Effect of Longitudinal Reinforcement Rate on Shear Behavior of Beams without Web Reinforcement Restriction

Previous researches on shear behavior of inclined sections in reinforced concrete beams used to be carried out on a comparatively high longitudinal reinforcement ratio in the codes of various countries.However,the shear design methods based on the data obtained from these researches may have distinguished deviations.This paper studies the shear behavior on a comparatively low longitudinal reinforcement ratio.Research has indicated that different longitudinal reinforcement ratios have significant impact on the shear behavior and the development of cracks in the beams,and the shear design equation in the code applied to beams without wed reinforcement restrained maybe not safe enough.     

Effect of Varying Longitudinal Reinforcement Ratios on Shear Behavior of Reinforced Concrete Beams Without Web Reinforcement

Effect of varying longitudinal reinforcement ratios on shear behavior of reinforced concrete simply supported beams without web reinforcement was analyzed in this paper, with emphasis on both shear ultimate capacity and failure mode, on the basis of available testing data. Generic laws were thus obtained and codified methods, including ACI Code and China Design Code of Reinforced Concrete Structures, were evaluated as a result.     

Study on Effect of Longitudinal Reinforcement Ratio on Shear Behavior of Restrained Beams with Web Reinforcement

In this paper, five restrained beams with web and different longitudinal reinforcement ratio as well as above longitudinal reinforcement truncated were tested under static point loads. On this basis, the overall process of cracking development under shear and the effect of longitudinal reinforcement ratio on shear strength was investigated     

植物根系固土作用模型研究进展

植物根系固土作用模型研究已历经近40年,从简单的极限平衡模型到复杂的有限元和离散元数值模型,已发展到10余种。总结这些根系固土作用模型不仅对揭示根系加固土壤作用的力学机制和分析林地边坡的稳定性具有重要意义,对根系固土作用模型未来的研究方向也具有积极指导意义。笔者对根系固土作用模型分2部分进行综述,第一部分主要介绍根系固土作用的理论模型,包括：Wu模型、倾斜根系模型、位移模型、纤维束模型、根束增强模型和能量模型,以及这些模型的应用条件、模型优缺点、适用范围等。第二部分主要综述根系固土作用的数值模型,包括：有限元数值模型、离散元数值模型和造林边坡稳定性分析数值模型,并详细比较了有限元与离散元数值模型的优缺点和在造林边坡稳定性分析上的应用。最后探讨了目前根系固土作用模型研究中存在的不足以及未来的发展方向。     

Effect of Reinforcement Beam Sticking Different Layers Steel

This paper constituted the FEM(finite element method) model of sticky steel reinforcement beam and the model was used to analyze the reinforcement effect of the beam sticking different layers'' steel plate. The result shows two layers of steel is better than others, which agrees with theoretic analysis. It illuminate that the FEM model is in point for sticky steel reinforcement beam without crack.     

Reinforcement Treatment on the Uneven Subsidence of Foundation

There are several methods to cope with the common problem of the uneven subsidence of foundation. The reason for uneven settlement of foundation of the frame structure was analyzed in this paper. Considering the limitation of the construction site and the principle of consolidation, a feasible reinforcement measure was taken. Meanwhile, a practical construction pattern was chosen upon the comparison of the reinforcement technology analysis and the construction method. The observation of the settlement result after consolidation of the structure shows that the result of this reinforcement treatment pattern is effective.     

Test Study on the Small Span-to Depth Ratio Seismic Coupling Beams with Low Reinforcement Rate by New Reinforcement Scheme

Coupling beams are the key elements of plastic energy dissipation mechanisms in coupled walls.However,the design of the small span-to-depth ratio coupling beams with high ductility is still one of the problems not solved effectively in domestic and foreign seismic reinforced concrete structure design.The research group,where the authors of this paper are,brings forward a new reinforcement scheme with adding diagonal and rhombic bars to traditional reinforcement in the foundation.Test results prove that it is an effective way to solve the problems for it has good seismic performance and is easy to be constructed.This paper puts great emphasis on introducing the trial results and principal rules that are deduced from the test results of second set of specimens with low reinforcement rate.     

Consideration of External Prestressing Technique Applied to Bridge Reinforcement

The external prestresing technique has become an important method since it was used in the reinforcement of the upper structure of existing bridge. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of this method in brief are introduced and emphasis is put on the consideration and progress of its application.     

Reinforcement of Hydrated Calcium Silicate Powder to Silicone Rubber

In the conditions of low temperature and low pressure, the white hydrated calcium silicate powder was produced through the dynamic hydrothermal synthesis technology. Through studying the properties of hydrated calcium silicate powder which is made by different synthesis temperature and the influence of hydrated calcium silicate powder,calcium carbonate and quartz powder on the mechanical properties of silicone rubber, it is found that the hydrated calcium silicate powder which is produced at （120±5）℃ has better performance enhancement. Besides the size of particle, the surface reactivity is also an important factor.     

Theoretical Contour Line of Reinforcement Bar of Non uniform Corrosion

Most of the previous studies on corrosion of the steel bar in reinforced concrete structures is based on the assumption that the bar is uniformly corroded. The actual measurement in projects proved that most of the reinforcement bar is in non uniform corrosion state. Based on electrochemical principles of metal corrosion and combined with the real corrosion course of the bar in concrete structures, a theoretical model of the contour line of reinforcement bar due to non uniform corrosion is established, through deducing the speed of corrosion and theoretical corrosion penetration and volume changes due to corrosion of reinforcement in general air at different position and different time. At the same time, the model is verified with the results from relative references and measured data.     

Contrast Analysis of the Reinforcement Effect of Pile-Net Composite Foundation

To investigate the effect of consolidation soft soil, three groups of model tests were designed. The first group was PVC pile-net composite foundation, the second was pile-cap-net composite foundation, and the third was PVC and sand pile composite foundation. Butter was coated and plastic membrane was covered on inner side wall of model cast to reduce border effect. The gauges were glued with epoxy on the surface of the model with PVC piles and geogrids to measure the stress of PVC piles and geogrids. Soil pressure cells were installed in the middle of piles and the top of the sand piles, and dial indicators were installed in the middle of road and road shoulder to measure deformations. It is that shown: 1) as for the distribution of the road settlement and the differential settlement, the settlements of the third group are the largest and those of the second group are the least; 2) in terms of the stress ratio of PVC pile and soil, the values of the first group and the third group are similar, while the value of the second group is much larger; 3) the change of geogrid strain is disorderly. There are periodic peaks in the strain of geogrid of pile top and periodic troughs in the soil between the piles. The geogrid strain of the second group measured in the corresponding spot is much larger than those of the other two groups. The results of three groups of tests illustrate that if the condition is permitted, it would be the best to adopt the scheme of pile-cap-net composite foundation, which has better reinforcement effect for soft soil.     

印楝素强化浸提试验研究

印楝素为热敏性差的物质,印楝种子含油率高达20%,需在低温和强化条件下浸出。试验表明,浸前是否榨油对印楝浸出速度无明显影响,在超声波强化浸出条件下,40min的浸出率相当于常规2h的浸出率。若浸出时间都为2h,应用超声波强化浸出印楝素的浸出率高达95%,而常规浸出印楝素的浸出率只有84%,超声波强化浸出的效果非常显著。     

生态规划推进基层社会治理范式转换研究

本研究旨在通过分析包容性生态规划中各利益相关者的作用,指出其能够推动社会治理范式的转换。生态规划是中国正在推行的区域国土空间规划的一项重要内容,它是沟通自然与社会生态系统的桥梁,通过生态规划过程推进基层社会治理能力是区域国土空间规划能够取得成效的关键。本研究基于2000年以来的研究和实践,分析生态规划中基层政府及其部门、公众、规划师、其他社会力量等各方在生态规划的编制、实施、监测与评估等交互合作过程中的作用,将生态规划面临的两种社会治理范式进行了比较,指出生态规划包容合作的治理范式有能力助力社会治理范式转换。通过对包容性生态规划过程的描述,指出可以通过其具体过程中协调主体间性的方式助力社会治理转变为各利益相关者共同参与的、多方合作的治理体系和多元协商平台。     

Strut-and-tie Model for Reinforced Concrete Corbels and Reinforcement Design

In American code for design of Concrete Structures (ACI 318-08), the strut-and-tie model method was used as a normative appendix for D-region design of reinforced concrete members. The constituent of the strut-and-tie model was introduced. Calculation of internal forces in struts, ties and node zone were proposed according to the design parameters (loading, concrete strength, steel strength) of the current Chinese code (GB 50010-2010).Then the design procedure was provided. Strut-and-tie model design method for reinforced concrete corbels was proposed following Chinese code parameters which degree of safety was compared with in ACI 318-08 through an example. The compared result shows that the proposed method can be used for the design of reinforced concrete corbels with clearer mechanical concepts and easier calculations.     

Investigation on Shear Strength of Reinforced Concrete Beams without Web Reinforcement

On the basis of available testing data of simply supported reinforced concrete beams without web reinforcement under two-point concentrated loads,the dominant factors contributing to shear performance are identified,and the basic laws are correspondingly quantitatively described.The shear design equations of China Design Code of Reinforced Concrete Structures,ACI Code,together with two other expressions of shear of RC beams without web reinforcement,are thus calibrated to identify their accuracy in describing the shear mechanism of such members.     

Mechanism Analysis of Wall Crack and Method of Reinforcement on Isolated Foundation House

The machanism analysis for production of wall crack about a masonry construction building, based on the wall's stress alternation is given and is verified by the numerical method.Then,a method of reinforcing foundation and wall is introduced.     

植物根系固土力学机制模型

由于在边坡加固、生态环境保护等方面具有很多优越性,植物固土护坡技术近年来广泛应用于固土护坡工程中。植物固土护坡的力学效应主要体现在植物的根系上,包括植物浅根将岩土体变成加筋复合材料的加筋作用,以及深根将浅层岩土体风化带锚固到深层稳定岩土上的锚固作用。为了揭示并评价植物固土护坡的力学效应,需要具有实际应用价值的根系固土力学机制模型。本研究在分析植物根系固土力学机理的基础上,探讨了3个植物根系固土力学机制模型：Wu氏模型、能量法模型和纤维束模型的应用条件、模型的优缺点、适用范围及其环境适应性等,并展望了植物根系固土力学模型发展的趋势和方向,从模型角度深化植物根系固土力学机制理论研究,为全面揭示植物护坡的力学机理提供理论基础,为水土保持工程植物措施提供科学依据和理论指导。     

Experimental Study on the Extended Length of Negative Reinforcement Cut-in Phases in Continuous Beams

In this paper through the static loading tests of 6 inflexion zones and 2 cantilever zones in full-size constrained R/C beams, the stress performance in rebars cut-in-phases and subjected to negative moment is studied. The stress properties of extended length of rebars with different shear-span ratiosare analysed on basis of the full measurement of strain distributions combined with the investigation on state and regularity of the diagonal cracks development and series of new knowledge are obtained. It is found that current Concrete Design Code provisions on the extended length are inadequate for the high shear-span ratio and superfluous for the low shear-span ratio. The theoretical and experimental foundations are provided for determining proper value of extended length for rebars cut-in-phases.     

Lateral Bearing Capacity and Simplified Equations of Dry Stack In filled Reinforcement Concrete Frame Structure

The mechanism and lateral bearing capacity of reinforcement concrete (RC) frame with dry stack in filled panel (DSIP) were investigated using quasi static experiments and finite element models. According to the parallel model and equivalent strut model, the lateral bearing capacity of RC frame and DSIP were researched separately. Results show that: 1) The plain stress element and interface element are applicable in finite element (FE) model analysis. According to the FE model, the failure of RC frame with DSIP is caused by the damage of frame; 2) Lateral bearing capacity of DSIP is mainly from the friction between bricks in the panel, which can be divided into 3 stages: constant stage, increasing stage and ultimate stage; 3) Equations for lateral bearing capacity of DSIP were proposed and verified by FE model results.