟草磷素高效吸收利用提供了一定的理论依据。     

石灰性土壤施用不同磷肥对玉米苗期生长和土壤无机磷组分的影响

研究旨在探讨不同磷肥品种对玉米生长发育和土壤无机磷组分的影响,以期为磷肥高效利用提供参考。采用盆栽试验,设置6个处理:磷酸一铵(MAP)、过磷酸钙(SSP)、聚磷酸铵(APP)、氮磷复合肥硝酸磷肥(NiP)、硫酸铵+过磷酸钙混施(SA+P),试验60天后测定了玉米的生物学指标和玉米植株磷素含量,同时测定了土壤有效磷与土壤无机磷组分含量状况。结果表明:玉米生物学性状、磷素累积量和磷肥利用效率均表现出APPMAP、NiPSSP、SA+PCK的趋势。相较于对照,APP、MAP、NiP处理显著提高玉米植株的株高、叶面积、地上部和根系干重,株高增幅在23.3～35.1 cm,叶面积增加57.1～89.0 cm~2,地上部和根系干重分别增加265%～420%和171%～218%。APP处理植株磷素累积量达到49.02 mg/盆,磷肥利用效率达到36.75%,显著高于NiP和MAP的21.43%和19.42%。相较于对照,APP和MAP处理的Ca_2—P、Ca_8—P和Fe—P呈显著性增加,上述3种无机磷组分含量与玉米植株磷累积量呈极显著正相关关系(p0.001)。北方石灰性土壤聚磷酸铵(APP)是一种表现良好的磷肥类型,这对减磷增效背景下的粮食安全和磷肥高效利用有重要应用价值。     

施氮活化根际土壤磷素促进粗齿冷水花的磷素积累

【目的】施氮可增强磷富集植物的磷积累能力,研究施氮对磷富集植物根际生物化学特性的影响,为解析氮素营养促进磷富集植物修复磷过剩土壤提供科学依据。【方法】以磷富集植物矿山生态型粗齿冷水花(ME)为试验材料,以非矿山生态型(NME)为对照。采用土培盆栽试验,分别设施氮(N) 0和140 mg/kg,施磷(P) 0、400、800、1200 mg/kg,共组成8个氮磷组合处理。分析植株地上部和地下部磷含量,根际和非根际土壤磷组分、酶活性和微生物活性的变化。【结果】1)在高磷处理下,两种生态型粗齿冷水花的生长和磷吸收受到抑制,而施氮提高了两种生态型植株对高磷的耐性,增加了其生物量和磷积累量;相比不施氮,施氮处理下ME地上部生物量和磷积累量最大增幅分别为72.5%和78.7%,NME最大增幅分别为80.1%和125.6%。施氮处理下,ME地上部生物量和磷积累量在施磷800 mg/kg时最大,分别为27.2 g/plant和193.8 mg/plant,且显著高于相同处理下的NME,分别是NME的1.18和1.24倍。2)施氮可提高两种生态型植株根际土壤水溶性磷和NaHCO₃提...     

The combination of localized phosphorus and water supply indicates a high potential for savings of irrigation water and phosphorus fertilizer

Water and phosphorus (P) are often unevenly distributed in the soil profile, thus limiting water and P uptake and plant growth. A soil column and a split‐root experiment were conducted to quantify the effect of localized water and P supply on shoot growth, root morphology, specific P uptake (SPU), P‐use efficiency (PUE), and water‐use efficiency (WUE) of maize (Zea mays L.). Our results indicate that roots preferentially grow in the layer or compartment with both adequate water and P supply, subsequently stimulating SPU, PUE, and WUE, and enhancing shoot growth. Compared with the treatments in which both layers and compartments were supplied with adequate P and/or water, the growth of maize was maintained or minimally affected. SPU, PUE, and WUE were increased when both P and water were supplied in one layer or one compartment only. These findings show that normal plant growth with an adequate P uptake was achieved even if part of the roots were supplied with 2/3 (soil column experiment) and 1/2 (split‐root experiment) of the phosphorus and water supplied in the full‐phosphorus and full‐water treatment. Changes in root morphology under water stress conditions induced by the application of phosphorus and water in deeper soil layers or to a part of the roots may have substantial practical implications for agricultural production and environmental protection.     

陕A群、陕B群选育的玉米自交系氮效率评价

为阐明不同类型玉米自交系氮效率差异特征,筛选氮高效的玉米自交系,以陕A群、陕B群选育的33份玉米自交系为材料,以4份骨干自交系(‘郑58’、‘昌7-2’、‘PH6WC’和‘PH4CV’)为对照,调查了2种施肥条件下[0 kg(N)·hm?2、180 kg(N)·hm?2]玉米自交系的穗位叶SPAD值、叶面积、干物质积累量、叶片、茎秆和籽粒氮含量等生理指标。利用主成分分析和模糊隶属函数,采用逐步回归分析方法建立最优回归方程,筛选耐低氮性综合评价指标。结果表明:穗位叶SPAD值、吐丝期绿叶面积、吐丝期茎干重、吐丝期叶干重和籽粒氮含量,可作为玉米自交系耐低氮能力的第2性状筛选指标。以产量作为第1性状指标,可将37份玉米自交系划分为14份高产氮高效型,5份低产氮高效型,15份低产氮低效型和3份高产氮低效型。以耐低氮能力综合值D值筛选,将37份玉米自交系可分成3种类型,其中耐低氮能力较强的15份(D值≥0.5),耐低氮能力中等的15份(0.35≤D值0.5),耐低氮能力较差的7份(D值0.35)。综合分析,2种施氮条件下,‘KB215’、‘KB417’、‘KA225’、‘KB081’和‘L123098-2’5份玉米自交系具有吐丝期绿叶面积大,吐丝期茎叶干重、籽粒氮含量高和籽粒产量高,耐低氮能力强的特点。因此,强化育种环境的选择压力,实施低氮选择策略,可有效提高玉米种质对氮肥的利用效率。     

磷对不同玉米品种生长、体内磷循环和分配的影响

以杂交玉米蠡玉16和冀单28为供试作物,采用供高磷（250 mol/L）和低磷（5 mol/L）营养液的石英砂培养方法,研究2个玉米品种的各器官干重和磷积累与分配、体内磷在木质部和韧皮部中的循环、流动及磷的吸收和利用效率。结果表明,与供高磷处理相比,低磷处理的2个玉米品种各营养器官的干重、磷含量和木质部中运输的磷量显著降低; 而磷在体内韧皮部的再循环显著增加,并且玉米各部位叶片活化出的磷主要是通过韧皮部循环至根中后,再经过木质部向上部新生叶运输的; 体内光合产物与磷向上部叶的运输是不同步的过程。低磷时,与冀单28相比,蠡玉16的根冠比高010,整株干重和磷含量增加269%和120%,磷吸收和利用效率提高121%和133%,木质部总磷向上部叶运输的比例高306%。说明低磷条件下,磷高效玉米品种生物量大是由于具有较大的根冠比,木质部中更大比例的磷被分配到上部新生叶以及其具有较高的磷吸收和利用效率。     

Eucalyptus growth and phosphorus nutritional efficiency as affected by soil compaction and phosphorus fertilization

ABSTRACT

Soil compaction interferes in soil nutrient transport and root growth. The aim of this work was to evaluate eucalypt growth and phosphorus (P) nutritional efficiency as affected by soil compaction and P rates. The treatments were composed of a 3 × 4 factorial scheme (soil bulk densities levels versus P fertilization rates) for two weathered tropical soils, a clayey Ferralsol (F_Clayey) and a sandy Ferralsol (F_Sandy). The soil bulk densities assessed were 0.90, 1.10 and 1.30 g cm^?3 for F_Clayey, and 1.35, 1.55 and 1.75 g cm^?3 for F_Sandy. The P rates were 0, 150, 300 and 600 mg kg^?1 for F_Clayey, and 0, 100, 200 and 400 mg kg^?1 for F_Sandy. Soil compaction reduced root growth, P content in the plant, P utilization efficiency and P recovery efficiency; and increased average root diameter. Phosphorus fertilization increased root length density, root surface area, dry matter, P content in the plant, P utilization efficiency and P uptake efficiency; and decreased P recovery efficiency. It was concluded that P fertilization is not effective to offset the deleterious effects of soil compaction on eucalypt growth and nutrition.

Abbreviations: F_Clayey: clayey Ferralsol; F_Sandy: sandy Ferralsol; R_Dens: root length density; R_Diam: root diameter; R_Surf: root surface area; R_DM: root dry matter; S_DM: shoot dry matter; WP_DM: whole-plant dry matter; R_P: root P content; S_P: shoot P content; WP_P: whole-plant P content; PU_tE: P utilization efficiency; PU_pE: P uptake efficiency; PRE: P recovery efficiency.     

Response of Two Maize Inbred Lines with Contrasting Phosphorus Efficiency and Root Morphology to Mycorrhizal Colonization at Different Soil Phosphorus Supply Levels

ABSTRACT

A pot experiment investigated the response of two maize inbred lines with contrasting root morphology and phosphorus (P) efficiency to inoculation with Glomus mosseae or Glomus etunicatum compared with non-mycorrhizal controls. Soil phosphorus was supplied at rates of 10, 50, and 100 mg P kg ^?1 soil. Root length, specific root length, and specific phosphorus uptake of maize line 178 (P-efficient) were significantly higher than of line Hc (P-inefficient). Percentage of root length colonized showed the opposite trend regardless of soil P supply level. The two maize lines did not differ significantly in growth response to mycorrhizal colonization. Root colonization rate decreased with increasing soil phosphorus supply. The beneficial effect of the two AM fungi on plant growth and P uptake was greatest at low soil P level and the responses were negative at high P supply. Mycorrhizal responsiveness also decreased with increasing P supply and differed between the two mycorrhizal fungal isolates.     

Nitrogen and phosphorus use efficiency of 43 wheat alien chromosome addition lines evaluated by hydroponic culture

Wild relatives of wheat may possess useful traits or genes for efficient use of nitrogen (N) or phosphorus (P). Forty-three wheat addition lines with alien chromosomes from Leymus, Agropyron, Hordeum, Psathyrostachys, Aegilops, and Secale cereale, along with their common parent Chinese Spring (CS) were cultured by hydroponics, and their phenotypic variation, N/P uptake and utilization efficiency were investigated at seedling stage. The phenotypic variation showed that N deficiency decreased plant height, shoot dry weight, and total dry weight, while increased root length, number of leaves, SPAD value, and root to shoot ratio (R/S); while P deficiency decreased all the measured traits except root dry weight and R/S. Aegilops longissima 2S and Aegilops searsii 4SS addition lines were identified as both N- and P-efficient germplasm, of which Ae. longissima 2S addition line showed significant increased N and P uptake efficiency than CS under all treatments.     

不同磷效率小麦对低铁胁迫的基因型差异

用营养液培养方法研究了不同磷效率小麦幼苗对低铁胁迫的基因型差异。结果表明,低铁胁迫(-Fe)对磷高效基因型小麦生长的抑制作用显著大于对磷低效基因型。低铁处理下,磷高效基因型81(85)-5-3-3-3、Xiaoyan54和Taihe-5025的植株地上部干重平均比正常供铁(+Fe)处理下降55.2%;磷低效基因型Jinghe90-Jian-17、NC37和Jing41平均33.0%。低铁胁迫显著降低了磷高效基因型小麦的叶片叶绿素含量,3个磷高效基因型的叶绿素a、叶绿素b和叶绿素a+b含量分别降低了35.6%、35.3%和35.3%,磷低效基因型分别降低了16.8%、7.7%和11.9%。低铁胁迫对小麦的根系生长、根系吸磷量和磷利用效率均未产生明显的影响,但显著降低了磷高效基因型小麦的植株地上部吸磷量和根效率比。与正常供铁的处理相比,磷高效和磷低效基因型小麦的地上部吸磷量和根效率比在低铁处理中平均降低了55.0%、54.9%和32.5%、36.4%。磷高效基因型小麦植株体内积累的磷量明显高于磷低效基因型,这是磷高效基因型不耐低铁的主要原因。磷效率越高,对低铁的反应越敏感。     

PHOSPHORUS UPTAKE AND USE EFFICIENCY IN FIELD CROPS

Phosphorus (P) is required by crop plants for many physiological and biochemical functions. Knowledge of phosphorus uptake and its use by crop plants is essential for adequate management of this essential nutrient. A field experiment was conducted during four consecutive years to determine P uptake and use efficiency by upland rice, dry bean, corn and soybean grown in rotation on a Brazilian Oxisol. Plant samples were taken at different growth stages during the growth cycle of each crop for phosphorus analysis. Phosphorus concentration (content per unit dry matter) significantly decreased in a quadratic fashion with the advancement of plant age in four crop species. Phosphorus concentration was higher in legumes compared to cereals. Phosphorus uptake in shoot, however, significantly increased in an exponential quadratic fashion with the advancement of plant age of crop species. At harvest, P uptake was higher in grain compared to shoot, indicating importance of this element in improving crop yields. Phosphorus use efficiency (grain or straw yield per unit P uptake) was higher in cereals compared to legumes. The P use efficiency for grain production was 465 kg kg^?1 for upland rice, 492 kg kg^?1 for corn, 229 kg kg^?1 for dry bean and 280 kg kg^?1 for soybean. The higher P use efficiency in cereals was associated with higher yield of cereals compared to legume species.