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前言乌桕金带蛾(Eupterote sapivara Yang.)是贵州乌桕(Sapium sebiferum Roxb)树上主要害虫之一,取食叶、嫩枝及花萼,除乌桕外还为害22种经济、用材树种。该虫在贵州乌桕产区连年成灾,面积达数十万亩,使乌桕籽减产15~20%;出油率下降8~15%;仅务川县1987年该虫暴发成灾 相似文献
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乌桕籽综合开发利用概述 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
为了深入研究乌桕作为生物质能源的利用价值,笔者从乌桕籽蜡、仁、壳各部分利用价值等方面对乌桕籽的开发利用进行了阐述。通过综述乌桕籽所提取的皮油、梓油及籽壳的主要用途,对乌桕籽资源开发利用提出建议,从而解决实际应用中出现的问题,实现乌桕籽的高效利用。 相似文献
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乌桕金带蛾防治技术研究课题组 《贵州林业科技》1990,18(2):44-44
一.目的和意义乌桕金带蛾(Eupterote sapivora Yang.)是乌桕、香椿、泡桐等经济、用材林上最主要的害虫之一,涂环防治是目前最经济、有效、安全的防治措施,为使广大防治人员更有效的掌握和运用涂环防治技术,以达到控制乌桕金带蛾危害之目的,特制定本操作规程。 相似文献
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黄宽颚步甲 Parna rufotesoea Jedl 曾被报道是茶园害虫中的一种天敌昆虫,在近期的研究工作中又发现该步甲亦取食乌桕金带蛾幼虫。因此笔者在以往研究其生物学特性基础上重点对该步甲取食乌桕金带蛾 Eupterote sapivora Yang 幼虫进 相似文献
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乌桕树又叫木梓树,是一种经济价值较高的多年生木本油料,果实叫乌桕籽。从桕籽外部白色蜡质层榨出来的固体油,叫皮油或白油、白蜡,可制造肥皂、蜡烛、蜡纸等;从种仁中榨出来的干性油,叫梓油或青油,可制作润滑油、防锈油和油漆、油墨等,是轻化工业的宝贵原料。近些年,科研部门从乌桕籽中提炼出类可可脂,可以代替进口的可可生产巧克力和人造奶油等食品,国家科委已 相似文献
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豫南大别山乌桕品种资源调查 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
乌桕是一种用途广泛、经济价值和生态效益较高的经济林树种,种子全籽出油率达 46.9%。国外称乌桕为“绿色原子弹”、“绿色珍珠”和“特种油料作物”。河南省乌桕研究协作组从 1995年开始对豫南大别山品种资源进行了调查,并依据乌桕品种划分的基本理论,参考乌桕果形、果实特征等,将豫南大别山乌桕归纳为两大品种群和一个中间型,首次澄清了豫南大别山乌桕品种资源,筛选出了该区优良的乌桕农家品种。 1乌桕品种划分的依据 根据乌桕在生长和发育过程中,反映出来的遗传性状,对品种的适应范围和能力,经济性状和栽培利用价值,以及… 相似文献
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利用扫描电镜(SEM)分析了马尾松边材素样以及6种防腐剂处理马尾松边材在被褐腐菌侵染后的降解情况,采用同步热分析(TGA-DSC)研究了试样热解特性、各反应阶段热动力学参数等。研究表明:当热解温度升高到600℃时,各试样失重率从小到大依次为10%丙酮<10%蒸馏水<马尾松素样<4%樟脑<10%乙酸乙酯<10%甲醇<4%氨溶烷基铜铵(ACQ),最大失重量越大则对应试样防腐剂的防腐效果越好。各试样的热解在低温区(260~380℃)和高温区(380~600℃)分别满足一级和二级反应动力学方程。各试样活化能从一级反应到二级反应阶段均出现不同程度减小。试样浸渍的防腐剂防腐效果越好,其褐腐后的纤维素含量保留得就越多,则对应试样的一级热解反应活化能越高。 相似文献
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毛竹苗期NPQ和ETR特征初步研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
以毛竹(Phyllostachys edulis)实生苗为材料,利用叶绿素荧光技术,研究了毛竹叶片叶绿素荧光参数非光化学猝灭(NPQ)、表观光合电子传递速率(ETR)的变化规律.结果表明,充分暗适应之后,随着光合有效辐射(PAR)逐渐增强(0~1800 μ mol·m-2s-1),NPQ也随之增加,ETR则呈现先上升,后下降的趋势;在低强度光照下(200 μ mol·m-2s-1),NPQ则呈现先上升,在20~80s内迅速达到最大值,之后逐渐下降,至380s时趋于平稳,ETR则先上升,在20s时稍下降,40s后又逐渐上升,至380s时趋于平稳. 相似文献
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[目的]为有效地监测苹小吉丁林间发生动态,寻找无公害防治的新途径。[方法]本研究首先在室内利用5种波长单色光对苹小吉丁进行了敏感波长的选择性试验,然后在野外苹果园内悬挂9种波长粘虫板对苹小吉丁进行了诱集对比试验。[结果]室内试验结果表明,苹小吉丁对5种波长单色光具有不同程度的趋性,依次为:530 nm>590 nm>450 nm>380 nm>650 nm,雌虫的趋光反应率显著高于雄虫。从光强度试验结果来看,苹小吉丁对5种单色光的趋性随着光强的增强而增高。从林间诱集试验结果来看,9种波长粘虫板对苹小吉丁诱集效果有一定的差异,其中绿色(550 nm)和蛋黄色(580 nm)粘虫板对苹小吉丁的诱集效果最好,3d最大诱捕量分别达到7头·张^-1、6头·张^-1,单位时间平均诱捕数量分别为2.86头·张^-1、2.70头·张^-1;对紫色和红色粘虫板趋性最弱。[结论]苹小吉丁对530-590 nm范围内的波长比较敏感。波长为550~590 nm粘虫板可作为苹小吉丁林间种群动态观测十分有效的手段。 相似文献
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Near Infrared (NIR) and Fluorescence (FS) spectroscopy were investigated for their ability to rapidly separate three Canadian softwoods: balsam fir, western hemlock, and white spruce. NIR and FS spectral data were used to develop classification models using soft independent modeling of class analogies (SIMCA) method. For each wood species, spectra of 90 wood specimens were collected over a wavelength window of 800–2,500?nm for NIR spectral data and a wavelength range of 380–540 and 380–705?nm for FS spectral data. Raw spectra and first-derivative-transformed spectra were used to develop NIR calibration models to separate the three wood species using the wavelength ranges, 800–2,500, 1,100–2,200, and 1,300–2,000?nm, by the SIMCA method. Similarly, FS raw spectral data were also used to develop FS calibrations using wavelength ranges of 380–540 and 380–705?nm. Principal component analysis models were made for each class from the calibration set consisting of 65 specimens of each of the three wood species. Specimens not present in the calibration set (27 specimens of each wood species) were tested for classification according to the SIMCA method at a 5 and 25% significance level. Type I error associated with the models developed with NIR spectral data ranged from 0 to 19 and 0 to 52% for the 5 and 25% significance levels, respectively, while type II error ranged from 2 to 50 and 0 to 19%, respectively. When tested at a 5% significance level, there was no significant improvement in NIR models developed with first-derivative-transformed spectra over models developed with raw spectra. Type I error associated with the models developed with Fluorescence spectral data ranged from 0 to 4 and 7 to 30% for the 5 and 25% significance levels, respectively, while type II error ranged from 1 to 9 and 0 to 1%, respectively. There were no significant differences in performance of FS models developed with spectra using wavelength ranges of 380–540 and 380–705?nm. 相似文献
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Wang Lichun Liu Kuanyu Wang Zhiying Zhang Guocai Qu ShaoyiNortheast Forestry UniversityCheng Huanzhang Xu shanbinDaxing''''anling Forest Management BureauFeng Zenghe Sun Yufa Lu KuichengShibazhan Forestry Bureau 《林业研究》1991,2(2):109-110
The nucleopolyhedrosis virust(NPV)of larch casebearer(Dendrolimus superans)is inquadrangle or irregular form. It’s diameter is ranged from 1.21um to 2.33um.There is one ormany vrions in each envelope.The size of the virion is about 29.1--60.5nm×244.2--325.6nm 相似文献
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《Wood material science & engineering》2013,8(4):209-216
Abstract To investigate the role of extractives on heat-induced discoloration of wood, samples of black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia) wood flour were extracted with various solvents prior to heat-treatment. Analysis of their color parameters and chromophoric structures showed that the chroma value of the unextracted sample decreased while that of the extracted sample increased after heat-treatment. Both samples showed broad diffuse reflectance UV-Vis (DRUV) absorption bands with maxima around 360–380 nm after heat-treatment due to the formation of conjugated double bonds, carbonyl functionalities, and quinoid structures. Compared with the unextracted sample, the dominant chromaticity of the extracted samples hypochromatically shifted and the peak became narrower. This result showed that extractives contribute mostly to the reduction in the light reflection on heat-treated wood. In addition to extractives, lignin and hemicellulose also contributed to the formation of color substances upon heat-treatment. The increase in C3/C2 ratio in X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) spectra signified the oxidation reactions in the heating process. The increase in O1/O2 for extracted sample after heat-treatment and changes in DRUV and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra support the hypothesis that discoloration can also arise from the degradation of hemicellulose and the condensation reactions of lignin. 相似文献
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以新疆湿地资源为对象,利用3S技术,对新疆CBERS、SPOT5和LandsatTM遥感数据进行调查监测,并结合野外实地验证,调查研究新疆湿地资源面积、分布规律和野生动植物资源。结果表明:新疆湿地分布于15个行政区,划分为4大类17型,总面积为3 948 159.07hm~2;湿地维管束植物共有1 227种,隶属40目93科380属;湿地脊椎动物有234种,隶属于5纲25目47科。 相似文献
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速生菇木树种黧蒴引种试验 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
通过4年的引种试验,结果表明,黧萌生长快,菇术产量高,生物量大,直播造林4年生单株平均胸径、树高,冠幅和菇木产量分别为3.7cm、4.0cm、25.和5.2kg,分别是乡土速生菇木树种马桂木、枫香、拟赤杨的1.5~2.2倍、1.3~1.5倍、1.3~2、1倍和4.3~87倍;适应性较强,浅极性,幼苗对环境的抗逆性较弱,生长缓慢,第3年开始表现出速生的特性。适宜在我区低山、丘陵地引种推广。 相似文献
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本文采用竹腔注射40油防治两色绿刺蛾均有效果.注射剂量3~5 mL/株较剂量1~2 mL/株的防治效果好.竹腔注射3~5 mL/株40%氧化乐果乳油,施药5 d后,两色绿刺蛾虫口校正死亡率可达93.5%以上. 相似文献