口服补液盐在动物园多种动物疾病上的应用

几年来笔者将口服补液盐法（简称ＯＲＳ法）法用于多种野生观赏动物的疾病治疗和辅助治疗,收到了良好的效果,现归纳４种疾病的使用情况。１猫科动物的萼状病毒（ＦＶＣ）病的辅助治疗该病是由萼状病毒感染猫科动物引起的,家猫患病多见报道。我园的狮、虎、豹共计５只,...     

畜禽口服补液盐

一、口服补液盐配方 氯化钠3.5克、氯化钾1.5克、碳酸氢钠2.5克、葡萄糖粉20克,加40℃左右的饮用水1000毫升为一份量。我国药典规定一个葡萄糖分子带一分子结晶水,葡萄糖需加22克,该配方成品药在各医药门市部有售,袋装14.75克(二分之一份量),家庭购备,随时可用。 二、配方组成的科学依据     

口服补液盐在养猪业上的应用与研究

口服补液盐((?)S)自1967年应用以来,先后在治疗人霍乱、病毒及其它原因引起的腹泻上取得了成功。1981年联合国世界卫生组织向我国推荐了这一疗法后,经过两年19个省市儿童腹泻临床研究应用,也取得了96.9％的成功率。1983年初在中国儿童     

口服补液盐及其应用

口服补液盐(ORS)系世界卫生组织(WHO)60年代拟定推出,自1967年在世界各国应用以来,先后在治疗人霍乱、病毒性及其他原因引起的腹泻上均获得了成功。大量临床实践证明,口服补液盐在各种动物腹泻的治疗中同样具有上述相同的作用,并且具有安全、可靠、疗程短、使用简单、疗效好等     

口服补液盐防治家畜应激作用的初步实验研究

通过口服补液盐(ORS)对地塞米松驴应激模型防治作用实验,初步证明ORS有防治应激作用。为了更进一步证实其作用,进行了ORS防治4次猪运输和3次羊运输应激实验,结果证明予饮ORS液比常水对猪运输应激发病率减少了10％～18％,发病死亡率减少了0～23.1 ％;对羊发病率减少了4.6％～6％。运输前和运输后2个月称重表明,猪羊饮ORS液较常水具有增重快的趋势。     

大面积应用畜禽口服补液盐的效果

我国兽医工作者,在兽医临床上经历饮水,静脉输液之后又开展了口服营养—电解质溶液补液的研究与应用。从而开辟了补液新途径和新方法。我们从1989年开始应用畜禽口服补液盐,经过数年的试验证明,效果良好,现将结果报告于后: 1 材料与方法 1.1 药物来源,口服补液盐为北京农大兽药厂和温州兽药厂产品,使用时按规定加饮水溶解。或按下列处方自配:氯化钠3.5克,碳酸氢钠2.5克,氯化钾1.5克,葡     

Dietary influences on the hydration and acid–base status of experimentally dehydrated dairy calves

The incorporation of oral rehydration solutions (ORS) into ‘milk meals’ is potentially an effective, time-saving method of treating diarrhoeic calves. Although milk-based ORS are effective in improving the hydration and acid–base status of healthy calves, this effect remains to be confirmed in dehydrated/diarrhoeic animals. In this study, six experimentally-dehydrated calves were fed with either milk replacer (MR) or an ORS prepared in either water (WORS) or MR (MORS). In one experiment, calves were not treated and blood samples were taken before and after feeding. Parameters of hydration status were determined and blood gas analysis was performed.Plasma volumes increased significantly following the intake of a ‘fluid meal’ whereas they remained constant in the absence of treatment. The rate of plasma volume expansion was reduced by the feeding of MR relative to WORS or MORS. In dehydrated calves, the expansion of plasma volume was more pronounced following the intake of WORS but the increase was less and plasma osmolality increased significantly following the ingestion of MORS. The acid–base status of animals improved as a result of fluid absorption, but this effect was less obvious as the experimental protocol resulted in severe dehydration and moderate acidosis. Feeding hypertonic MORS raised the plasma osmolality in dehydrated calves, and may increase the risk of hypernatraemia in diarrhoeic calves, which should therefore have ad libitum access to water when undergoing treatment with hypertonic ORS. Further research is planned to assess whether feeding ORS reconstituted in milk or MR combined with ad libitum access to water offers a practical treatment for diarrhoeic calves.     

Why has oral rehydration for calves and children diverged: direct vs. indirect criteria of efficacy

Oral rehydration therapy (ORT) for acute diarrhoea has advanced in contrary directions in humans and animals; the unresolved question is whether this reflects species differences or a divergence in scientific outlook. This review suggests that the explanation lies in the fact that developments in veterinary ORT have the advantage of utilising more reliable criteria than those available from human patients. The dilemma for human ORT is that the validity of systematic reviews and meta-analyses are undermined when the underlying data only reflect crucial variables indirectly and unreliably. It is therefore possible that the approaches currently used to treat calves, which are radically different from those used by paediatricians, could potentially benefit children and the necessary additional research should be initiated. At a time when the value of animal models of human disease is frequently questioned, the benefits of being able to utilise disease models in the target species for clinical research deserve to be emphasised.     

Calf health from birth to weaning. II. Management of diarrhoea in pre-weaned calves

Calfhood diseases have a major impact on the economic viability of cattle operations. The second of this three part review series considers the management of diarrhoeic diseases in pre-weaned calves. In neonatal calf diarrhoea, oral rehydration therapy is the single most important therapeutic measure to be carried out by the farmer and is usually successful if instigated immediately after diarrhoea has developed. Continued feeding of milk or milk replacer to diarrhoeic calves is important, to prevent malnourishment and weight loss in affected calves. Indiscriminative antibiotic treatment of uncomplicated diarrhoea is discouraged, whereas systemically ill calves can benefit from systemic antibiotic treatment for the prevention of septicaemia or concurrent diseases. Ancillary treatments and specific preventive measures are discussed. Eimeriosis has a high economic impact on the farming industries due to direct cost of treatment and calf losses, but especially due to decreased performance of clinically as well as sub-clinically affected animals. Emphasis lies on prophylactic or metaphylactic treatment, since the degree of damage to the intestinal mucosa once diarrhoea has developed, makes therapeutic intervention unrewarding.     

白头翁口服液质量标准研究

提高完善白头翁口服液质量标准。优化黄连及盐酸小檗碱的薄层色谱鉴别方法,简化前处理步骤,减小展开剂毒性对人体的伤害。建立白头翁口服液的高效液相色谱法,通过测定关键指标成分盐酸巴马汀及盐酸小檗碱的含量对白头翁口服液进行科学的质量控制。用提高后的标准对市售白头翁口服液质量进行再评价,结果表明,标准的提高有助于判断样品的真伪优劣。     

EM口服液对牦牛犊增重效果的影响

用EM口服液在果洛地区的牦牛犊中进行了增重试验,同时与消维康口服液、畜痢灵口服液的增重效果进行了比较。结果：EM组、消维康、畜痢灵和对比照组牦牛犊分别比实验前增重31．10±4．0864kg,29．94±4．6441kg,25．98±3．7498ks和19．78±4．2584ks：其中：EM组比对照组平均增重多11．32kg（P〈0．01）;比畜痢灵组平均增重多5．12ks（P〈0．05）;比消维康组平均增重1．63kg（P〉0．05）。     

枣仁蜂乳口服液之改善睡眠功能试验研究

以低、中、高3种剂量的枣仁蜂乳口服液给小鼠灌胃,考察其改善睡眠的保健作用。结果表明:枣仁蜂乳口服液能大幅缩短巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠潜伏期、明显延长阈剂量戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠时间、显著增加阈下剂量戊巴比妥钠诱导的小鼠睡眠发生率(P<0.05或0.01),因而具有改善睡眠的保健功能。枣仁蜂乳口服液采用酸枣仁和蜂乳协同作用,不但可以加强深度睡眠从而提高睡眠质量,而且几乎没有安全风险且服用方便,无疑将成为一种理想的新型助眠保健食品。