毕赤酵母甘露寡糖对断奶仔猪生产性能肠道绒毛和细胞因子的影响

为了研究不同剂量毕赤酵母甘露寡糖对断奶仔猪生产性能、肠道肠绒毛形态结构和细胞因子的影响,本试验选取144头28日龄平均体重为7.17±0.16 kg的断奶仔猪,分别给予3个日粮处理:对照组C、0.1%毕赤酵母甘露寡糖组T1和0.2%毕赤酵母甘露寡糖组T2,试验周期28 d。结果显示,处理组T1和T2均可显著提高日增重和饲料转化效率,增加仔猪空肠绒毛长度和肠道绒腺比,明显提高血清IL-10含量,降低TNF-α含量(P0.05)。表明毕赤酵母甘露寡糖可通过改善肠绒毛结构,改变细胞因子含量来调节机体的免疫功能,从而改善断奶仔猪生产性能。     

果寡糖饲料添加剂对断奶仔猪增重的影响

本试验研究果寡糖对25~60日龄断奶仔猪的饲喂效果。从25日龄杜×长×大同窝断奶健壮仔猪选取10头,随机分成两组。对照组饲喂基础日粮组,试验组在基础日粮中添加0.5%果寡糖。35d后统计增重,结果表明:添加0.5%果寡糖组的试验猪平均日增重显著高于对照组(P0.05),料肉比显著低于对照组(P0.05)。     

日粮中添加植物小肽对黄羽肉鸡生长、屠宰性能及血清生化指标的影响

试验旨在探讨日粮中添加植物小肽对黄羽肉鸡生长、屠宰性能及血清生化指标的影响。选择健康1日龄黄羽肉鸡(♀)192只,随机分成4处理组,每处理组6个重复,每重复8只鸡,分别饲喂在基础日粮上添加0、0.1%、0.5%和1.0%植物小肽的日粮,试验期56d。结果表明:①随着日粮中植物小肽添加量的提高,1～21、21～56和1～56d黄羽肉鸡平均日增重以线性方式升高(线性,P分别为0.005、0.001和0.003),耗料增重比以线性方式降低(线性,P分别为0.045、0.003和0.011)。②日粮中添加0.5%和1.0%植物小肽均显著降低黄羽肉鸡56d的腹脂率和皮下脂肪厚度(P<0.05),添加1.0%植物小肽显著提高56d黄羽肉鸡的胸肌率(P<0.05)。③随着日粮中植物小肽添加水平的提高,21d和56d血清总抗氧化能力和总蛋白含量均以线性方式升高(线性,P分别为0.005、0.001和0.021、0.085)和血清尿酸含量以线性方式降低(P=0.016和0.009)。结果提示,日粮中植物小肽可提高血清抗氧化能力和总蛋白含量、生长性能及胸肌率,降低血清尿酸含量和腹脂率及皮下脂肪厚度,其适宜添加水平为0.5%。     

植物小肽替代鱼粉对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率及肠道发育的影响

试验旨在研究植物小肽对断奶仔猪生长性能、腹泻率及肠道发育的影响。选择体重为9.56 kg左右的35日龄健康杜长大三元杂种断奶仔猪120头,按照体重相似的原则随机分为2个处理,每个处理设6个重复,每个重复10头仔猪。对照组饲喂基础饲粮(含2.5%鱼粉),试验组添加2%植物小肽(替代基础饲粮中2.5%鱼粉)。试验期28 d。结果表明,植物小肽组仔猪日增重和日采食量分别比对照组提高5.88%(P<0.05)和2.67%(P<0.05),料重比显著降低2.74%(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,植物小肽组仔猪十二指肠和空肠的绒毛高度显著提高(P<0.05),十二指肠和空肠的隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05),十二指肠和空肠的绒腺比(V/C)也显著提高(P<0.05)。综合来看,断奶仔猪饲粮中2%植物小肽替代2.5%鱼粉促进了仔猪肠道发育,提高了生长性能。     

甘露寡糖对肉鹑肠长度及肠道菌群的影响

选取240只1日龄肉鹑随机分成4组,每组设4个重复,每个重复15只肉鹑。其中第1组为对照组,饲喂基础日粮,第2~4组为试验组,在基础日粮中分别添加0.5%、1.0%2、.0%的甘露寡糖(MOS)。进行为期50日龄的饲养,分别于35日龄和50日龄采样。试验结果表明,1.0%和2.0%MOS可显著增加35日龄肉鹑小肠长度和十二指肠长度(P<0.05)。1.0%和2.0%MOS组35日龄肉鹑空肠长度和回肠长度显著长于对照组和0.5%MOS组(P<0.05)。各处理组35 d肉鹑空回比均高于对照组,但未达到统计学差异水平(P>0.05)。日粮中添加MOS对50日龄肉鹑肠长度的影响无明显规律,各处理组之间无显著差异(P>0.05)。日粮添加0.5%、1.0%2、.0%MOS可显著降低35日龄和50日龄肉鹑回肠内大肠杆菌的数量(P<0.05),随着日粮MOS添加量的增加,回肠内大肠杆菌数量逐渐下降,且1.0%和2.0%MOS添加组回肠内大肠杆菌数量显著低于0.5%MOS添加组(P<0.05)。日粮添加0.5%、1.0%、2.0%MOS可显著提高35日龄和50日龄肉鹑回肠内乳酸杆菌的数量(P<0.05),随着日粮MOS添加量的增加,回肠内乳酸杆菌数量逐渐升高,且2.0%MOS添加组35日龄肉鹑回肠内乳酸杆菌数量显著高于0.5%MOS添加组(P<0.05)。     

甘露寡糖对鲤鱼生产性能的影响

试验以健康的建鲤为试验动物 ,研究在其日粮中添加不同水平的酵母甘露寡糖对其生产性能的影响 ,确定酵母甘露寡糖在鲤鱼中的适宜的添加水平 ,并对其作用机制进行了初步探讨。选用健康均匀的鲤鱼随机分为 6组 ,分别使用不同的饵料 ,按正常的饲养管理程序进行。 1组为对照组 ,饲喂基础日粮 ,2、3、4、5、6组为试验组分别饲喂基础日粮加 0 .0 5 %、0 .1%、0 .2 %、0 .3%、0 .4 %的酵母甘露寡糖 (商品名为奥奇素 ,Bio -MOS) ,试验期为 4 5d ,以测定甘露寡糖对鲤鱼生产性能的影响。结果表明 ,日粮中添加MOS可提高鲤鱼的生产性能。随MOS添加量的增加养殖成活率先升后降 ,当添加量增加到 0 .2 %时达到最高 99.4 0 % ,而后成活率降低 ;试验期间 2、3、4、5、6组的增重率分别比对照组高 4 .1、6 .9、9.1、13.3、16 .8百分点 ;添加MOS后鲤鱼饵料系数2、3、4、5、6组与对照组相比分别降低了 2 .4、8.4、11.0、17.2、17.8百分点 ;添加MOS对运输成活率的影响 :2、3、4、5、6组分别比对照组升高了 1.4 5、1.5 2、1.6 2、1.5 6、2 .0 4百分点。     

饲粮添加壳寡糖对肉鸡肉品质、抗氧化性能、小肠黏膜组织结构及肠道菌群的影响

本试验旨在研究饲粮添加壳寡糖(COS)对肉鸡肉品质、抗氧化性能、小肠黏膜组织结构及肠道菌群的影响。选用300只1日龄健康的爱拔益加(AA)雄性肉鸡,随机分为5组,每组6个重复,每个重复10只鸡。空白对照组饲喂不含抗生素的基础饲粮,正对照组饲喂添加100 mg/kg金霉素的基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂添加50、100和150 mg/kg COS的基础饲粮。试验期42 d。结果表明,与空白对照组相比:1)饲粮添加100 mg/kg COS显著提高了胸肌和腿肌的红度(a*)值(P0.05)。2)饲粮添加50和100 mg/kg COS显著提高了1~21日龄血清总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性(P0.05),饲粮添加100 mg/kg COS显著提高了22~42日龄血清总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)和T-SOD、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性(P0.05),饲粮添加50 mg/kg COS显著提高了22~42日龄血清T-SOD和GSH-Px活性(P0.05)。3)饲粮添加100 mg/kg COS显著提高了1~21日龄和22~42日龄空肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度(P0.05)。4)饲粮添加50和100 mg/kg COS显著降低了回肠大肠杆菌数量(P0.05)。5)饲粮添加100 mg/kg COS显著提高了肉鸡的平均日增重(P0.05)。由此可见,饲粮添加COS可提高肉鸡抗氧化性能,改善肉鸡肉品质和肠黏膜组织结构,并在一定程度上改善肠道菌群结构。COS在肉鸡饲粮中的适宜添加量为100 mg/kg。     

果寡糖和甘露寡糖对黄羽肉鸡种鸡生产性能、饲粮养分代谢率及血清生化指标的影响

试验旨在研究饲粮中添加果寡糖(FOS)、甘露寡糖(MOS)以及两者复合物(复合寡糖,FOS+MOS)对广西黄羽肉鸡种鸡生产性能、血清生化指标和饲粮养分代谢率的影响。开产种鸡(24周龄)432羽,随机分为Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组,每组3个重复,每个重复36羽鸡。Ⅰ组(对照组)饲喂基础饲粮,Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加0.4%FOS、0.02%MOS和0.4%FOS+0.02%MOS的试验饲粮。结果表明,添加FOS、MOS及复合寡糖均可不同程度提高种鸡的产蛋率、种蛋合格率、受精率,降低料蛋比,其中添加FOS可显著提高孵化率;Ⅱ组血清总蛋白、球蛋白均显著高于其他组;Ⅱ、Ⅲ组和Ⅳ组血清总胆固醇,Ⅱ组和Ⅳ组甘油三酯含量显著低于对照组;各组间丙氨酸转氨酶(ALT)、天冬氨酸转氨酶(AST)活性差异不显著。与对照组相比,添加FOS和复合寡糖显著提高种鸡饲粮粗蛋白质、粗脂肪、粗纤维含量和磷的消化代谢率。可见,在黄羽肉鸡种鸡饲粮中添加FOS、MOS及其复合物均可不同程度提高黄羽肉鸡种鸡生产性能,改善血清生化指标和饲粮养分代谢率,且以单独添加FOS效果为优;FOS、MOS两者复合使用没有明显的协同效应。     

小肽营养素对黄羽肉仔鸡生长性能的影响

选择32日龄健康、体重相近黄羽肉仔鸡90只(雌),随机分为2组,一组为对照组,另一组为试验组,每组3个重复,每个重复15只.对照组的黄羽肉仔鸡饲喂基础日粮,试验组饲喂用0.5%小肽营养素代替2.5%鱼粉的日粮,试验结果表明:试验组与对照组生长性能差异不显著(p＞0.05),说明在黄羽肉仔鸡饲料中可用0.5%小肽营养素代替2.5%鱼粉,从而降低饲料成本.     

小肽添加剂对生长猪生长性能的影响

试验研究三种不同的小肽添加剂制品对生长猪生长性能的影响。试验选用72头初始体重在(34.64±8.32)kg的杜×长×大三元阉公猪,随机分为4个处理,每个处理6个重复,每个重复3头猪试验各组分别饲喂基础日粮(对照组),基础日粮加100mg/kg小肽A(小肽A组),基础日粮加100mg/kg小肽B(小肽B组),基础日粮加50mg/kg小肽C(小肽C组),试验期28d。测定其对生长猪的生长性能的影响,结果表明,与对照组相比,小肽A组、小肽B组和小肽C组的生长猪的平均采食量分别提高了9.8%、7.0%和12.5%(P0.05),平均日增重分别提高了15.8%、12.8%和21.7%(P0.05),料肉比分别降低了5.1%、6.3%和8.5%(P0.05)。     

苦豆籽粕-两歧双歧杆菌-唾液乳杆菌合生元对早期断奶仔猪肠黏膜形态的影响

为观察苦豆籽粕-两歧双歧杆菌-唾液乳杆菌合生元对早期断奶仔猪不同时期小肠黏膜绒毛长度、隐窝深度和绒腺比的影响,试验选用60头（21±2）日龄体质量相近的杜长大三元杂交断奶仔猪,随机分为4组,每组3个重复,每个重复5头仔猪。试验组在饲喂基础日粮的基础上分别添加0．5％,1．0％,2．0％的合生元,对照组饲喂基础日粮,试验期4周。结果表明,合生元组可显著提高仔猪小肠绒毛的高度,其中2．0％舍生元组效果较好;对小肠黏膜隐窝深度方面的差异不显著;饲喂合生元可以提高小肠黏膜绒腺比,其中以0．5％合生元组和2．0％合生元组效果明显。在本试验饲养方式下,苦豆籽粕一两歧双歧杆菌一唾液乳杆菌合生元可以改善肠道黏膜形态结构,尤以2．0％剂量组效果较好,适宜于生产实践。     

不同水平玉米赤霉烯酮对断奶母仔猪血清酶、代谢产物和肠道形态的影响

本试验旨在研究不同水平玉米赤霉烯酮(ZEA)对断奶母仔猪血清酶、代谢产物和肠道形态的影响。选取28日龄平均体重为(14.01±0.86)kg、健康的三元杂交(杜×长×大)雌性断奶仔猪40头,随机分为4组,每组10头。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验1组、试验2组和试验3组在基础饲粮中分别添加0.5、1.0和1.5 mg/kg ZEA。预试期10 d,正试期35 d。结果表明:1)与对照组相比,各试验组的谷草转氨酶、碱性磷酸酶和乳酸脱氢酶活性显著升高(P0.05);试验2组的血清总胆固醇含量显著升高(P0.05);试验3组血清尿素氮和高密度脂蛋白(HDL)含量显著升高(P0.05),血清总蛋白含量则显著降低(P0.05)。2)与对照组相比,试验组十二指肠和空肠绒毛高度和隐窝深度都显著增大(P0.05)。试验1组和试验2组十二指肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度值显著提高(P0.05),空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度值显著降低(P0.05),回肠绒毛高度和绒毛高度/隐窝深度值都显著升高(P0.05)。3)与对照组相比,试验组十二指肠绒毛高度明显增大且排列疏松无序,小肠腺数量减少,黏膜厚度变薄。4)与对照组相比,试验组空肠绒毛高度增大,小肠腺数量减少,并且试验2组和试验3组空肠上皮脱落固有层裸露。5)与对照组相比,试验1组和试验2组回肠绒毛高度增大且黏膜下层内弥散淋巴细胞增多。由此可见,饲粮中添加ZEA(0.5~1.5 mg/kg)改变了断奶母仔猪的肝脏代谢和肠道的形态结构,进而影响断奶母仔猪的健康生长。     

抗菌肽对肉兔小肠黏膜形态、盲肠菌群和免疫功能的影响

本试验旨在研究不同水平抗菌肽对肉兔小肠黏膜形态、盲肠菌群和免疫功能的影响。选取体重相近的35日龄断奶的新西兰肉兔160只,随机分为5组,每组4个重复,每个重复8只(公母各占1/2)。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,试验组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加30 mg/kg喹乙醇以及150、200和250 mg/kg抗菌肽的试验饲粮。试验期8周。结果表明:各添加水平抗菌肽均显著提高了空肠绒毛高度,十二指肠、空肠和回肠绒毛高度与隐窝深度的比值以及盲肠乳酸杆菌数量(P<0.05),显著降低了空肠隐窝深度以及盲肠总好氧菌和大肠杆菌数量(P<0.05)。此外,200 mg/kg抗菌肽还显著提高了回肠绒毛高度以及盲肠总厌氧菌和双歧杆菌数量(P<0.05),显著降低了十二指肠和回肠隐窝深度(P<0.05),显著增加了血清免疫球蛋白M和补体3含量(P<0.05)。由此得出,在饲粮中添加抗菌肽可以改善肉兔小肠黏膜形态,刺激盲肠有益菌的增殖并抑制有害菌的增殖,同时还可提高机体的免疫功能。本试验条件下,抗菌肽在肉兔饲粮中的适宜添加量为200 mg/kg。     

肉仔鸡日粮外源核苷酸营养作用初探

为研究日粮核苷酸 (NT) ,对肉仔鸡的营养作用 ,72只 1日龄AA肉仔鸡饲喂纯合日粮 5天以耗竭可能由母源带来的核苷酸 ,然后分成 4组 ,分别喂以添加 0 ,0 .1 % ,0 .2 %的核苷酸及 0 .5 %酵母培养物的纯合日粮。测定了 1 0日龄及 1 4日龄各组试鸡肠粘膜、肝脏中蛋白质及RNA含量 ,十二指肠绒毛高度、肠壁厚度、肠粘膜湿重等指标 ,用一次性注射大剂量3H -Tyr的方法测定了 1 2日龄各组试鸡肠粘膜蛋白质合成率。结果表明纯合日粮能显著耗竭雏鸡肠粘膜中的RNA ,纯合日粮中添加 0 .2 %NT使雏鸡肠道粘膜核酸及蛋白质含量及肝脏的核酸含量比对照皆有显著的增加 ,并能促进肠绒毛的生长及提高肠壁厚度。说明满足了氨基酸需要的肉仔鸡内源合成的NT不能满足生长发育的需要     

天蚕素和合生素对AA肉鸡小肠黏膜形态和小肠免疫细胞的影响

为研究日粮中添加天蚕素、合生素对AA肉鸡小肠黏膜形态及免疫细胞的影响,试验选用480只1日龄健康AA肉鸡,随机分为4组,每组4个重复,每个重复30只鸡。对照组（Ⅰ组）饲喂基础日粮,试验组（Ⅱ~Ⅳ组）分别在基础日粮中添加0.5%天蚕素、0.3%合生素、0.5%天蚕素+0.3%合生素。试验期42 d。结果显示,与Ⅰ组相比,Ⅳ组十二指肠、回肠绒毛高度极显著升高（P<0.01）;Ⅱ组空肠和回肠、Ⅲ组小肠各段隐窝深度显著或极显著降低（P<0.05;P<0.01）;Ⅱ、Ⅲ组小肠各段和Ⅳ组十二指肠、回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著或极显著升高（P<0.05;P<0.01）;Ⅱ组空肠绒毛宽度显著降低（P<0.05）,Ⅲ组十二指肠和空肠、Ⅳ组空肠和回肠绒毛宽度均极显著降低（P<0.01）;Ⅱ、Ⅲ组空肠黏膜厚度显著升高（P<0.05）,Ⅳ组小肠各段黏膜厚度均极显著升高（P<0.01）。Ⅱ组回肠上皮内淋巴细胞数量显著升高（P<0.05）,Ⅲ组十二指肠、Ⅳ组小肠各段上皮内淋巴细胞数量极显著升高（P<0.01）;Ⅲ组十二指肠、Ⅳ组十二指肠和回肠杯状细胞数量极显著升高（P<0.01）;Ⅳ组空肠肥大细胞数量显著升高（P<0.05）。综上所述,天蚕素、合生素单独或联合添加均能改善AA肉鸡小肠黏膜结构,促进小肠黏膜免疫细胞增殖,联合添加效果最佳。     

Effects of Cecropin and Synbiotics on the Intestinal Mucosal Morphology and Intestinal Mucosal Immune Cells of AA Broilers

In order to investigate the effects of cecropin and synbiotics on the intestinal mucosal morphology and intestinal mucosal immune cells of AA broilers. 480 of 1-day-old healthy AA broilers were chosen and randomly divided into 4 groups with 4 replicates per group and 30 broilers per replicate. The broilers in group Ⅰ(control group) were fed basal diet,while that in groups Ⅱ to Ⅳ were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.5% cecropin,0.3% synbiotics,0.5% cecropin+0.3% synbiotics,respectively. The trial lasted for 42 days. The result showed that compared with group Ⅰ,the villus height of duodenum and ileum in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).The crypt depth of jejunum and ileum in group Ⅱ,and that of small intestine in group Ⅲ were significantly or extremely significantly decreased (P<0.05;P<0.01).The villus height/crypt depth of small intestine in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ,and that of duodenum and ileum in group Ⅳ were significantly or extremely significantly increased (P<0.05;P<0.01).The villus width of jejunum in group Ⅱ was significantly decreased (P<0.05),while the villus width of duodenum and jejunum in group Ⅲ,that of jejunum and ileum in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly decreased (P<0.01).The mucous thickness of jejunum in groups Ⅱ and Ⅲ were significantly increased (P<0.05),while that of small intestine in group Ⅳ was extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).The number of the intraepithelial lymphocyte of ileum in group Ⅱ was significantly increased (P<0.05),and that of duodenum in group Ⅲ and small intestine in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).The number of the goblet cell of duodenum in group Ⅲ,duodenum and ileum in group Ⅳ were extremely significantly increased (P<0.01).The mast cell of jejunum in group Ⅳ was significantly increased (P<0.05).In conclusion,both the cecropin and synbiotics could improve the small intestine mucosal structure and promote the small intestine mucosal immunocompetent cells proliferation in AA broiler, and the effect of combined utilization would be better.     

Evaluation of the chicory inulin efficacy on ameliorating the intestinal morphology and modulating the intestinal electrophysiological properties in broiler chickens

Chicory (Cichorium intybus) belongs to plants of the Compositae family accumulating energy in the form of inulin fructan. Chicory, a prebiotic, is a fermentable oligosaccharide and oligofructose that may affect the intestinal mucosal architecture and the electrophysiological parameters. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of adding chicory fructans in feed on the intestinal morphology and electrogenic transport of glucose in broilers. Four hundred, 1 day old broiler chicks were randomly divided into two groups (200 bird per group) for 5 weeks. The dietary treatments were (i) control, (ii) basal diets supplemented with the dried, grinded ground chicory pulp containing inulin (1 kg of chicory/ton of the starter and grower diets). In duodenum, dietary chicory increased the villus height and villus width and villus height to crypt depth ratio (p < 0.05), but the duodenal crypt depth remained unaffected (p > 0.05). However, in jejunum, the villus height, crypt depth and villus height to crypt depth ratio were decreased by dietary chicory compared with control birds (p < 0.05). In ileum, the villus height and villus crypt depth was decreased by dietary chicory supplementation compared with control (p < 0.05), but, the villus height to crypt depth ratio was increased (p < 0.05). Moreover, dietary chicory relatively affected the electrophysiological parameters of the intestine but did not reach significance. The amount of ΔIsc after d ‐glucose addition to the jejunal mucosa was numerically higher for chicory fed birds (19 μA/cm²) than control birds (10 μA/cm²). The percentage of increase in the Isc after d ‐glucose addition (ΔIsc %) was higher for chicory group upto (90%) of the control group. In colon, the actual Isc value and Isc after d ‐glucose addition was numerically higher for chicory fed birds than control birds (p > 0.05). Moreover, the conductance of jejunal and colonic tissues after d ‐glucose addition remained unaffected by the dietary chicory. In conclusion, addition of chicory to broilers diet increased the duodenal villus height, villus width and villus height to crypt depth ratio and decreased the villus height and crypt depth in both jejenum and ileum. Furthermore, dietary chicory relatively modified the small intestinal electrogenic transport of glucose in broilers.     

Influence of chlortetracycline and dietary protein level on visceral organ mass of growing beef steers

Thirty-two beef steers (285 +/- 3 kg BW) were used to determine the effects of chlortetracycline and dietary protein level on visceral tissue mass, chemical composition, intestinal morphology, and proliferation rate indices. Steers were allotted randomly by weight to a factorial arrangement of dietary treatments consisting of either 10 or 13% CP diets top-dressed with a corn meal carrier (500 g/d) containing either 0 or 350 mg of chlortetracycline. After 84 d, steers were slaughtered and visceral organs removed and separated. Rinsed wet tissue mass was recorded; total RNA, total DNA, tissue DM, and tissue N content were determined; and tissue sections were prepared for immunohistochemical analysis. Thin tissue sections were evaluated to determine crypt depth and villus height as well as proliferation rate by immunohistochemical detection of the nuclear antigen Ki67. Rumen and abomasum weights and small intestinal length were greater (P < 0.04) in steers fed the 13% CP diet than in those fed the 10% CP diet on both an absolute weight basis and a percentage of empty BW. Chemical composition of the small intestinal and ruminal segments were largely unaffected by increased dietary protein. Increasing the dietary CP also increased the villus height in duodenal (P = 0.02) and the crypt depth of jejunal (P = 0.03) sections. Dietary administration of chlortetracycline decreased (P < 0.01) small intestinal weight both on absolute and empty BW bases. Nitrogen and RNA concentrations of the small intestinal segments were unaffected (P > 0.1) by dietary administration of subtherapeutic levels of chlortetracycline; however, because of increases (P < 0.05), or tendencies for an increase (P < 0.1), in the tissue content of DNA, the ratio of N to DNA was decreased (P < 0.05) or tended to be decreased (P < 0.1) in the small intestinal segments of the chlortetracycline-treated animals. The observed decrease in small intestinal epithelial mass does not appear to be due to alterations in cell proliferation rate but rather cell size. Consistent with this finding, cell proliferation, as determined by Ki67 antigen staining, was not affected by dietary treatment. Chlortetracycline administration decreased small intestinal mass that may be a result of decreased cell size.     

复合植物精油对脂多糖刺激断奶仔猪肠道形态结构和抗氧化能力的影响

为研究复合植物精油(OCT)对脂多糖(LPS)刺激断奶仔猪肠道结构和抗氧化能力的影响,本试验选取28日龄左右健康的杜×长×大三元杂交仔猪24头,按照体重相近原则随机分为3个处理组:对照组、LPS组和OCT组。对照组和LPS组仔猪饲喂基础日粮,OCT组仔猪饲喂基础日粮+50 mg/kg OCT。试验期21 d。于试验第21天,LPS组和OCT组仔猪注射LPS(100μg/(kg·BW)),对照组仔猪注射等量生理盐水。LPS或生理盐水注射后3 h采血;6 h后,屠宰全部仔猪取肠道样品测定有关指标。结果表明,与对照组相比,LPS组仔猪空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度有降低趋势(P>0.05),回肠绒毛高度及绒毛高度/隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05);血浆过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、血浆和空肠超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著降低(P<0.05),空肠诱导型一氧化氮合酶(iNOS)活性、血浆和回肠H_2O_2含量显著上升(P<0.05)。与LPS组相比,OCT组仔猪空肠绒毛高度、空肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度和回肠绒毛高度显著提高(P<0.05),回肠绒毛高度/隐窝深度有提高趋势(P>0.05);血浆CAT、空肠SOD活性显著提高(P<0.05),血浆和回肠H_2O_2含量显著下降(P<0.05)。以上结果表明,日粮中添加50 mg/kg OCT可以在一定程度上缓解由LPS刺激引起的仔猪氧化应激,改善仔猪肠道结构。