萨福克等肉羊品种杂交改良小尾寒羊效果对比试验

为探索符合地方的肉羊生产模式选萨寒F1、陶寒F1、杜寒F1以及小尾寒羊120只，按不同杂交组合进行分组，每组30只，研究探讨同一营养水平条件下不同杂交育肥羔羊增重效果和产肉性能。结果表明萨寒、陶寒、杜寒组合均高于小尾寒羊组，萨寒组尤其突出，分别比小尾寒羊组提高了5．8kg、0．03kg、7．21个百分点，杂交优势明显；经过经济效益分析，每出栏1只6月龄羔羊，萨寒F1、陶寒F1、杜寒F1只均获利362．40元、283．60元、218．40元，较小尾寒羊只均多收入235．60元、156．80元、91．60元。永靖发蔚县肉羊生产，用杂交羔生产肥羔增重快、饲料报酬高。     

永靖县肉羊与小尾寒羊杂交组合筛选试验

本文介绍引进的萨福克、陶赛特、杜泊种公羊作为父本,与小尾寒羊做母本,研究同一营养水平条件下,不同杂交组合的生产性能和各项指标。结果表明萨寒、陶寒、杜寒组合均高于小尾寒羊组,萨寒组尤其突出,分别比小尾寒羊组提高了5.8kg、0.03kg、7.21个百分点,杂交优势明显;经过经济效益分析,每出栏1只6月龄羔羊,萨寒F1、陶寒F1、杜寒F1只均获利342.40元、263.60元、198.40元,较小尾寒羊只均多收入235.60元、156.80元、91.60元。     

无角陶赛特公羊与小尾寒羊F1羔羊的育肥效果研究

通过无角陶赛特公羊与小尾寒羊母羊杂交，我们发现：陶寒F1羔羊的的生长发育比小尾寒羊明显，胸宽、胸深和尻宽分别比小尾寒羊高13．28％、10．96％和13．2％（P〈0．01）；4-6月龄育肥期内，陶寒F1的净增重为11．71kg，日增重195．17g，比小尾寒羊的8．51kg提高了37．6％（P〈0．01），杂交优势明显；陶寒F1的胴体重为20．93kg，屠宰率达到50．81％，比小尾寒羊提高5．3个百分点。产肉性能明显优于小尾寒羊。     

陶寒与边寒杂交一代羔羊育肥试验

对无角陶赛特♂×小尾寒羊♀(陶寒F1)和边区莱斯特♂×小尾寒羊♀(边寒F1)杂交一代羔羊与纯种小尾寒羊羔羊进行育肥性能对比试验,结果表明:在60 d育肥期内,陶寒F1羔羊和边寒F1羔羊日增重较小尾寒羊提高54.49 g和43.81 g(P<0.01);陶寒F1和边寒F1 6月龄羔羊胴体重分别比小尾寒羊提高2.95 kg和2.17 kg(P<0.05);陶寒F1和边寒F1 6月龄屠宰率分别比小尾寒羊提高4.02%和3.53%(P<0.05);陶寒F1和边寒F1的骨肉比与小尾寒羊的骨肉比相比较,差异显著(P<0.05)。     

特克塞尔、无角陶赛特公羊与小尾寒羊杂交试验研究

通过特克塞尔和陶赛特公羊与小尾寒羊母羊杂交,产羔率分别达到213.04%和210.90%,和对照组小尾寒羊的产羔率231.42%差异不显著;在哺乳期内,特寒兀和陶寒F1羔羊的的生长发育比小尾寒羊明显,胸宽、胸深和尻宽分别比小尾寒羊高19.95%、11.54%、19.29%、和11.73%、10.96%和13.2%(P<0.01),4～6月龄育肥期内,特寒F1和陶寒F1的净增重为11.77kg和11.71kg,分别比小尾寒羊的8.51kg提高了38.3%和37.6%(P<0.01),杂交优势明显.特寒F1和陶寒F1的胴体重为21.65kg和20.93kg,屠宰率达到为51.08%和50.81%,分别比小尾寒羊提高5.57和5.3个百分点;产肉性能明显优于小尾寒羊;增收97.86元和87.78元;GP值13.11mm和12.97mm,按新西兰羊肉分级标准,属于中等水平.     

杜泊羊、萨福克羊、无角陶赛特羊与小尾寒羊杂交优势利用研究

试验选杜寒F1、杜寒F2、萨寒F1、陶寒F1以及小尾寒羊共54只（3月龄断奶公羔），按对等原则分组，每组10～12只。研究探讨同一营养水平条件下，全颗粒料饲喂，对不同杂交育肥羔羊产肉力及肉品质的影响。结果表明：杜寒F1平均日增重313g，饲料报酬5．17：1，比小尾寒羊分别提高12．59％和10．71％；比萨寒F1提高14．23％和12．82％；比陶寒F1提高10．99％和l6．34％（P〈0．05）；比杜寒F2高出11．79％和3．7％。杜寒F1、杜寒F2、萨寒F1和陶寒F1屠宰率分别比小厄枣羊提高1．8、5．9、1．5和2．5百分点；净肉率分别比小尾寒羊提高4．6、4．2、3．1和3．1百分点。杜寒F1、杜寒F2和陶寒F1眼肌面积均大于小尾寒羊（P〈0．05）；大理石纹萨寒F1〉杜寒F1〉杜寒F2〉陶寒F1〉小尾寒羊。肌肉的剪切值则杜寒F2〈陶寒F1〈杜寒F1〈小尾寒羊〈萨寒F1。饲养1只杜寒F1与杜寒F2肥羔羊，按试验期平均增重25kg计算，比小尾寒羊增收26元和12．75元。     

无角陶赛特羊、特克塞尔羊、萨福克羊、波德代羊与小尾寒羊杂交优势利用研究

选陶寒F1、特寒F1、波寒F1、萨寒F1以及小尾寒羊共60只（3月龄断奶公羔），按不同杂交组合进行分组，每组10～15只，研究探讨同一营养水平条件下不同杂交育肥羔羊增重效果和产肉性能。结果表明：特寒、陶寒平均日增重为178．78g和157．67g，分别比小尾寒羊提高58．2％和39．5％（P〈0．01），屠宰率分别比小尾寒羊提高10个百分点和8个百分点，饲养1只特寒F1与陶寒F1肥羔羊，分别比小尾寒羊多增收31元和13．44元。     

萨寒F1、陶寒F1公羔育肥屠宰试验和经济效益比较

对萨寒F1、陶寒F1公羔和本地蒙古羊公羔进行了育肥对比试验和屠宰试验。结果表明,在90 d育肥期内,萨寒F1公羔日增重(211.33±5.45 g/d)、陶寒F1公羔日增重(206.56±4.34 g/d)分别比本地蒙古羊公羔日增重(172.11±3.7 g/d)提高了39.22 g/d和34.45 g/d;萨寒F1和陶寒F1公羔6月龄胴体重分别比本地蒙古羊公羔提高4.37和4.41 kg,萨寒F1、陶寒F1与本地蒙古羊公羔日增重之间、胴体重之间差异极显著(P<0.01),(P>0.05)。用小尾寒羊母羊繁育肉杂羔,萨寒F1、陶寒F1每年比本地蒙古羊分别为农户多产生毛收入1 787.25、1 793.25元/年。在暖棚舍饲条件下,冬季杂交羔羊的日增重和屠宰率均能达到较为理想的效果。     

河西荒漠化地区杂种羔羊生长及肉用性能分析

以杜泊羊、陶赛特羊为父本,小尾寒羊为母本进行杂交改良试验,并对杂交F1代羔羊(简称杜寒羊、陶寒羊)的生长性能和屠宰性能进行分析。生长观测表明,杜寒羊6月龄体重分别比陶寒羊和对照组高8.31%、30.77%。屠宰结果表明,杜寒羊6月龄胴体重、屠宰率、胴体净肉率和眼肌面积均最大。说明,以杜泊羊为父本对小尾寒羊进行杂交改良的F1代羔羊的生产性能和屠宰性能显著提高,改良效果明显。     

不同肉羊品种杂一代羔羊经济效益分析

引进国外早熟、生长速度快、肉用性能好的肉用品种萨福克羊、无角陶塞特羊和杜泊羊,与我国产羔率高、四季发情、适应性强的优良地方品种小尾寒羊杂交,获取杂交优势,进行羔羊肉的生产.试验结果表明:在相同的圈养舍饲饲养管理条件下,以同等营养水平饲喂各杂一代羔羊和小尾寒羊,6月龄的平均日增重分别为:萨塞F1208.6 g、杜寒F1200.11g、陶寒F1193.33 g、小尾寒羊144.11g,各F1羔羊与小尾寒羊羔羊相比,分别提高44.76%、38.85%、34.15%;从出生到6月龄羔羊不同阶段(1月龄、4月龄、6月龄)的平均体重,萨寒F1＞杜寒F1＞陶寒F1＞小尾寒羊;投入与产出比为:萨寒F11:1.09＞杜寒F1＞1:1.01陶寒F11:0.94＞小尾寒羊1:0.45.说明各杂一代羔羊的生长速度均快于小尾寒羊羔羊,平均体重大于小尾寒羊,投入与产出比高于小尾寒羊羔羊1倍以上,经济效益明显提高.     

夏洛莱与小尾寒羊杂交育肥试验

夏洛莱绵羊是世界著名的肉羊品种，该品种具有早熟、耐粗饲、采食能力强、适应性强等特点。体型外貌特征：体躯长、胸深宽、背腰平直、后躯宽大呈倒“U”字形、四肢较短。在我国河北、河南、山东等地通过杂交组合生产出的肥羔结构良好。引进夏洛莱绵羊与当地小尾寒羊杂交，其目的在于利用夏洛莱的优良特性，进行经济杂交．并筛选出生长发育快、早熟、体大、产肉性     

Cloning of the short-tailed Gyeongju Donggyeong dog via SCNT: conserving phenotypic inheritance

Somatic cell nuclear transfer is a useful tool to maintain genetic information of animals. The Gyeongju Donggyeong dog is a breed registered as natural monument in Korea. The unique feature of the Donggyeong dog is its tail, as the Donggyeong dog can be classified as either short tailed or tailless. The aim of this study was to preserve the Donggyeong dog’s unique feature by cloning. Fibroblasts were obtained from a short-tailed Donggyeong dog. In vivo matured oocytes were enucleated, microinjected with a donor cell and fused electrically. Reconstructed embryos were transferred to six recipient dogs. One surrogate became pregnant, and one short-tailed Donggyeong dog was delivered. This study demonstrated that the phenotype of the Donggyeong dog could be conserved by somatic cell nuclear transfer.     

Microscopic anatomy of the lower respiratory tract of the grey short-tailed opossum (Monodelphis domestica)

The respiratory tracts of seven grey short-tailed opossums were histologically examined. Six opossums were prepared by perfusion with buffered formalin. Opossum seven was perfused with gluteraldehyde. Samples taken from the respiratory passages and lungs of specimens 1-6 were stained with haematoxylin and eosin. A mixture of methylene and azure blue was used for specimen 7. The trachea and right and left principal bronchi are lined with a pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium with occasional goblet cells. The secondary and tertiary bronchi and the primary and secondary bronchioles are lined by a simple ciliated columnar epithelium. The terminal bronchioles and a portion of the respiratory bronchioles are lined by a simple ciliated cuboidal epithelium. The terminal portion of the respiratory bronchioles and the alveolar ducts are lined with simple squamous epithelium. Alveoli are lined by type I and II pneumocytes. Tracheal glands are present in the tela submucosa. The fibromusculocartilaginous tunic of the trachea consists of c-shaped cartilage rings and the trachealis muscle. A lamina muscularis mucosa begins in the intrapulmonary portion of the principal bronchus and continues into the respiratory bronchioles. Bronchial glands are present in the propria submucosa and tela submucosa of the principal bronchi. The musculocartilaginous tunic is localized to the extrapulmonary portion of the principal bronchus. The bronchial cartilages are irregular shaped plates and limited to the extrapulmonary portion of the principal bronchus. The visceral pleura is a simple squamous mesothelium covering the outer surface of the lung.     

Within-flock transmission of sheep scab in naive sheep housed with single infested sheep.

The within flock transmission of sheep scab was studied in two trials, which lasted 14 and 12 weeks, respectively. A total of 40 non-infested, scab-naive sheep were divided into six groups of between 6 and 20 individuals. Each group was subsequently housed with a single infested index case, carrying scab lesions of different ages. The groups of sheep in both trials were video recorded continuously and all the sheep were individually examined on a weekly basis. The occurrence of transmission was measured in two ways: first, by the detection of early scab lesions during clinical examination and, second, by an increase in the rubbing of individual sheep as noted from the analysis of the video recordings. These two methods complemented each other in predicting the week on which transmission occurred. Overall, transmission was detected in 34 of the 40 scab-naive sheep. Transmission was shown to occur at about the time when the population of adult mites in lesions on index cases reached their peak numbers. The highest number of mites at this time, however, differed markedly between index sheep. There was no obvious relationship between the incidence of transmission and the time index sheep spent rubbing each day or other index sheep variables, including the age of the lesion or the time since the introduction to the scab free sheep.     

陶赛特羊杂交改良本地羊的效果观察

对50只陶本F1羊的生长发育指标进行了测定,同时与同龄的本地羊进行比较。结果发现,陶本F1羊4月龄和6月龄体重分别比同龄本地羊增加3.39 kg、4.45 kg(P0.01)。4月龄陶本F1羊的体高、胸围和体斜长分别比同龄本地羊提高5.72 cm、5.95 cm和7.63 cm。6月龄陶本F1羊分别比同龄羊提高5.87 cm、7.28 cm和7.80 cm(P0.01)。     

Adult-onset demodicosis in two dogs due to Demodex canis and a short-tailed demodectic mite

Infestation with a short-tailed demodectic mite and Demodex canis was diagnosed in both a six-and-a-half-year-old and a four-year-old dog. The clinical picture was compatible with generalised demodicosis complicated by staphylococcal pyoderma (case 1), or localised demodicosis (case 2). In both cases, the short-tailed demodectic mite outnumbered D canis in superficial skin scrapings. The laboratory findings (lymphopenia, eosinopenia, increased serum alkaline phosphatase and alanine aminotransferase activities, diluted urine and proteinuria) and the results of a low dose dexamethasone suppression test were suggestive of underlying hyperadrenocorticism in the first case. Hypothyroidism was considered a possibility in the second case, owing to the sustained bradycardia and the extremely low basal total thyroxine value. Systemic treatment with ivermectin and cephalexin (case 1), or topical application of an amitraz solution in mineral oil, along with sodium levothyroxine replacement therapy (case 2), resulted in a complete resolution of the skin lesions and the disappearance of both types of demodectic mite after two and one and a half months, respectively.     

湖寒杂交F1代与小尾寒羊生产性能比较

本文对湖寒杂交一代母羔和纯种小尾寒羊母羔生产性能进行了对比,测定两个组的增重情况、体尺指标以及F1代繁殖性能和泌乳性能。结果表明:杂交一代的生长发育快于小尾寒羊,6月龄活重为39.60 kg,比小尾寒羊提高4.37 kg(P0.05),1~6月龄的平均日增重197.01 g,比小尾寒羊高出19.57g(P0.05),且差异均显著;杂交一代的体长和胸围要显著高于小尾寒羊(P0.05),而体高和管围要比小尾寒羊低;杂交一代与小尾寒羊的产羔情况基本接近,无显著差异(P0.05);杂交一代母羊产后1~30 d平均日泌乳量为1.23 kg,要比小尾寒母羊的0.93 kg高33.1%。总体而言,杂交的经济价值较高。