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根据石家庄市民心河主要污染物,提出民心河水质治理和维护的具体措施主要有:①人工打捞藻类、漂浮物和水草,能够很好的净化水质;②生态方法维护水质:通过养殖鱼、水葫芦等水生动植物的方法来治理水藻和水草,该种方法是民心河水质维护较理想的方法;③微生物方法维护水质:微生物法对解决景观水体的富营养化有较好的作用,对水体COD的降解作用较明显,能够有效抑制绿藻类植物的生长,并且温度越高效果越好;④化学方法维护水质:可以有效氧化、降解水中污染物和一些有机物质,能够有效的杀灭藻类;⑤清淤能够把死亡的藻类和各种有机和无机物质清除掉,彻底清除藻类生长的环境,所以清淤对藻类的治理是很彻底的办法。 相似文献
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《绿色科技》2020,(10)
采用主成分分析法(PCA)对百花湖上游河流2019年的水质情况进行了分析。得到了以下结果:湖泊上游水质污染的原因是浮游藻类和有机污染物的结合;湖泊富营养化的控制因子为COD、高锰酸盐指数、温度、水体透明度和叶绿素a;水质变化有明显的时间性:2019年上半年水质好,而下半年水质不如上半年,水质最差的是第三季度;污染物来源主要是农业面源氮磷污染物和生活废水有机污染。为了更好地对百花湖治理成效期的水质状况进行全面了解,对2019年全年百花湖水质状况的时空分布特征进行了全面研究,深入分析了影响百花湖水体富营养状态的主控因子,限制因子及驱动因子,探索了富营养状态变化规律,为百花湖水质及富营养化、过程进一步污染防控和生态调控提供科学依据。 相似文献
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指出了地表水的质量直接影响着人体健康,对某地区A、B两河流,不同河段的水温、pH值、化学需氧量、生化需氧量等几项水质参数进行了测定,并对测定结果进行了分析。以便及时发现水质问题,为预防和治理水污染,保护地表水水质提供科学参考。 相似文献
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保山中心城市供水水源地水质现状分析及保护措施 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
指出了饮水安全是城市发展的基本需求和根本保障。保山市中心城市有易罗池、龙王塘、北庙水库3处主要供水水源地,2011年水质监测结果显示:易罗池、龙王塘现状水质为Ⅰ类,水质优良;北庙水库水源地丰水期为Ⅱ类,水质良好,达到目标水质管理要求;枯水期、全年综合为Ⅲ类,水质未达标,超标项目为总氮。北庙水库富营养化程度为中营养,短期内不具备发生水华条件。对水源地污染源进行了分析,提出了划定保护区、设立防护隔离措施、进行生态保护、污染整治以及水质动态监测等保护措施,为城市饮水安全提供保障。 相似文献
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基于2017年04月和07月六次调水前后监测断面水质的高锰酸盐指数、氨氮、总磷等实际监测数据,分析并探索了调水工程对河湾和河道水质的影响。结果表明:由于污染物累积和底泥翻动,河湾处主要污染物浓度升高,而河道中线水质改善,说明调水可以在一定程度上改善河道水体水质。因此从长远来看,调水对水质改善有一定的贡献。 相似文献
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河西水库是昌宁县重要水源地.随着向农业、工业和城区供水功能的日益扩展,对河西水库的水质提出了更高的要求.根据近几年水库的水环境监测资料以及水质特点,提出了河西水库水质的保护措施. 相似文献
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以湖南省森林植物园为研究对象,借鉴SBE法对视觉景观质量进行评价,借鉴SD法对景观特征进行评价。通过相关分析建立有关城市森林公园景观质量的评价模型。景观质量评价结果得出植被、水体及路面或广场对视觉景观质量影响较大;景观特征分析了形态丰富度、美感等8个因子对景观质量的影响,建立模型为SBE=-0.58+0.101X1+0.139X2+0.257X3+0.162X4+0.113X5+0.181X6-0.092X7-0.108X8,其中,对景观质量影响较大的因子有形态丰富度、美感和生命力,而空间感和变化性与景观质量呈负相关。综合分析结果得出多样化、植被覆盖度高的景观评价较高,人们更为向往自然、幽静的森林景观,森林公园中杂乱无章的植物对景观质量产生消极影响。 相似文献
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Dynamic riparian buffer widths from potential non-point source pollution areas in forested watersheds 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Pece V. Gorsevski Jan Boll Enrique Gomezdelcampo Erin S. Brooks 《Forest Ecology and Management》2008,256(4):664-673
Efforts to manage National Forests in the USA for wood production, while protecting water quality, are currently constrained by models that do not address the temporal dynamics of variable non-point source (NPS) areas. NPS areas are diffuse sources of contaminants contributed mostly by runoff as a result of different land use activities. Riparian vegetative buffers are often used to control contaminants from NPS areas but defining suitable widths require different policy considerations. In this study, the approach for defining suitable buffer widths is to apply a distributed process-based model that predicts potential NPS areas prone to generating runoff in relation to overland flow distances. A case study of the concept was applied to the 72 km2 Pete King watershed located in the Clearwater National Forest (CNF) in central Idaho, USA. This grid modeling approach is based on a Geographic Information System (GIS) and it integrates the soil moisture routing (SMR) model with probabilistic analysis. The SMR model is a daily water balance model that simulates the hydrology of forested watersheds using real or stochastically generated climate data, a digital elevation model, soil, and land use data. The probabilistic analysis incorporates the variability of soil depth and accounts for uncertainties associated with the prediction of NPS areas using Monte Carlo simulation. A 1-year simulation for the case study location was performed to examine the spatial and temporal changes in NPS areas prone to generating runoff. The results of the simulation indicate that the seasonal variability of saturated areas determines the spatial dynamics of the potential NPS pollution. Use of this model for the design of riparian buffer widths would increase the effectiveness of decision-making in forest management and planning by mapping or delineating NPS areas likely to transport contaminants to perennial surface water bodies. 相似文献
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采用定位观测和多流域检测的方法,研究分析了尖峰岭热带要集水区不质及水质生态效应,41个检测集水区径流7.01≤PH〈8.04的区域占81%,PH值随海高度增加而减波,DO≥6.0mg/L的占90%。随海拔高度中而增加;BOD8≤3.0cm/L占90%,TDS≥11.1mg/L占98%,随海拔高度增加而减小,4项检测值为1类水质标准,热带山地雨林系统对雨水水质项的有效功能为:径流中DO、PH、TDS 相似文献
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A virtual fruit model simulating seasonal changes in several peach (Prunus persica (L.) Batsch) fruit quality traits during the final growth stage is presented. The quality traits considered are fruit size, the proportion of total fruit mass consisting of fruit flesh, dry matter content of the flesh and the concentrations of sucrose, glucose, fructose and sorbitol in the flesh, which are used to calculate a sweetness index. The virtual peach fruit model was developed by adapting and integrating three existing process-based models describing fruit dry mass growth, fruit fresh mass growth and sugar accumulation in the flesh into one complex system. Data sets of peach fruit growth and quality obtained from one field site over several years were used to estimate parameters and evaluate the virtual peach fruit model. Output from the model showed good agreement with the field data. Insight into the complex nature of the virtual peach fruit model, i.e., its ability to show emergent properties, was accomplished by conducting a series of theoretical experiments. The virtual peach fruit model was shown to be sensitive to management and environmental factors (leaf:fruit ratio, stem water potential and, to a lesser extent, weather). Its ability to generate simple laws relating to physiological variables and quality parameters was also demonstrated. Finally, the virtual peach fruit model was able to reveal complex behaviors resulting from changes in water potentials or leaf:fruit ratios over time. 相似文献
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聂海燕 《中南林业科技大学学报(自然科学版)》1997,(3)
以模型池塘微生态系统为研究对象,采用常规的水质、水生动物植物种类与数量测量方法,测定了在单甲脒农药影响下水域生态系统结构的变化;采用McConnell提出的水生群落代谢功能测定方法,测定了单甲脒农药影响下水域生态系统功能的变化.研究结果表明,在不同浓度单甲脒影响下,池地微生态系统的结构和功能遭受了不同程度的破坏,单甲脒浓度越大,生态系统遭受破坏的程度也越大,其中浮游藻类的种类、数量、多样性明显下降,总氮、总磷含量增加,溶解氧浓度降低,最终导致水质下降,群落的代谢功能失去平衡,呼吸量大于生产量,群落由自养型向异养型退化. 相似文献
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Flow of water in a single tree was modeled in terms of the Darcy equation using a catena of four compartments: root, stem (further divided into discs), branches and leaves. Within each compartment or disc, water content was related to both water potential and conductivity of the xylem tissue using power or logarithmic functions, thus introducing both capacitance and variable resistance to flow in the model. Transpiration from the leaves to the atmosphere was used as the upper boundary to the model, and the soil-root interface as the lower boundary. Parameters for the water content, water potential and conductivity functions, together with physical dimensions were obtained by direct measurement or from the literature. A sensitivity analysis showed that the largest changes in simulated water potential and flow were associated with changes in the parameters directly controlling conductivity. Simulation of both smoothed diurnal changes and stepwise changes showed a phase lag down the tree, with flow tending to approach a steady state, but with changes in the gradients of water potential, water content and conductivity. A preliminary test of the model was made against field data using the Penman-Monteith equation to estimate the transpiration rate in a well-watered Pinus contorta Dougl. stand. Stem flow, water potential and water content were measured directly on a representative tree, which was subsequently harvested to provide dimensions and laboratory estimations of the parameters in the functions by direct measurement. 相似文献