生态规划推进基层社会治理范式转换研究

本研究旨在通过分析包容性生态规划中各利益相关者的作用,指出其能够推动社会治理范式的转换。生态规划是中国正在推行的区域国土空间规划的一项重要内容,它是沟通自然与社会生态系统的桥梁,通过生态规划过程推进基层社会治理能力是区域国土空间规划能够取得成效的关键。本研究基于2000年以来的研究和实践,分析生态规划中基层政府及其部门、公众、规划师、其他社会力量等各方在生态规划的编制、实施、监测与评估等交互合作过程中的作用,将生态规划面临的两种社会治理范式进行了比较,指出生态规划包容合作的治理范式有能力助力社会治理范式转换。通过对包容性生态规划过程的描述,指出可以通过其具体过程中协调主体间性的方式助力社会治理转变为各利益相关者共同参与的、多方合作的治理体系和多元协商平台。     

风景区旅游可持续发展评价——以庐山风景区为例

风景区旅游可持续发展评价是对不同历史阶段旅游可持续发展状态的量化评价。采用层次分析法(analytic hierarchy process,AHP)中的幂法构建综合评价矩阵,从经济发展、社会进步、环境支持的角度,对庐山风景区1990—2000年的相关指标数据进行分析。结果表明:在该历史时段内,风景区旅游可持续发展水平不高,协调性较差,可持续发展与不可持续发展交替变换。其中,1993、1995、1997、1999年,1≤CI≤1.732,风景区的社会可持续发展、经济可持续发展与环境可持续发展三者之间比较协调,旅游处于"强可持续发展"状态;1992年,0≤CI≤1,三者之间发展不协调,但相互之间可以互补,旅游处于"弱可持续发展"状态;1994、1996、2000年,-1≤CI≤0,三者之间发展不协调,也不能通过互补来调节,旅游处于"弱不可持续发展"状态;1991、1998年,-1.732≤CI≤-1,三者之间发展不协调,也不能通过互补来调节,旅游处于"强不可持续发展"状态。     

基于RS、GIS的城市化流域土地利用的生态风险研究——以松花江干流哈尔滨段为例

以城市化流域-松花江干流哈尔滨段为例,基于RS和GIS技术,分析研究区土地利用变化及结构特征基础上,引入生态风险指数。利用空间分析方法对采样点生态风险指数进行空间插值,生成生态风险程度空间分布及变化特征图,以揭示城市化背景下土地利用的生态风险时空演变特征、变化规律及形成机理,最大限度地降低城市化过程中土地利用风险水平。结果表明:18年来研究区生态风险主要以中等程度为主,高生态风险区的比例最小,较高、较低生态风险区面积变化量最大;建成区和城郊过渡带为高、较高生态风险的分布区,低、较低生态风险集中分布于植被覆盖度高的林地和水域、草地及灌木林地等,高、低生态风险存在着明显的过渡地带;耕地→居民工矿用地和耕地→林地是略微变差型和略微变好型的主要土地利用转换轨迹;较低生态风险区的重心偏移量最大,高生态风险区最小,分别为12.31、0.57km。     

欠发达县域乡村生态旅游开发构想——以贵州省黔西县为例

乡村生态旅游是未来乡村旅游的发展方向。乡村生态旅游非常适合乡村旅游资源丰富,而生态环境较脆弱的欠发达县域开展。通过简述乡村生态旅游开发的相关研究进展,以贵州省黔西县为个案,对黔西县乡村生态旅游资源进行了分类研究,并从区位、客源、近邻旅游竞合关系、旅游资源互补性和景点离散度5个方面对其开发条件进行了评价,在此基础上,笔者从乡村生态旅游的空间布局规划、旅游产品体系设计、旅游景观廊道构建、旅游品牌形象塑造和旅游制度建设5个方面提出了开发设想,以期对欠发达县域乡村生态旅游开发提供参考。     

村落的日常生活研究 ——基于X村的案例分析

村落是中国农村社会结构的一个基本要素,也是农村社会变迁的基本单位。从日常生活这一新视角切入,选取典型个案村落为类型代表,通过访谈调查和案例分析,对村落村民具体细微日常生活世界的直接观察,对村民日常生活行为和观念的叙述,直观展示它们生活的基本样式及其变化,在日常生活中来捕捉、探究这一类型村落社会变迁的历程和轨迹。研究结果表明:X村的日常生活世界具有多元并存的特点:既有农耕特点,又有城市特性,既有传统特征,又有现代特色,是一种完全意义上渐变型自然经济村落。这种村落在现代农村社会变迁中是最具理想的一种,但是在传统与现代之间一定要找准它们的衔接点,这样才能更好的平衡农村与城市两者间的关系,引导传统村落更加合理的进步变迁。     

茶文化旅游模式研究及开发策略——以浙江顾渚村为例

在研究茶文化旅游特征及当今旅游模式的基础上,借鉴前人研究经验,提出茶文化旅游模式应综合考虑开发者利益、游客需求、当地资源特色和产品设计等要素,使其具有多种不同的组合方式,在应用中增强其能动性。因此茶文化旅游目的地选择模式时,需根据自身特点设计不同产品,确定开发方,满足不同的游客需求,以达到最大的生态效益、社会效益和经济效益。以顾渚村为例,通过实地考察、问卷调查等途径探讨其茶文化旅游模式,并提出相应发展建议。     

北京山区沟域生态承载力评价指标体系与方法研究

本文在北京山区沟域生态承载力内涵的基础上,从实现沟域经济社会可持续发展及经济与环境协调发展的角度,从生态弹性指数、资源环境承载指数、资源环境压力度等方面,构建了北京山区沟域生态承载力评价指标体系,并应用综合评价法构建了评价模型,为北京山区沟域的生态承载力评价提供了技术依据。     

县域农业产业化可持续发展探索——以江西省余干县为例

目前农业产业化已经成为中国促进农业增效和农民增收的关键措施,也是解决“三农”问题,整体推进农村经济工作的重要手段。在农业产业化发展体系日趋完善的同时,由此带来的一系列问题（土地持续利用、农村环境改善、农产品加工废物、循环产业链延长等）也逐步凸现出来,对农业产业化可持续发展提出了挑战。本研究以余干县农业产业化发展为例,通过对余干县农业产业化发展的现状、问题及生态足迹的分析,发现余干县农业产业化发展处于不可持续状态,并从可持续发展的角度探讨了余干县农业产业化发展的方向（农业产业化与生态农业相结合、农业产业化与旅游观光业相结合）,以期为县域农业产业化的长期可持续发展提供可行的途径。

     

河南省生态经济区划研究

为协调区域经济发展和生态环境的关系,实现区域经济的可持续发展,以河南省生态环境数据和社会经济数据为基础构建相应的评价指标体系,对全省的生态经济分异特征进行分析,完成了以市为单元的生态经济区划研究。结果表明：河南省生态环境状况可以分为优和良两个级别,分别占河南省总面积的27.22%和72.78%;河南省经济发展状况可以分为经济较好区、经济中等区、经济较差区3个级别,分别占河南省总面积的4.51%、61.67%、33.82%;根据河南省市域尺度上的生态环境状况和人类社会经济活动状况,将全省划分为5个生态经济区。调整产业结构和保护生态环境是河南省未来的发展方向。     

城市公园灰空间研究——以哈尔滨太阳岛公园为例

"灰空间"作为一个建筑概念被提出,主要指连接室内外的过渡空间。近年来,灰空间也逐渐被应用到园林领域。基于建筑和园林灰空间的研究,提出了城市公园灰空间的定义,确定了其属性、形态、密度和类型,并以哈尔滨太阳岛公园内12处灰空间为研究对象,按形态将其分为4类,结合属性、密度、类型3个方面进行实例分析,以期通过分析对未来城市公园的设计起到积极的作用。     

Operation of Debt-to-equity Swaps in State-owned Enterprise: a Game Theory''s Viewpoint

Operation of Debt to equity Swaps are thought to be a game process of conflict of interest when concerned interest groups seek furthest uses of them and dispute eminent domain of financial resources if state owned enterprise's property right configuration is not to be changed. That is to say, operation of swaps of debt to equity is one game between commercial bank and state owned enterprise firstly, and then it is another game of actualizing contract between AMC and stated owned enterprise. So the corresponding models are constructed according to game theory. The result indicates that enterprise and bank can compass an equilibrium and come to an agreement of swaps of debt equity. Nay, AMC must build up hawkish visualize to supervise and control enterprise's financial affairs and management in order to gain dividend and rights of section is bought back.     

县域农业循环经济发展模式及对策研究

为了改变当前中国县域农业经济粗放型发展的现状,实现生态和环境协调发展的目标,寻求一种适合县域农业的发展模式,以循环经济理论和生态学为依据,以山东省东阿县为例,探讨了农业循环经济思想在农业上的应用;从该县农业发展面临的资源、生态环境等条件出发,论证了推进农业循环经济发展的必然性,初步构想了东阿县农业循环经济发展的具体模式,并提出了进一步发展农业循环经济相关对策和建议。发展农业循环经济是构建循环型经济社会,实现可持续发展的重要组成部分,也是实现农业转型的必然发展趋势;笔者所做的初步研究期望为县域农业循环经济的发展提供参考依据。     

Museum Functions and Visitors

The plentiful experiences of museum enable the patterns,value and concept of museum change constantly.The relation between museums and their own visitors is continuously improved.For more and more museums it is understood that the visitors are either the customers to serve or the social foundation,the museums depend on.The visitors are the indispensable basic factors for the museum.The studies on the visitors have been the important tasks in the practice of modern museums.In this paper,the psychology and perception psychology of museum visitors are discussed and how;the visitors make a notable impact on the improvement of museum functions is studied.     

Nuodeng Salt Village Under the View of Mixed Heritage

Located in Yunlong Dali, Nuodeng salt-village has thousands of years deep in Bai history, culture of the precipitation, the rich historical and cultural heritage of the Bai nationality. In Bai settlement formation and development history, its diverse natural appearances and rich cultural styles have the dual characteristics in natural and cultural heritage. Nuodeng salt-village is a connection between central plains culture and South Asia culture, also a complete ecological museum. By this time, this essay put Jinan springs under the view of mixed heritage based on the background of its history and geography, to identify the natural and cultural value of Nuodeng salt-village by comparison and conclude the heritage protection planning accordingly.     

Study on DAQ System by Using LabVIEW

Dong village is very valuable for research work because of its special regional and national character and rich cultural implication. In this paper, some information about the location, form and features of Dong village is given. Then, the relationship between the culture and the settlement is analyzed, which provides a clue for understanding Dong village and will be beneficial to creating modern human settlements.     

中国生态补偿研究的现状分析与展望

通过查阅中国学术期刊网络出版总库和国家自然科学基金、国家社会科学基金立项项目,回顾中国二十几年来生态补偿研究的进展,从论文数量、论文研究涉及领域、论文作者单位和立项数量、立项内容等角度进行量化分析显示,国内生态补偿研究具有研究成果丰富、学位论文稳步增长、研究领域广泛、研究队伍稳定、团队合作明显、立项项目呈增长趋势、青年项目较多、开拓研究新领域等特点,同时存在高质量论文偏少、研究缺乏深入、与国外相比研究相对滞后和后续研究不足、项目所在学科背景单一等不足,并在此基础上对今后生态补偿的研究提出一些思考和展望。     

Understanding ‘resource’ conflicts in Papua New Guinea

Abstract: Papua New Guinea, with its heavy dependence on natural resources, limited economic development in the past two decades, poor record of governance and high‐profile separatist conflicts such as the Bougainville civil war, appears to be an exemplar of the ‘Resource Curse’ theory – the notion that natural resources actively undermine economic development. Using a number of examples from a range of scales, this paper argues that what appear to be ‘resource’ conflicts in Papua New Guinea are actually better conceived as conflicts around identity and social relationships. The very different conceptualisation of natural resources in most Melanesian societies – as elements of the social world as much as any external environmental sphere – means that resources become a conduit for local social and political agendas and tensions to be expressed. The nature of traditional conflict in Melanesian societies is discussed as a guide to the better management and resolution of what appear to be ‘resource’ conflicts in Papua New Guinea.     

Selecting Enterprises for Swap of Debt to Equity and Mechanism Design

The swap of debt to equity in state owned enterprises is dynamic game processes of conflicting and struggling among the concerned parties for the maximization of its payoffs and the seeking of domination for financial resources, and can be accomplished successfully when its being brought into effect is going to be propitious to the concerned parties. This paper analyzes the problem of selecting enterprises for swap of debt to equity under the frame of information economics theory, and argues that the selection of enterprises for swap of debt to equity is a problem of mechanism design. As the expected utility function of enterprises is analyzed and Asset Management Corporations adopts a series of measures to deal with it according to analysis, a policy frame will have been constructed.     

The Role of Government in Housebreaking

There is a conflict of the interests among the housebreaking householder, the developer and the government. In this paper, the different interests among the three sides are analyzed based on the city housebreaking management ordinance. It is suggested that taking intervention measures by the government to restrict the behavior of the developer and guarantee the interests of the weak parties to find a way out from the conflict.     

Constitutive Equations for Thermo-mechanical Coupling Problems

The conflict events that occurred in construction engineering project(CEP) bring about a lot of adverse influence on project implementation.Furthermore,there is a limitation for five modes used to deal with the conflicts in favor of the project management,which is proved by the practice.On the basis of investigation,the authors bring to light the multi-attributive characteristics of the conflict events through clustering analysis,and put forward a new concept as co-adaptability aiming at solving the conflict events in CEP,and building up a new project management mechanism based on the new concept and a new mode to deal with the conflict events based on the whole project benefit.So,this research offers not only a new idea but also a new method of solving conflict events in CEP.