掺合超细尾矿粉的混凝土抗压强度试验研究

掺合超细尾矿粉是提高混凝土强度和性能的又一个有效途径。文章通过混凝土抗压强度试验研究来确定掺合超细尾矿粉对混凝土力学性能的影响,为其进一步开发利用提供理论依据。     

南瓜发酵蛋糕的研制

以蛋糕粉为主要原料,添加南瓜粉,研制一种南瓜发酵蛋糕。选择南瓜粉、鸡蛋液、干酵母、糖浆为考察因素,通过单因素试验和正交试验,确定南瓜发酵蛋糕的最佳配方为南瓜粉19%、鸡蛋液56%、干酵母3%、糖浆25%。     

盐焗鸡翅加工及灭菌工艺的优化

以鸡翅为主要原料,通过单因素试验和正交试验,重点研究腌制液浓度、腌制时间和盐焗粉的添加量对盐焗鸡翅感官品质的影响,确定最佳加工工艺;并采用低温长时灭菌、微波灭菌和高温高压灭菌3种灭菌方式,得到最佳灭菌工艺。结果表明:盐焗鸡粉的添加量为8%、腌制时间为80min、腌制液浓度为20%和微波灭菌150W,5min。在此条件下产品质地组织完整、结实,咀嚼性好;咸味适宜,盐焗滋味丰富,具有较佳的感官品质。     

面粉品质和饺子皮质构品质关系的研究

本文选用我国10个省份的222份小麦样品,测定了小麦面粉的基本理化指标和流变学特性;并对222份小麦样品制成的饺子皮的质构品质进行了分析。试验结果表明:沉淀值与鲜饺子皮和冻后饺子皮的硬度、咀嚼度、回复性、强韧性和Firmness均达到极显著正相关。面团形成时间、稳定时间、弱化度、粉质指数和拉伸能量与鲜饺子皮硬度、胶着性、咀嚼度和Firmness均呈显著或极显著相关。稳定时间、弱化度、粉质指数和拉伸能量与速冻饺子皮胶着性、咀嚼度、回复性、强韧性和Firmness呈显著或极显著相关。     

超微粉碎对小麦粉次粉理化特性影响的研究

选取小麦粉高筋次粉与中筋次粉进行超微化处理,粉碎粒度依次为80、200、300、400、500和600目,分析超微粉碎对次粉理化特性的影响。结果表明:随着次粉粒度的减小,降落数值、糊化最终黏度、糊化峰值黏度及衰减值降低;干、湿面筋含量及面团色泽基本不变;白度值、沉淀值和破损淀粉含量提高;而次粉的糊化温度表现为先增加后减小。经过超微粉碎的小麦次粉物理-化学特殊的变化规律,为其有效利用提供了基础数据。     

腾格里沙漠粉土地基的工程特性

通过大量调查试验，阐述了腾格里沙漠粉土的物理力学特性。揭示了粉土的湿陷变形特性，提出了粉土成分含量是引起粉土湿陷变形的主要因素。并得出了按规定施工工况压实后，粉土能够达到压实质量要求，且具有较高的强度和水稳性，可保证建筑物安全稳定的科学结论。     

岩土物理力学性质指标的关联度分

以福州地区主要土层的物理力学性质指标为例，应用灰色系统理论对物理力学性质指标进行灰色关联度分析，以揭示各指标之间的相关关系。研究结果表明，在土层的各项指标中，粉质粘土的液限WL与压缩模量ES1-2的关联度最大；淤泥的天然容重γ与压缩模量ES1-2的关联度最大。     

水体铅污染对狐尾藻的生长指标和叶绿素的影响

以小二仙草科狐尾藻(Myriophyllum verticillatum)为实验材料,研究不同浓度铅(Pb)尾矿液胁迫对狐尾藻幼苗生长及生理的影响。结果表明,狐尾藻幼苗各项生长指标以及叶绿素a、b质量分数与Pb液处理浓度成反比,在纯Pb尾矿液处理下,叶绿素a、b质量分数较对照分别降了94%、95%,其中类胡萝卜素质量分数无明显变化;在1/2浓度Pb尾矿液中,地下和地上部分干质量与对照相比较差异显著(P0.05)。实验数据表明,狐尾藻对Pb胁迫有一定的抗性,可以用于被Pb污染环境的修复。     

岩土物理力学性质指标的关联度分祈

以福州地区主要土层的物理力学性质指标为例，应用灰色系统理论对物理力学性质指标进行灰色关联度分析，以揭示各指标之间的相关关系。研究结果表明，在土层的各项指标中，粉质粘土的液限WL与压缩模量Es1-2的关联度最大；淤泥的天然容重γ与压缩模量Es1-2的关联度最大。     

HF粉煤灰与硅粉混凝土抗冲耐磨性能试验研究

水工建筑物的溢洪道、泄洪洞等承受高速水流冲磨的部位,多采用抗冲磨混凝土,其中硅粉混凝土和HF粉煤灰混凝土应用广泛;对硅粉混凝土和HF粉煤灰混凝土的抗压、抗冻、抗渗、抗冲磨等性能进行试验研究,结果表明HF粉煤灰混凝土的抗冲磨性、施工和易性以及经济性优于硅粉混凝土。     

Overland water and salt flows in a set of rice paddies

Cultivation of paddy rice in semiarid areas of the world faces problems related to water scarcity. This paper aims at characterizing water use in a set of paddies located in the central Ebro basin of Spain using experimentation and computer simulation. A commercial field with six interconnected paddies, with a total area of 5.31 ha, was instrumented to measure discharge and water quality at the inflow and at the runoff outlet. The soil was classified as a Typic Calcixerept, and was characterized by a mild salinity (2.5 dS m⁻¹) and an infiltration rate of 5.8 mm day⁻¹. The evolution of flow depth at all paddies was recorded. Data from the 2002 rice-growing season was elaborated using a mass balance approach to estimate the infiltration rate and the evolution of discharge between paddies. Seasonal crop evapotranspiration, estimated with the surface renewal method, was 731 mm (5.1 mm day⁻¹), very similar to that of other summer cereals grown in the area, like corn. The irrigation input was 1874 mm, deep percolation was 830 mm and surface runoff was 372 mm. Irrigation efficiency was estimated as 41%. The quality of surface runoff water was slightly degraded due to evapoconcentration and to the contact with the soil. During the period 2001–2003, the electrical conductivity of surface runoff water was 54% higher than that of irrigation water. However, the runoff water was suitable for irrigation. A mechanistic mass balance model of inter-paddy water flow permitted to conclude that improvements in irrigation efficiency cannot be easily obtained in the experimental conditions. Since deep percolation losses more than double surface runoff losses, a reduction in irrigation discharge would not have much room for efficiency improvement. Simulations also showed that rice irrigation performance was not negatively affected by the fluctuating inflow hydrograph. These hydrographs are typical of turnouts located at the tail end of tertiary irrigation ditches. In fact, these are the sites where rice has been historically cultivated in the study area, since local soils are often saline-sodic and can only grow paddy rice taking advantage of the low salinity of the irrigation water. The low infiltration rate characteristic of these saline-sodic soils (an experimental value of 3.2 mm day⁻¹ was obtained) combined with a reduced irrigation discharge resulted in a simulated irrigation efficiency of 60%. Paddy rice irrigation efficiency can attain reasonable values in the local saline-sodic soils, where the infiltration rate is clearly smaller than the average daily rice evapotranspiration.     

车用发动机润滑油失效规律与更换周期研究

研究在正常使用条件下１０Ｗ／３０－ＱＣ级润滑油用于某型车用发动机时所表现的失效规律,确认期服从两参数Ｗｅｉｂｕｌｌ分布,并给出分布的尺度参数η和形状参数ｍ之最佳线性无偏估计（ＢＬＵＥ）同时,还为定量分析,计算车用发动机润滑油的使用可靠性和合理确定其更换周期提供了一套可供借鉴的方法,并给出了具体的计算实例。     

农村剩余劳动力就业问题的探讨

论述了我国农村剩余劳动力就业的意义，并针对我国农村剩余劳动力的现状，提出多渠道促进农村剩余劳动力就业的途径和办法。     

乡（镇）农业技术推广体系存在的问题及对策

乡（镇）农技推广体系是农业发展的关键。介绍朝阳市农业技术推广体系的现状,针对目前体制及运行机制、服务手段等方面存在的问题,提出适合朝阳市乡（镇）农技推广体系改革与发展的对策,以期对全省农技推广体系改革和发展起到一些借鉴作用。     

草莓的采收与贮藏

草莓果味酸甜爽口,营养价值高,为人们所喜爱的应市鲜果之一。由于草莓易受损伤和微生物侵染,因此其采收、贮藏过程极为重要。介绍草莓采收过程中的注意事项以及11种贮藏保鲜技术的实施步骤和操作方法,推介9种加工方式,为草莓产业化提供技术支持。     

瓦房店市水果生产标准化发展研究

瓦房店市是我国重要的水果生产基地,在国内水果生产领域占有重要地位。随着水果市场化的不断深入,如何满足和适应国内外市场需求成为瓦房店市水果生产的关键问题。从瓦房店市水果生产实际出发,阐述了实施水果生产标准化的必要性,提出了发展水果生产标准化的具体措施。     

金谷子耐旱TG118引种试种及推广应用

对引进的谷子新品种金谷子耐旱TG118进行品种比较试验和多点试种。结果表明：该品种抗旱、耐瘠、适应性强,稳产、高产、抗病抗风抗倒伏强,品质优良,粮草兼用,种植简单,省工易管;一般产量在6000kg/hm2以上,比当地主栽品种增产20%以上。最高产量达9450kg/hm2,适于在辽西北地区推广应用。     

对《种子法》存在问题的探讨

《种子法》是我国种植业第一部法律。自实施以来,为依法加强种子管理提供了有力的法律支撑,促进我国种子产业发生翻天覆地的变化。但随着依法管理工作的深入和种子产业的快速发展,《种子法》及配套规章的一些问题逐步显现出来。对《种子法》及配套规章存在的问题进行深入分析,对需要进一步补充的章节以及需要调整的内容进行深入探讨,以求更加完善和明确。     

和谐社会理论建设的几点哲学思考

在新世纪,面对机遇和挑战,党的十六大把“社会更加和谐”作为全面建设更高水平的小康社会的一个重要目标。中国人素有社会和谐的理想;西方人自古也向往社会和谐;借鉴东西方两种和谐社会思想的经验、教训,构建社会主义和谐社会理论。     

Review of the Egyptian experience in implementing land drainage projects

About 30 years have passed since the Government of Egypt embarked on implementing a series of large scale drainage projects. At present, about 3.8 million acres have been provided with drainage systems on the basis of systematic pre-drainage investigations and designs. The target is to provide drains in approximately 6.4 million acres in the Nile Valley and Delta.The implementation of the subsurface drainage system is carried out by the public sector and private contractors under direct supervision of governmental regional departments. The implementation process depends on many factors related to the drainage material, machinery, manpower, site requirements, farmers and organizations involved. Problems and constraints are sometimes challenging, however, the annual rate of implementation has gradually increased to 170,000 acre/year.This paper discusses the different aspects involved in the implementation process of drainage systems. The development in materials, machinery and construction technologies will be reviewed. Institutional and management factors are going to be also considered.