天际岭国家森林公园杜鹃属植物资源收集与开发

从杜鹃园的规划和已收集的杜鹃属植物资源等方面介绍了天际岭国家森林公园杜鹃属植物资源收集现状,目前该园内已收集65种、80个种源200余个居群和定植了近百万株杜鹃花;提出了加强杜鹃专类园建设、重视杜鹃文化内涵的挖掘和加大旅游促销宣传力度、做大做强杜鹃相关产业的开发对策。     

杜鹃红山茶研究进展

杜鹃红山茶是一种珍稀濒危植物。文章从资源现状、生物学特性、生态学特性与利用价值等方面对其特性进行了阐述。总结了遗传特性,扦插繁殖、嫁接繁殖、良种选育等方面的研究进展,探讨了杜鹃红山荼在杂交育种、新品种培育、资源开发与可持续利用等方面应解决的问题。     

基于层次分析法的浙江大盘山自然保护区杜鹃花属植物资源应用价值评价

基于对大盘山自然保护区杜鹃花属植物的野外调查,综合考虑观赏价值、生态学特性、应用潜力和稀有度因素,筛选出14个评价因子,构建了层次分析模型,对大盘山自然保护区9种杜鹃花属植物进行应用价值综合评价。结果表明,在观赏价值、生态学特性、应用潜力和稀有度4个影响因子中,观赏价值最能影响人们对杜鹃花属植物应用价值的评价,其次是应用潜力、生态学特性和稀有度。9种杜鹃花属植物的应用价值从高到低依次为云锦杜鹃华顶杜鹃杜鹃马银花丁香杜鹃羊踯躅满山红猴头杜鹃麂角杜鹃。文中还就杜鹃花属植物的野生资源驯化以及资源评价中约束层指标的选取等问题进行了讨论。     

湖南杜鹃属植物野生资源多样性调查

对湖南杜鹃属植物进行野外调查、资料收集、标本鉴定,确定湖南自然分布杜鹃属植物62种1变种,隶属5亚属8组16亚组,其中特有种有13种.湖南杜鹃属植物资源种类较多,珍稀特有植物丰富,表型性状多样.     

宁波市杜鹃属植物资源调查

2012—2018年采用典型地块、典型线路详查为主,全面踏查为辅的方式对宁波市杜鹃属植物资源进行调查。结果表明,宁波市共有野生及习见栽培的杜鹃属植物9种1变种1变型,其中野生种6种1变种1变型,习见栽培种4种。从水平分布看,有广域种、区域种、局域种和微域种4种类型;从垂直分布看,只分布于海拔700 m以上的有华顶杜鹃、白花满山红2种,分布于海拔400~700 m的有云锦杜鹃、羊踯躅2种,分布于海拔400 m以下的仅普陀杜鹃1种,而所有海拔均有分布的有映山红、满山红、马银花3种。与天目山、天台山、舟山群岛、浙江南部和大盘山等周邻区系相比,宁波的野生杜鹃物种资源多样性处于中等水平,相互之间既有共性,但也各具特色。建议开展杜鹃属植物资源的引种驯化,进一步丰富当地的景观植物资源,提高杜鹃属植物育种、资源利用和产业化水平。     

杜鹃花开等您来

湖南省森林植物园杜鹃园,面积达30公顷,为中国杜鹃种质资源基因库,是国内首个获国家林业局批准立项建设的杜鹃专类园。目前,园内设有六类展示区,已收集丁香杜鹃、满山红、锦绣杜鹃、白花杜鹃等65种、80个种源、200余个居群和近百万株杜鹃花,并计划收集引进杜鹃属植物105种。     

百山祖野生杜鹃属植物的园林评价

本文对在百山祖野生花卉资源调查过程中发现的10种杜鹃属植物从园林观赏角度进行了评价。这些植物花型较大,独具特色,有广阔的开发和用前境。     

杜鹃花属植物在北方园林中的应用

我国杜鹃花属植物资源非常丰富。杜鹃属植物大多株形优美、花大而艳,具有极高的观赏价值。我省杜鹃属植物共有6种1变种,其中4种为栽培种,对几种杜鹃的特点及其在园林中的应用进行探讨。     

丽江老君山国家公园植物景观资源的开发与保护

党的十八届三中全会提出划定生态保护红线的战略决策,建立国家公园体制是一项与生态红线相关的重要任务。建立国家公园体制的根本出发点是对资源的有效保护与合理利用,其中植物景观资源的开发与保护占据着十分重要的地位。据此,以丽江老君山国家公园为例,就寒温性针叶林、寒温性杜鹃矮林、落叶阔叶林、亚高山草甸4个最能反映该地区植物景观资源特色的植被类型,提出生态观光旅游、科考旅游、休闲旅游以及就地保护和保育景观资源,实施植物恢复工程等开发与保护策略。     

极小种群大树杜鹃的保护探讨

指出了大树杜鹃(Rhododendron protistum var.giganteum)为杜鹃花科(Ericaceae)杜鹃属(Rhododendron)常绿树种,由于分布地域的局限性和资源的稀少性,该植物被列为我国首批极小种群野生植物保护名录,其生长缓慢,更新困难。从大树杜鹃的发现、资源情况、濒危原因等方面进行了论述,并提出了保护策略,旨在为大树杜鹃的保护提供资料支撑。     

Controlling Rhododendron spp. in the Turkish Black Sea Region

Rhododendrons (Rhododendron ponticum L. and Rhododendron luteumSweet) dominate the understories of the mesic forests of theBlack Sea Region (BSR) of Turkey. They dramatically reduce forestgrowth and regeneration and local plant diversity. This paperreports the results of a large rhododendron control experimentestablished on two different sites in the western and easternBSR of Turkey 5 years after treatments (YAT). The paper alsopresents the second-year results of a second experiment in whichthe foliar herbicides of the previous experiment were testedon rhododendron at much lower rates on a western BSR site. FiveYAT, grubbing and foliar spraying were still the best rhododendroncontrol methods in the first experiment. Cut-stump sprayingprovided an intermediate level of woody control. Hand-cuttingwas ineffective on R. ponticum and did not significantly differfrom the control treatment in rhododendron basal area 5 YAT.The performance ratings of foliar triclopyr ester and imazapyrfor woody control in both experiments were rate dependent. Athigh rates ranging between 2.6 and 5.8 kg ae ha^–1, foliarimazapyr controlled both rhododendron species significantlybetter than foliar triclopyr ester in the first experiment,suggesting enhanced imazapyr translocation to the roots. Someoff-target damage was observed in the beech overstory for imazapyrat high rates. The performance ratings of these foliar herbicideswere significantly reversed in the second experiment 2 YAT,where much lower rates were used (0.3–2.0 kg ae ha^–1)than in the first experiment. Insufficient imazapyr accumulationin rhododendron roots might account for the poor impact of thisherbicide. No beech damage was apparent from any of the herbicidesin the second experiment. The low-rate foliar triclopyr esteris recommended for effective and cost-efficient rhododendroncontrol.     

西藏色季拉山高寒杜鹃群落物种多样性特征

本文以西藏色季拉山高寒杜鹃群落为研究对象,通过样地样方调查,分析了杜鹃群落的物种多样性特征。结果表明,灌木层有14种木本植物,植物多样性随海拔高度的增加而减少。地被层共有40种草本植物,总体上阳坡草本植物多样性指数高于阴坡。各样地中,杜鹃群落分层物种多样性表现为草本层〉灌木层或灌木层〉草本层两种情况。各样地间灌木层的多样性各项指标差异较小,草本层的多样性差异较大。总体上,灌木层与草本层之间的Patrick指数、Shannon-Wiener指数、N1指数无差异,Simpson多样性指数、N2指数差异显著,Pielou均匀度指数、Heip均匀度指数差异极显著。分析结果显示环境条件对高寒杜鹃群落物种多样性影响较大。研究结果可为该区生物多样性保护与可持续利用,杜鹃群落的保护与管理等奠定基础。     

Riparian vegetation in the southern Appalachian mountains (USA) following chestnut blight

American chestnut is often listed as an important component of mesic midslopes and xeric ridges in pre-blight southern Appalachian forests, but its former importance in riparian forests has generally been considered minor. To document its importance in riparian forests, 589 American chestnut stumps were located on four sites (two previously logged, two unlogged) in the Blue Ridge physiographic province of the southern Appalachians. Diameters and basal areas of chestnut were calculated and compared among sites and to basal area (BA) of live trees. Chestnut BA ranged between 8.4 and 12.4 m²/ha (25 and 40% of current BA). Vegetative composition on 58 random plots suggests that three community types were represented on the four study sites: (1) old-growth forest with sparse rhododendron; (2) logged forest with sparse rhododendron; and (3) forest dominated by rhododendron which controlled vegetative composition regardless of logging status. Thickets of ericaceous shrubs that developed after the blight were significantly denser in logged forest than in old-growth. Only shade-tolerant herbs such as galax and partridge-berry, as well as a rare orchid, Appalachian twayblade, were found growing in rhododendron thickets. Results of our study suggest that the gap-phase hypothesis, where species diversity is maintained in cove forests of the southern Appalachians through gap-phase disturbance, should be modified to allow for dynamics influenced by rhododendron. The reintroduction of periodic fire into southern Appalachian riparian habitat may control rhododendron dominance and improve tree regeneration.     

Influence of slope position, stand type and rhododendron (Rhododendron ponticum) on litter decomposition rates of Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky.) and spruce [Picea orientalis (L.) Link]

Oriental beech (Fagus orientalis Lipsky.) and Oriental spruce [Picea orientalis (L.) Link] are the two most common tree species in northeast Turkey. Their distribution, stand type and understorey species are known to be influenced by topographical landforms. However, little information is available as to how these changes affect litter decomposition rates of these two species. Here, we investigated the effects of slope positions (top 1,800 m, middle 1,500 m and bottom 1,200 m), stand type (pure and mixed stands) and purple-flowered rhododendron (Rhododendron ponticum) on litter decomposition rates of Oriental beech and spruce for 4 years using the litterbag technique in the field. Among these three factors, stand type had the strongest influence on litter decomposition (P < 0.001, F = 58.8), followed by rhododendron (P < 0.001, F = 46.8) and slope position (P < 0.05, F = 11.6). Litter decomposition was highest under mixed beech/spruce forest, followed by pure beech and spruce forest. Beech and spruce litter decomposed much faster in mixed bags (beech–spruce) than they did separately under each stand type. Purple-flowered rhododendron significantly reduced litter decomposition of Oriental beech and spruce. Beech and spruce litter decomposed much slower at top slope position than at either bottom or middle position. Differential litter decomposition of Oriental beech and spruce was mainly due to adverse conditions in spruce forest and the presence of rhododendron on the ground which was associated with lower soil pH. Higher elevations (top slope position) slowed down litter decomposition by changing environmental conditions, most probably by decreasing temperature as also other factors are different (pH, precipitation) and no detailed investigations were made to differentiate these factors. The adverse conditions for litter decomposition in spruce forest can be effectively counteracted by admixture of beech to spruce monoculture and by using the clear-cutting method for controlling rhododendron.     

大理洱海公园杜鹃园改造建设详细规划

研究大理杜鹃花资源特征,匹配洱海公园场地环境要素,从选址、专类园内容、主要景点设置及特色植物景观、杜鹃专类园树种选择4个方面阐释杜鹃园的设计思路,选择了杜鹃品种。     

昆明市小游园绿化景观植物资源调查研究

以昆明市小游园为研究对象,调查其绿化植物资源及数量等状况,提出植物名录.分析小游园植物资源的特点,认为小游园虽然比行道树的绿化植物种类多,但总体上植物种类仍较单一,仅有123种,其中竹类仅有4种,缺乏本土文化特色.建议以乡土树种为主、外来引种为辅,多开发观赏特性和生态效益较高的植物;在观花植物基础上,增加观果、垂直绿化植物的种类,并突出本土植物文化特色.     

广东湿地植物资源概况

经对广东省湿地植物资源进行调查统计,全省约有湿地植物54科141属228种(含变种),湿地植物资源十分丰富。本文对各种湿地植物类型分别简单阐述,并对广东湿地植物资源的开发利用与保护提出了建议。     

杜鹃两种病害的初步研究

对引起杜鹃两种病害的病原菌分别进行了分离、鉴定及回接。结果表明：Diplodia sp.是引起杜鹃红斑病的主要病原菌，Pestalotopsis sp.是引起杜鹃褐斑病的主要病原菌。用几种药剂对两种病原菌进行了室内药效测定，力克菌、世高、敌力脱对两者均有较好的抑制效果。     

昆明地区野生藤蔓植物资源调查

依据野外调查和有关文献资料,对昆明地区的野生藤蔓植物资源进行了调查.结果表明,该区野生藤蔓植物共有64科180属394种,生活习性以木本稍占优势.其中攀援植物群共305种,匍匐植物群共89种.攀援植物群中缠绕类有171种,卷攀类有85种,吸附类有19种,棘刺类有28种,依附类有2种.观赏习性按花色以白色花系最多,按果色以红色果实最多.对昆明地区的野生藤蔓植物资源开发利用提出了4点建议.