华山松、白皮松种粒大小对种子活力和幼苗生长影响的研究

本文着重研究了华山松、白皮松种子籽粒大小与活力和幼苗生长的关系。全面测定了不同粒度种子的播种品质、贮藏物质及种子萌发过程中的物质转化、种子不同催芽处理的脱氢酶活性及幼苗生长状况。结果表明大粒种子的活力远高于中小粒种。大、中、小粒种子的苗木生长差异极显著。生产上选用大粒种子育苗,就能培育出数量多、质量好的壮苗。     

稀土对油松种子萌发和内含物转化的影响

本文用适宜浓度稀土溶液浸泡油松种子能明显促进种子萌发，提高种子活力。对萌发种子内含物的测定结果表明，稀土浸种能促进的油松种子内氨基酸，核酸和糖的代谢过程，提高呼吸速度和酶的活性。     

西南鸢尾种子萌发特性研究

为揭示西南鸢尾（Iris bulleyana）种子休眠特性，以野生西南鸢尾种子为试验材料，对种子活力、种子吸水性、萌发抑制物及光照和温度对种子萌发率的影响进行研究；采用低温层积、GA3及温水浸泡等方法，探索打破西南鸢尾种子休眠的方法。结果表明，西南鸢尾种子种皮吸水良好，92 h吸水率达125%；温度对种子萌发影响较大，30℃较适宜种子萌发；种皮醇提液明显抑制白菜（Brassica pekinensis）种子萌发。低温层积可促进种子萌发，4℃低温层积60天时，种子萌发率达63.33%。西南鸢尾种子种皮含有醇溶性萌发抑制物，是其种子产生生理休眠的主要原因之一；4℃低温层积60天可有效打破种子休眠，GA3和温水浸泡处理均不能打破休眠。     

关于刺槐种子活力测定方法的研究

测定种子活力有物量，生理，生化等方法，本文选用电导法，软Ｘ－射线法，ＴＴＣ定量测定法，活力指数测定法对刺槐种子的活力进行了测定研究，认为；用ＴＴＣ定量进行了测定研究，认为；用ＴＴＣ定量法测定刺槐种子活力，测定迅速，方法简便，容易掌握，结果可靠，是一种较为理想的方法。     

木麻黄嫁接种子园种子活力比较研究初报

种子活力,据Woodstock(1965)认为,是指种子能否适应各种环境条件而迅速、整齐地萌发的能力。由于林木生产周期性长,因此,应用种子活力的大小来早期鉴定种子品质;预测种子在田间条件下生产能力,在国内外愈来愈被人们所重视。本试验采用活力指数、发芽值等生理指标,对木麻黄嫁接种子园内30个家系及对照的自由授粉     

柏木种子活力探讨

通过对柏木种子活力生化指标的测定,用相关分析、逐步回归和主要成分分析方法,探讨了不同采种期、地形部位、球果大小和种子大小各批种子活力之间的关系。结果表明,种子活力指数可表达种子迅速、整齐萌发的发芽潜力和幼苗生长势,是柏木种子较常规发芽率和其它各生理指标更可靠有效的质量指标。柏木种子生理成熟期较其球果形态成熟期提前10—20天,其后活力显著下降。不同坡位对种子活力影响显著,从坡下部到坡顶,活力显著下降。种子活力与脱氢酶活性和过氧化物酶活性呈显著正相关,与电导率成显著负相关,后者同种子成熟度密切相关。种子4种内含物(蛋白质、还原糖、蔗糖和淀粉)对种子活力,千粒重和幼苗干重影响显著,其中还原糖含量与种子成熟度紧密相关。球果或种子越大,活力越高,二者极显著相关。     

杉木种子发芽促进和活力指标的初步研究

采用20、30、40、50ppm萘乙酸溶液分别浸泡处理杉木种子，结果表明：种子发芽指数都得到提高．同时还提高了萌发种子的脱氢活性和种子的电导率，提高了种子活力。     

稀土对柠条种子萌发效应的研究

用稀土溶液浸泡柠条种子，能明显提高种子活力，并能促进萌发种子内含物的转化，提高酶活性。     

多花野牡丹种子萌发和贮藏特性的研究

对多花野牡丹(Melastoma affine D.Don)种子的好光性、不同贮藏温度和时间、发芽适温以及种子活力做了研究,结果表明:光对多花野牡丹种子萌发有促进作用;多花野牡丹种子发芽最适温度为26℃;种子25℃短期贮藏可有效提高发芽率和发芽整齐度,长期贮藏温度以5℃较为合适;赤霉素(0.01mmol)对种子发芽有一定的促进作用,发芽率最高;种子活力测定显示种胚细胞的呼吸强度极微弱,呈现出休眠状态,多花野牡丹具有后熟期。     

野生欧洲李种子萌发特性

为了掌握野生欧洲李种子萌发特性,探讨野生欧洲李实生繁殖规律,以新疆野生欧洲李为研究对象,观察种子形态,测定种子千粒质量、种皮透水性、种子含水量、种子活力,测定种子浸提液对白菜种子发芽和胚根生长抑制活性的影响。结果表明:新疆野生欧洲李种子的种皮透水性比较差;种子含水量为30.57%;TTC法检测种子活力为81.67%;4℃低温沙藏层积的野生欧洲李种子,在处理后90 d种子出现萌发,持续层积200 d后总萌发率为47%;种子各部分浸提液对白菜种子发芽率作用不明显,但对胚根生长有明显的抑制作用,随着浸提液浓度增长,对白菜种子发芽抑制活性越强,其胚根长度越短;随着野生欧洲李层积天数的增加,浸提液处理的白菜种子胚根长度增加;野生欧洲李种子各部分浸提物对白菜种子发芽抑制活性顺序为:种胚最强,种皮次之,种壳最弱。     

Variation in seed traits and seedling vigour of Cordia africana Lam.provenances in Ethiopia

Cordia africana is a very important indigenous tree species for timber and other products and services in Ethiopia.Seed traits and seedling vigour of seeds from 12 provenances of the species were compared.Mean seed mass for each provenance was assessed for 1000 seeds in10 replications,and seed length and width were measured for 100 seeds in four replications per provenance.Germination was assessed in a glasshouse taking 400 seeds from each provenance.Root collar diameter and height of 440 seedlings grown in a nursery for 290 days in Addis Ababa were measured.Seed length,seed width,seed mass,and shoot height and root collar diameter of seedlings showed significant differences(P0.001) among provenances.Correlation analysis between seed and seedling traits and environmental variables revealed significant positive correlations between seed width and germination percentage,seed width and altitude,seed width and longitude and seed length and latitude.Negative correlations were obtained between seed width and temperature,seed width and rainfall,seed mass and temperature,and germination and temperature of the seed source.As expected,differences in seed trait did not explain the variability in seedling vigour.Determining quantitative variations in seed traits and seedling vigour among provenances and the patterns along environmental gradients are essential for informing decisions on the tree improvement programme of the species.     

Variation in seed traits and seedling vigour of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cordia africana</Emphasis> Lam. provenances in Ethiopia

Cordia africana is a very important indigenous tree species for timber and other products and services in Ethiopia. Seed traits and seedling vigour of seeds from 12 provenances of the species were compared. Mean seed mass for each provenance was assessed for 1000 seeds in 10 replications, and seed length and width were measured for 100 seeds in four replications per provenance. Germination was assessed in a glasshouse taking 400 seeds from each provenance. Root collar diameter and height of 440 seedlings grown in a nursery for 290 days in Addis Ababa were measured. Seed length, seed width, seed mass, and shoot height and root collar diameter of seedlings showed significant differences (P < 0.001) among provenances. Correlation analysis between seed and seedling traits and environmental variables revealed significant positive correlations between seed width and germination percentage, seed width and altitude, seed width and longitude and seed length and latitude. Negative correlations were obtained between seed width and temperature, seed width and rainfall, seed mass and temperature, and germination and temperature of the seed source. As expected, differences in seed trait did not explain the variability in seedling vigour. Determining quantitative variations in seed traits and seedling vigour among provenances and the patterns along environmental gradients are essential for informing decisions on the tree improvement programme of the species.     

浸种处理下无患子苗期生长差异分析

以普通母树上采摘的无患子种子为试验材料,对其进行9种不同的浸种处理,即不同温度的温水（40℃、50℃、60℃）、不同浓度CuSO4+H2SO4（20%、30%、40%）溶液和HCl溶液（3%、5%、8%）,探讨不同浸种方式和水平对无患子幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：温水浸种处理下无患子幼苗的生长表现较好,40℃温水浸种明显提高幼苗苗高的生长,50℃浸种处理次之;60℃温水浸种处理对提高无患子幼苗地径生长速度在9组浸种处理中表现效果最为良好;CuSO4+H2SO4溶液和HCl溶液对无患子的苗期生长影响差异显著。综合比较,温水是促进无患子幼苗生长的最佳浸种处理方法。     

生根粉提高仙客来种子活力的初步研究

采用不同剂号,不同浓度的新剂型ＡＢＴ生根粉浸泡处理仙客来种子,测定了种子发芽率,发芽速率,发芽指数,活力指数,干鲜比等种子活力指标和电导率,可溶性糖含量等部分生理生化指标,并结合仙客来育苗生产调查出了苗率。     

Effect of seed mass on emergence and seedling development in Pterocarpus marsupium Roxb.

We investigated the effect of seed mass on emergence, seedling survival and growth ofPterocarpus marsupium Roxb., a medium to large, commercially valuable and deciduous tree species. Among the three size classes viz. small （10-12 mm）, medium （13-15 mm） and large （16-17 mm）, the maximum proportion, of seed by number （54.12%） and dry weight （51.87%） was recorded, in the medium size seed class. Seed length and seed width were greatest in the large seed class （16.50 mm, 7.33 mm） followed by medium （13.50 mm, 5.60 mm） and small （11.37 ram, 3.66 mm）. Similarly, hundred seed weight （100 sw） varied from a maximum of 12.92 g in the large seed class to intermediate 10.95 g in the medium seed class and minimum of 7.02 g in the small seed class. The large seed size showed maximum emergence and shoot length over the medium and small seed class. After six months of growth, significant variations due to seed size were also observed for the growth and dry weight of P. marsupium seedlings. Seedling vigour, expressed in terms of height, collar diameter, number of leaves and dry biomass, was sig- nificantly affected by seed class. Seedlings that emerged from large seeds showed better growth and produced heavier seedlings as compared to medium and small seeds.     

Seed Size as a Predictor of Germination Success and Early Seedling Growth in ‘Hollong’ (Dipterocarpus macrocarpus Vesque)

In species with seeds losing viability shortly after dispersal and exhibiting inherently low germination, quick decisions are required with respect to seeds that should be selected to maximize germination success and vigorous growth of seedlings. In ‘hollong’ (Dipterocarpus macrocarpus Vesque), I address the following questions: (a) are seeds that germinate randomly distributed within a seed population, (b) are subpopulations of viable and non-viable seeds separable, (c) does seed size predict which seeds germinate and (d) does seed size predict time required for germination and seedling vigour? Two estimators of seed size, diameter and weight, demonstrated a significant positive linear relationship endorsing assumption that accumulation of mass increases with increase in diameter of seeds. A threshold for selection of potential seeds for germination could not be derived from diameter measurements since seeds in an entire range of diameter did or did not germinate. All seeds <11 g did not germinate, but this threshold lies at the far lower end of the weight range and allows rejection of only a few seeds and acceptance of many seeds that will not germinate. A risk of potential seeds being rejected or non-viable seeds being picked exists if selection was derived from either diameter or weight. However, viable seeds could be better predicted from a scatter-plot of diameter on x-axis and weight on y-axis. Seeds showed a fan-shaped scatter and those developing the lower blade of the fan did not germinate while those following the handle were successful. Hence, two subpopulations segregated, but with a fuzzy edge. Mean diameter and mean weight of germinated seeds were significantly greater than those of ungerminated seeds. Most ungerminated seeds were those that had relatively smaller weight compared to their diameter. Although some large diameter seeds with small weight did germinate, but failed to develop into seedlings. Germination time and seedling vigour parameters (height, leaf number and collar diameter) were correlated both with diameter and weight. However, weight appears to have mattered more than diameter in germination success and early seedling growth.     

CELLULAR SUBSTANCE EXUDATION AND SEED VIGOUR

In this paper.seeds of pinus koraiensis which has a characteristic of deep dormancywere selected as an expriment material,and the relation of cellular substance exudation to seed vig-our is discussed based on the dormant state,the different measuring parts and the imbibed state ofseeds before testing,as well as on the respiration of embryo and endosperm.The major measured re-sults are as follows:(1)After soaking for 24h,the dry embryo conductivity of seedlot L is greaterthat than of seedlot H:(2)The substance exudation of dry embryo of seedlot H is less than that ofseedlot L;(3)After seeds imbibed,the substance exudation of dormant embryo of seedlot H is morethan that of seedlot L;(4)After germination hastening treatment,the substance exudation of H em-bryos is greater than that of L embryos;(5)After artificially accclcrated ageing treatment,the em-bryo conductivity of imbibed seeds has a positive correlation with seed vigour.     

秋水仙素对洋紫荆种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响

以洋紫荆(Bauhinia variegata)成熟种子为试验材料,采用质量浓度为0.5、1.0、1.5、2.0 mg/mL的秋水仙素溶液分别处理12、24、36和48 h,并以蒸馏水浸泡种子作为对照,观察测定其种子萌发特性及幼苗生长指标.结果表明,随着秋水仙素质量浓度的增加,种子发芽率逐渐降低,2.0 mg/mL溶液使大部分种子致死,0.5、1.0 mg/mL质量浓度秋水仙素处理24 h有利于种子萌发;种子胚根的伸长随着秋水仙素质量浓度的增加也受到不同程度地抑制;秋水仙素对发芽种子胚芽的发育有一定的抑制作用;不同质量浓度秋水仙素处理后第7个月,各处理间苗高与地径差异均极显著(P<0.01),质量浓度为1.0 mg/mL,处理36 h时,苗高和地径都最大;当秋水仙素质量浓度为2.0 mg/mL时,对叶片平均分裂角度有一定促进作用.     

不同引发处理对了哥王种子萌发的影响

以了哥王种子为材料,通过比较不同浓度的GA3、PEG、NaCl、复合盐KNO3·KH2PO4预浸种处理后种子发芽率、发芽势、发芽指数、活力指数等指标,研究不同引发剂对了哥王种子萌发的影响,结果表明：4种引发剂浸种处理均显著促进了哥王种子的萌发及幼苗生长,各指标提高效果均以GA3处理最好,PEG次之,再之为复合盐KNO3·KH2PO4, NaCl引发效果较差,并且随着引发剂浓度的升高呈先升高后降低的趋势。     

Effects of seed pre-soaking on the emergence and early growth of containerized Norway spruce seedlings

To study the effects of seed soaking on seedling emergence and development in Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] two commercial seed lots were soaked for 15 h in aerated water. After soaking, floating and sunken seeds were separated and analyzed prior to being sown in peat-filled containers. Seedling development was followed for one growing season. All sunken seeds were viable according to radiography whereas the floating seeds contained a considerable number of larvae filled and empty seeds. Mean time of emergence of the sunken seeds was approximately 1.5 days shorter than control (i.e. dry) seeds and floating seeds. Soaking had no effect on the time taken for most germinants to emerge in both seed lots, thus failing to synchronize seedling emergence. The later a seedling would emerge, the more likely it was for it to die during the growing season or to be culled at the end of the growing season. Soaking had an inconsistent effect on stem diameter at the end of the growing season and no effect on stem or root biomass. Seedling size uniformity was equal in all treatments. This study suggests that soaking and seed sorting does not guarantee a more uniform seedling crop, but this technique may be useful in upgrading poor quality seed lots of Norway spruce containing a high number of empty or larva infested seeds.