城乡统筹背景下的村级土地利用规划空间布局研究——以重庆市北碚区静观镇4村规划为例

为探讨城乡统筹背景下的村级土地利用规划空间布局,采用趋势分析法和实证分析法分析了经济社会发展趋势和农业结构调整对土地利用变化的影响,即产业结构发展引导的村域用地空间布局优化。结果表明,产业结构的空间布局有利于土地利用结构的调整和空间布局,带动了区域经济的发展,实现了集约和合理利用土地。由研究可得,土地利用规划中需改革规划思路,突出产业空间结构引导土地利用规划空间布局的战略性地位。     

城市空间增长效应评价方法——以重庆市为例

在城市空间快速增长背景下,开展城市空间增长效应评价研究,有助于解决城市空间增长中出现的问题,可为确定城市空间发展战略、制定空间发展政策提供依据。城市空间增长效应评价方法旨在定量、客观地判断城市空间增长过程中要素配置与运行是否合理、高效和公平。笔者建立了结构配置效应、经济配置效应和公平配置效应3个方面的评价体系,通过目标法对城市空间增长效应进行评价,得出空间增长效应评价函数。以重庆市为例进行实证分析,结果显示：重庆市2004-2013年间的城市空间增长效应总体呈上升发展趋势,结构性、公平性趋好;合理配置效应和经济配置效应波动显著,反映出城市建设面临的用地结构优化、用地效率提升等方面的问题。     

Spatial Structure Adjustment Strategies of the Coal Resource-Based Cities during the Mature Period: A Case Study of Pingdingshan

Coal cities are the main part of the resource-based cities in China, and the benign development of coal cities' spatial structure has a direct impact on these cities' future economic and social development, as well as the urban residents' welfare. Land use fragmentation is the most typical morphological characteristic of the coal city's spatial structure development. In this paper, Pingdingshan City of Henan Province in China is taken as an example. Through empirical analysis, the urban spatial structure development processes of a typical coal resource-based city in its mature period are illustrated, and the formation reasons and potential mechanism behind coal city land use fragmentation are explored, and the measurement method of land use fragmentation degree of the coal city is put forward. On the above basis, the appropriate adjustment strategies and methods aimed at the coal city spatial structure are found out and given. This study is a good guideline and reference for the spatial structure planning and land use planning of the coal city during the mature and declining period, which is of great help to the sustainable development and industrial structure transformation of the coal city. It also has certain reference significance for the coal city in the growth period.     

中国农村居民点研究进展

分析了农村居民点研究中主要存在的问题,提出了该领域未来的发展方向,以对农村居民点研究提供参考。研究方法：随着我国社会经济的快速发展,农村居民点发生了一系列变化,大量文献对这种变化进行了阐述,对目前的研究成果进行总结梳理。研究结果：根据农村居民点的研究进展情况,从农村居民点空间结构及其变化、农村居民点演变驱动力机制、城乡一体化过程中有关农村居民点问题、农村居民点土地整理及其他有关农村居民点的研究等五个方面系统地总结农村居民点的研究进展。.研究结论：农村居民点研究的理论体系还需完善,空间分布提取方法有待提高,农村居民点土地整理方法尚需整合。     

Urban human activity density spatiotemporal variations and the relationship with geographical factors: An exploratory Baidu heatmaps-based analysis of Wuhan,China

With the development and popularity of mobile Internet technology, data sources of human activity in urban centers are rapidly updated and play an important role in supporting urban planning and management. Therefore, it is critical to integrate different data sources and detect spatially implicit information in the spatial pattern of relationships between urban human activity and related geographical factors. A new analytical framework is first proposed to integrate multisource location-based big data and use these data to analyze dynamic real-time human activity density (HAD). Taking Wuhan, the largest city in central China as an example, using the Baidu’s thermal data, this paper analyzes spatiotemporal characteristics of HAD distributions at different points on weekends and weekdays, and further combines the relevant cities’ points of interest data to analyze the correlations between different spatial elements and HAD distributions. The results show that: (a) Using a new indicator and data processing method can simply achieve effective utilization of Baidu’s thermal data; (b) Combined with standardized grids, spatial density estimation can match the two different data sources in this study; (c) The greater the HAD, the greater is the elasticity of change, and in the active population area, the densities of human activity on weekends and weekdays at different times have significant differences; and (d) Different geographically weighted regression models effectively distinguish the influence of different urban elements on weekdays and weekends. In particular, the impact patterns of the workplace, education, and cityscape reflect the unique spatial patterns of research cases. These findings, as well as visual analytics, help in the understanding of the potential value of Baidu heatmaps in urban study and provide support for more scientific and accurate urban planning and space management for the better consideration of real-time changes in human activity.     

中国西部地区县域城乡统筹发展模式探讨

县域城乡统筹发展是西部地区经济社会发展的必由之路。现阶段,受资源禀赋、人力资源、产业发展、制度环境等要素条件影响,中国东、中、西部县域城乡统筹发展水平有明显差异。自2001年国家实施西部大开发战略以来,特别是“十一五”时期,西部地区县域经济城乡统筹发展已经取得积极成效。西部不少市县在立足当地实际、因地制宜地加快县域城乡统筹发展的过程中,逐步形成各具特色的县域城乡统筹发展模式。对于西部地区县域城乡统筹发展模式的研究,也就在于总结、梳理西部各省县域城乡统筹发展成就、经验和做法,比较不同区域、不同县区县域城乡统筹发展路子或模式,探讨西部地区统筹城乡发展、转变经济发展方式思路和对策。     

The spatial-temporal evolution of urban development patterns in Chinese cities: Dynamics and interpretations

This paper examines the spatial-temporal evolution of urban spatial structure across 269 Chinese prefectural cities from 2002 to 2019. Our analysis identifies a consistent trend toward a more polycentric configuration in the 25 Chinese mega-cities during this period, primarily due to population growth and a supportive policy environment. However, the evolutionary pathways of small- and medium-sized cities unfolded in a rather complex and diverse manner, with some becoming more polycentric while the majority adhering to a monocentric trajectory. In these cases, population growth is usually associated with a more monocentric pattern, characterized by rapid expansion of the urban core, while polycentric development is primarily attributed to specific spatial policies that support the emergence of subcenters. We conclude that polycentric development, while potentially suitable for mega-cities to alleviate diseconomies of scale, may be less appropriate for small- and medium-sized cities as it may constrain growth associated with agglomeration economies. We suggest that the development and implementation of regional spatial policy should be considerate of local historical paths and contextual factors. Finally, we propose a stylized framework to more accurately reflect the diverse and complex nature of urban spatial structure evolution in Chinese prefectural cities.     

Heterogeneous Spaces in the City: Study on Spatial Characteristics of Tibetan Settlements in Chengdu

Settlement of the minorities is a particular heterogeneous space in a metropolis,and such spaces exist as inseparable parts of the city for historical,social and geopolitical reasons.Taking Tibetan settlement in Wuhou District,Chengdu City for example,this study analyzed spatial features and evolution history of minority settlements,and explored how to respect and accept historic signifi cance and cultural value of these heterogeneous spaces during the rapid urban development,and then use them reasonably and reform creatively,so as to maintain their original spatial features and integrate the spaces into the overall urban structure.     

Training Mode of Applied Talents in Urban and Rural Planning Major

Facing the development and change of contemporary urban and rural planning discipline and social talent demand,it is imperative to develop the talent training of urban and rural planning major.Based on the teaching platform,this study constructed a perfect talent training mode,implemented modular teaching,took the occupation as the guidance,carried out the application-oriented talent training,and delivered high-quality professionals to the society.     

城市功能区视角下的都市农区研究

为了科学规划城市农用地,有必要确立都市农区概念,研究都市农区的基本内涵、空间特征和地域类型。都市农区是指由城市空间内农用地构成的城市功能区,一般仅限于市辖区。相对理想化的都市农区的空间尺度大体上为200 hm²,宜以呈小集中大分散的空间形态融入城市功能组团。都市农区有城市化地区、准城市化地区、半城市化地区、浅城市化地区和城市生态敏感区5种地域类型。依据都市农区区位特征、资源禀赋与功能需求的差异性,合理配置依托城市、服务城市的多功能农业,是形成城乡经济社会发展一体化新格局对城市规划提出的重要新课题。     

Evolution of Campus Form from the Perspective of Knowledge Science

Through analyzing influence of various factors on spatial form of campus, the author proposed from the perspective of knowledge science that orientation and mode of knowledge activities play a decisive role in the spatial form evolution of campus, and then demonstrated the viewpoint by elaborating spatial form evolution history of campuses of different ages in different regions. On this basis, the future development trend of campus form in the information era was explored.     

三明市梅列区绿地景观结构分析

为全面了解三明市梅列区绿地分布结构,采用目视解译技术,提取三明市梅列区2007年航空遥感影像绿地信息,并分析其绿地景观格局特征。结果表明：梅列区绿地率为23.58%,绿地斑块密度为147.4776个/hm2,平均分维数为1.5840,蔓延度（或聚集度）为72.7777,绿地多样性指数SHDI为0.9494,均匀度指数SHEI为0.4879。6种绿地类型面积：公共绿地PU＞居住区绿地R＞交通绿地T＞公共建设绿地PC＞防护绿地PR＞农业绿地A。从斑块特征看,梅列区绿地斑块类型以中型斑块为主(45.54%),Ⅱ中型斑块(116.9398 hm2)＞Ⅲ中大型斑块(72.5536 hm2)＞Ⅳ大型斑块(51.9676 hm2)＞Ⅰ小型斑块(15.3127 hm2)。对8个景观破碎化指数进行主成分分析,降维处理后4个主成分的累计方差贡献率达99.782%。不同绿地类型的破碎化水平为R> PC> PR> T> A> PU。从空间关系看,R、A、T、PR斑块较连续、紧凑,而PC和PU斑块相对比较孤立。研究结果旨在为三明市绿地系统规划建设和生态安全格局研究提供参考依据。     

Harmonious Town Development in Wujiang River Basin and Three Gorges Area

The relations between construction of Three Gorges Project and development of Wujiang River Basin are illustrated from three aspects. The importance of harmonious township development in Wujiang River Basin and Three Gorges Area is discussed and the strategies for harmonious development are proposed. Firstly, to promote the hydroelectric power development of the stream and accelerate the urbanization of Wujiang River Basin; next, establish rational urban system structure to realize the regional harmonious development within Three Gorges Area. Detailed proposition is given in this paper to establish the spatial relations between Wujiang River Basin and Three Gorges Area and further suggestion is put forward to perform research on urbanization and urban systems in these areas.     

北京市城市农业发展前景研究

市民利用城市内小空间开展农业生产实践已成为一项重要的休闲活动,而城市农业也已成为发达国家城市规划中的一项重要内容。此文通过对国外城市农业、郊区农业和中国都市农业范畴之间进行对比分析,研究了国内外城市农业的发展过程、模式、技术和风险;根据北京市城市农业发展现状和都市型现代农业布局,分析了北京市城市农业发展前景,认为北京市城市农业有一定的市场和社会需求,并提出了北京市城市农业的发展重点、模式和对策。研究认为：北京市城市农业的发展应注重提升农业在城市中的景观、生态、文化、教育和休闲服务等功能;主要建设模式包括教育展示农业、公共绿地农业、机构生态景观农业、楼宇社区农业、庭院农业、市民农园和会展农业;建议和对策包括：通过部门联动和研讨,规范和引导城市农业发展;通过实验示范,研究城市农业发展模式和技术;通过现状调研和技术集成,构建城市农业科技支撑体系;通过调研和企业化运作,建立城市农业技术市场服务体系。     

Practices of place‐making: Globalisation and locality in the Philippines

Abstract: Global flows of people and information in the Asia–Pacific region are creating new forms of place that stretch across national boundaries and rural–urban distinctions. These new mobile forms of place link long‐inhabited rural areas to cities, national centres, and to rural frontiers within the nation. Here, we describe new forms of place that are being produced by contemporary migration and economic change, using data from the Philippines and applying Appadurai's theorisation of translocality. Our analysis links these flows of overseas migrants to concomitant processes of economic change, migration and new rural livelihoods. We outline changing practices of place within the Philippines, exploring ways that transnational migration can articulate with apparently ‘local’ development and the flow‐on effects from migration on the spatial patterns of rural livelihoods.     

Ecological Planning of Spartina alterniflora Invaded Tideland Based on Mechanical Mowing and Hydraulic Reclamation: A Case Study of Xihu Port in Xiangshan County

Spartina alterniflora is a major invasive plant in the coastal tideland of China that has serious negative impact on local economy and ecology.This paper took Hugang New Town in Xiangshan County,Zhejiang Province for example,concluded the method of controlling S.alterniflora by integrating mechanical mowing and hydraulic reclamation in view of the threatening expansion of this species and serious land shortage in the local area.Moreover,it explored the ecological planning method of reclamation area based on this method.In view of the ecological sensitivity of the reclamation area,urban ecological planning concept was introduced into both processes of the development:penetrative reclamation and urban planning.The reclamation project has to meet such requirements as site selection,scope,water surface ratio etc.,the planning ensures the ecological sustainability in functional orientation,spatial structure,green space system and development intensity.     

Optimization of Urban Opening Space Pattern Based on Landscape Ecology

City is a spatial synthesis which consists of various buildings and urban opening space.With the developing of the urbanization,the urban planning will directly influence the sustainable development of a city,and the optimization of the urban zone pattern is the main section of the urban planning.The urban opening space is the main part of the urban landscape with important eco-function.Due to its flexibility,the urban opening space is becoming the object of the urban landscape pattern.In this study,some ecological problems during urban development were discussed,and a series of strategies of urban opening space pattern optimization have been put forward based on landscape planning theories.     

The Dynamic Conservation Strategy of Central Historic Block in Baoding

Under the traditional static protection mode that advocates controlling and stresses no change to the original, the central historic block in Baoding is facing some new problems such as the setting back of physical environment, isolation from the urban development and imbalance of the regional economical development. Based on investigation and analysis, the goals and dynamic conservation strategy were proposed for central historic block. The strategy took the dynamic conservation theory, in which the holistic protection and sustainable development were the features, as theoretic tool. And from urban planning, urban administration, society economic growth, urban space design and historic buildings protection aspects, the relationship between protection, renaissance and development were studied with the dynamic conservation strategy.     

重庆市永川区土地利用空间格局变化模拟

为了研究快速城市化过程中县级尺度土地利用结构特征,从而更精确把握土地利用与覆被变化的动态过程。将GIS技术与CLUE-S模型结合研究重庆市永川区土地利用空间格局的变化。结果表明：永川区2000—2010年土地利用类型变化均以森林和农田为主,各期占总面积90%以上。从2000—2010年城镇面积显著增加,增加了16.11%,且2005—2010年城镇面积变化程度比2000—2005年变化更为剧烈。森林面积在10年间少量增加。10年间农田面积减少了1660 hm2。对永川区土地利用变化设定3种情景进行模拟,并对预测结果进行比较分析。由此得出：在快速城市化的驱动下,永川区土地利用景观格局变化以森林和农田为主,城镇面积大幅度增加,森林面积也呈现增加趋势。相应地农田面积减少。生态保护情景模式下对生态环境有保护作用的土地利用类型有较好的调控效果。     

河南省城镇建设用地变化的经济驱动机制分析

以河南省城镇建设用地为研究对象,在对区域城镇用地现状评述的基础上,采用调查、统计、分析的方法分析了区域城镇建设用地存在的主要问题,对影响区域城镇用地统筹的经济驱动机制进行分析。研究指出了河南省城镇规模普遍偏小、用地集约度较低、土地经济产出水平较低、用地内部结构和布局不尽合理,同时提出消费需求变化、社会投资变化、产业结构调整、经济增长方式是引起河南省城镇建设用地变化的主要驱动因素