优质高产杂交籼稻新组合特优73

特优７３系福建省三明市农科所以龙特甫Ａ为母本，明恢７３为父本育成的高产、优质杂交籼稻组合。明恢７３是用粳１８７／ＩＲ３０∥明恢６３杂交选育而成的。经三明市连续２ａ区试和示范表明，该组合具有穗大粒多、优质、适应性广等特点，１９９９年２月通过了三明市品种审定委员会审定。１　产量表现１９９７年参加三明市连晚杂优区试，平均产量６２２ｔ／ｈｍ２，比对照汕优６３增产１０４２％，达极显著水平，产量列参试组合第二位；参加三明市单晚杂优区试，平均产量７８６ｔ／ｈｍ２，比汕优６３增产８０１％。１９９８年参加…     

优质杂交早籼华优桂99的特性及栽培技术

优质杂交早籼新组合华优桂９９经多年试验示范 ,表现出优质、高产、高抗稻瘟等特点 ,并于２０００～２００１年先后通过广西、广东及全国农作物品种审定。一、产量表现华优桂９９于１９９８年晚季在藤县和饶平县农科所参加品比 ,平均产量为４６６．０ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ 和４２７．４ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,分别比汕优９６和特优６３增产３．７%和２．２% ;１９９９年早季 ,广西自治区新品种筛选试验 ,平均产量４８４．４ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比汕优桂９９减产３．９ %；１９９９和２０００年早季在广东省区域迟熟组初试和复试 ,平均产量初试４６７．…     

杂交中、晚籼新组合汕优明86

汕优明８６是三明市农科所用珍汕９７Ａ与自选恢复系明恢８６配制而成的高产、抗病、优质、中晚熟杂交稻新组合。具有熟期适中、产量高、增产潜力大、抗病性强、适应性广的特点,适宜在可种植汕优６３的稻区种植,特别适合在肥力中上的田块种植。１９９８年２月通过了福建省农作物品种审定委员会审定。１９９６～１９９７年被列为省、市重点示范新组合,１９９７年福建省试种示范４６００ｈｍ２,省内外制种１３３．３ｈｍ２。１　产量表现该组合１９９４年参加品比试验,产量６．０１ｔ／ｈｍ２,比对照汕优６３（下同）产量５．３７ｔ／ｈ…     

优质抗稻瘟杂交早籼中熟组合华优8830的特性和栽培技术

华优８８３０是华南农业大学农学院用不育系Ｙ华农Ａ与恢复系８８３０配组育成的三系杂交早籼中熟组合 ,丰产性较好 ,米质较优 ,高抗稻瘟病 ,于２００１年１２月和２００２年３月先后通过广西壮族自治区和广东省农作物品种审定委员会审定。一、产量表现１９９６年早季参加广东省杂交水稻新组合中熟组区试 ,１２个试点平均产量为４６６．９ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ ,分别比对照组合华优４４８０和汕优９６增产０．７%和２．１% ,均不显著 ;２００１年早季参加广西桂南稻区早稻中熟组区试 ,７个试点平均产量５００．７ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２ ,比对照品种粤…     

杂交籼稻新组合“Ⅱ优15”

Ⅱ优１５是福建省南平市农科所用Ⅱ３２Ａ与大粒香１５配组而成的杂交籼稻新组合。经１９９７～１９９８年试验示范，表现高产稳产、熟期适中、米质优、米饭带清香味、抗稻瘟病且制种产量高。１９９９年３月通过福建省南平市农作物品种审定委员会审定。１　产量表现１９９７年和１９９８年参加南平市晚稻区试，产量分别为６－３０ｔ／ｈｍ２和７－０８ｔ／ｈｍ２。１９９７年比对照汕优６３增产３－５％，达显著；１９９８年比对照汕优桂３３增产８－５％，达极显著。１９９７年，建阳市良种场双晚试种０－３３ｈｍ２，平均产量７－０９…     

杂交晚稻新组合金优928

金优９２８是荆州市种子总公司用金２３Ａ与９２８－８配组而成的杂交晚稻新组合，１９９８年３月通过湖北省农作物品种审定委员会审定。１产量表现１９９６～１９９７年参加湖北省水稻区试，２ａ平均单产７．５８ｔ／ｈｍ２，比汕优６４（ＣＫ）增产３．９８％。其中１９...     

优质高产水稻新品种粤丰占

粤丰占是广东省农科院水稻研究所以高收获指数型水稻品种粤香占为母本，丰矮占为父本杂交育成的早晚兼用优质高产水稻新品种。１９９９～２０００年连续２年早季参加广东省优质稻区试，表现出丰产性好、米质优、适应性广等优点。１９９９年全省仅试种约２００ｈｍ２，２０００年迅速发展到２２０００ｈｍ２。２００１年通过广东省农作物品种审定。 一、主要特征特性 １．丰产性突出 粤丰占于１９９９年早季参加广东省优质稻区试，平均产量 ４７６．２８ ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２，比对照粤香占增产４．６１％，居第二位；２０００年早造复试，平均…     

优质高产水稻新品种野籼占6号

野籼占６号是广东省惠州市农科所近年用桂野占２号／特籼占１３／／ＩＲ２４杂交育成的优质高产水稻新品种。该品种具有高产、优质、熟期适中、抗病、抗倒伏、稳产、生态适应性广等特点 ,是一个综合性状较突出的品种 ,２００１年广东省累计种植面积４３８６．６７ｈｍ２,２００２年３月通过广东省品种审定委员会审定 ,并参加当年南方稻区国家水稻品种区试。一、主要特征特性１．丰产性突出野籼占６号于１９９９年参加广东省晚季常规稻品种区试 ,平均单产４１６．４１ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２,比对照三二矮增产１２．７% ,达极显著水平 ,名列５个参…     

优质稻丰华占的特征特性与栽培技术

广东省农科院水稻所用丰八占１号与华丝占杂交育成的常规稻新品种丰华占 ,２００２年通过广东省农作物品种审定委员会审定。广东省汕头市于１９９９年底引入试种 ,２０００年首次参加区试 ,２００１年复试。试验表明 ,其丰产性能、农艺性状较好 ,米质较优 ,深受农业行政领导、专业技术人员、农民群众的好评。２００１年汕头市早季种植８００ｈｍ２,晚季１２００ｈｍ２;２００２年早季１４００ｈｍ２ ,晚季２７００ｈｍ２。如今丰华占已被汕头市列为“十五”重点推广品种。一、主要特征特性１.产量表现在广东省汕头市常规优质组区试中 ,该品…     

优质高效水稻新品种溪野占10的特征特性及栽培技术

溪野占１０是早晚兼用、优质高产高效的水稻新品种。２００１年３月通过广东省农作物品种审定委员会审定。广东省２０００年试种２９７３．３ｈｍ２,２００１年种植９０１３．３ｈｍ２。一、产量表现１９９９年早季广东省区试每６６７ｍ２ 产量为４５７．９４ｋｇ,比对照品种粤香占略增０．５８ % ;２０００年续试每６６７ｍ２产量为４６３．５７ｋｇ,比对照品种粤香占略减２．９９% ;两年平均每６６７ｍ２产量为４６０．７６ｋｇ,比粤香占略减１．２５%。生产试验单产４５０～５００ｋｇ／６６７ｍ２。二、特征特性溪野占１０属感温型早、…     

稻麦双晚对病虫草发生的影响及解决措施

随着早熟晚粳、中熟晚粳广泛种植,水稻轻型省力栽培方式旱直播的推广,病虫也发生了变化,成熟期显著推迟,下茬无法在适宜播期种植,影响粮食丰产稳产。提出筛选早熟当家品种、大力推广机插秧、加大粮食烘干设备的投入、合理施肥、精准植保等对策。     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

Sorghum and millet phenols and antioxidants

Sorghum is a good source of phenolic compounds with a variety of genetically dependent types and levels including phenolic acids, flavonoids, and condensed tannins. Most sorghums do not contain condensed tannins, but all contain phenolic acids. Pigmented sorghums contain unique anthocyanins that could be potential food colorants. Some sorghums have a prominent pigmented testa that contains condensed tannins composed of flavan-3-ols with variable length. Flavan-3-ols of up to 8–10 units have been separated and quantitatively analyzed. These tannin sorghums are excellent antioxidants, which slow hydrolysis in foods, produce naturally dark-colored products and increase the dietary fiber levels of food products. Sorghums have high concentration of 3-deoxyanthocyanins (i.e. luteolinidin and apigenidin) that give stable pigments at high pH. Pigmented and tannin sorghum varieties have high antioxidant levels that are comparable to fruits and vegetables. Finger millet has tannins in some varieties that contain a red testa. There are limited data on the phenolic compounds in millets; only phenolic acids and flavones have been identified.     

加强闽台科技合作交流发展我省甘蔗业

概述了海峡两岸农业交流与合作的现状,提出了应该共同呼吁尽快实现两岸“三通”,开放农业生物技术图书期刊资料交流以及开放生物学科方面网络的思路,以便为农业交流与合作的顺畅开展打好基础,并寄希望能够就糖蔗、果蔗以及甘蔗笋等方面的研究与开发到台湾学习取经,开展学术交流或与台湾同行共同开展研究,为我省甘蔗业的发展作出贡献。     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键，是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实“育繁推一体化”种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中，受制于行业发展水平，种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程，提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要，在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上，分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求，加强种业应用性研究，建立先进的种子质量检验体系，研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备，打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系，完善种业科学技术学科建设，促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Tuber and starch quality of wild and cultivated potato species and cultivars

Summary Between 1993 and 1998 205 different potato cultivars and 1220 accessions/genotypes of wild and cultivated potato species from the IPK Genebank Gatersleben were evaluated. Parameters interesting for starch isolation and especially for the use of starch were determined. Altogether, there was a higher variability in wild potato species than in cultivated potatoes for all characteristics investigated: dry matter content, starch content, protein content, amylose content and mean particle diameter of starch granules.     

Yield and quality of winter and spring triticales for forage and grain

In field experiments conducted over 2 years in Mediterranean conditions, five winter and five spring triticales were evaluated for forage and grain production in the same cropping season. The experiments had two treatments, namely harvesting for grain only, and dual-purpose forage and grain production. In the latter treatment, forage was cut when the first node was detectable (Zadoks' stage 31), without removing the apical meristems. Grain was harvested when ripe (Zadoks' stage 92) in both cut and uncut plots.
Environmental conditions affected grain production and protein content more than forage yield and quality. Winter triticales yielded about 43% more forage than spring types, but after forage removal the spring types yielded about 36% more grain than winter triticales.
Reductions in grain yield after clipping were more pronounced in winter (32%) than in spring (19%) types. Forage crude protein content was significantly higher in the spring types studied (24.6%) than in the winter types (23.5%), the opposite being true for fibre content (20.7 and 21.6% respectively). Grain crude protein content did not differ between grain and dual-purpose treatments, but was higher in the spring triticales (12.8%) than in the winter types (11.9%). There was more variability for the measured traits within the winter triticales studied than within the spring types.     

种子加工、检验理论与技术现状及思考

种子加工及检验是种子向市场流通的关键,是商业化育种中赋予种子商品属性不可或缺的环节。种子加工、检验理论与技术的研究是完善种业产业链、实现规模化商业育种、夯实"育繁推一体化"种业科学的重要一环。中国的种业科学技术体系正在形成与完善之中,受制于行业发展水平,种子加工及检验理论与技术相对薄弱。本文回顾了种子加工及检验理论与技术研究发展历程,提出了完善中国种业科学发展的策略与建议。围绕种业发展的需要,在做好品种优质化繁育的基础上,分析种子加工及检验理论与技术的新方向和新需求,加强种业应用性研究,建立先进的种子质量检验体系,研制适合现代种业发展需求的种子加工设备,打造种子加工产业标准化生产体系,完善种业科学技术学科建设,促进种业产业持续健康发展。     

Present Situation and Consideration of Seed Processing and Testing Theory and Technology

Seed processing and testing hold the key to the market circulation of seeds, and are an indispensable link in commercial breeding to endow seeds with commodity attributes. The research of seed processing and testing theory and technology is an important link in improving the seed industry chain, realizing large-scale commercial breeding and consolidating the seed industry science of ‘integration of breeding, propagation and promotion’. The scientific and technological system of seed industry in China is being formed and perfected, which is subject to the development level of the industry. The theory and technology of seed processing and testing are relatively weak. We reviewed the development of seed processing and testing theory and technology, and put forward strategies and suggestions to improve the sound development of China’s seed industry. In order to meet the needs of seed industry development and on the basis of high quality breeding of varieties, the new directions and demands of seed processing and testing theory and technology were analyzed. We will work to strengthen the applied research of seed industry, establish advanced seed quality inspection system, improve seed processing equipment suitable for the development needs of modern seed industry, establish standardized production system of seed processing industry, develop the scientific and technological disciplines of seed industry, and promote the sustainable and healthy development of seed industry.     

大豆几种常见病虫草害的诊断与防治

1大豆花叶病毒病 大豆病毒病（Soybean Mosaic Virus,SMV）是世界性病害之一。我国东北地区已鉴定的有5种,即大豆花叶病、顶枯病、蚕豆萎蔫病、南方菜豆花叶病、花生条纹病毒。其中大豆花叶病在全国大豆主要产区都有发生,十分常见。