重庆三结合加大城镇养老服务体系建设

重庆市强化＂三个结合＂,促进以居家养老为基础,社区服务为依托,国办养老机构为示范,民办养老机构为引导,农村区域性中心敬老院为延伸＂五位一体,统筹城乡＂的社会养老服务体系建设。     

基于现代园艺技术的养老机构园艺活动空间设计

中国是世界上唯一一个老年人口过两亿的国家,日益严重的人口老龄化问题,带动了人们对养老机构建设的普遍关注。社会养老离不开养老机构,同样,机构内的环境建设,深刻影响着老年人的身心健康。研究证实,园艺疗法能有效改善老年人的生理和心理。本文通过探讨与研究养老机构中园艺活动空间的设计,以期让老年人真正实现在养老机构中康复身体,远离孤独寂寞,收获家庭以外的另一种充实幸福的晚年生活。     

农业合作社养老模式的探索——益源养老模式

我国已进入老龄化社会,而农村的老年人口也在增加,这使得探索农村养老模式变得更为重要,传统养老模式的保障功能急剧减弱,新型养老模式百花齐放。通过实际调研总结出一种新型农村养老模式——益源养老模式,在介绍其新概念并分析其特有优势的同时,也看到了现阶段发展中的不足,最后为完善该养老模式提出了针对性的对策建议。     

由“湖北孝感春晖模式”分析资本下乡对农村养老保障的影响

农村社会变革的出发点和着力点都是围绕土地来进行的，当前各地正在进行的以土地流转作为媒介的资本下乡运动，是对农业、农村变革的一种有益尝试，土地流转制度的推行使农村社会养老保障制度面临着新的机遇和挑战。本文阐述了传统农村养老保障的困境；以“湖北孝感春晖模式”为范例，论述资本下乡对农村养老保障产生的影响，为探索今后农村社会与养老保障的发展方向提供实证。     

西安市养老机构开展园艺疗法实践活动初探

随着老龄化速度的加快,养老机构如何提升养老服务水平和老年人生活质量、幸福水平,已成为社会关注热点。目前,园艺疗法已经在日本,中国台湾、香港、广东等地作为一种有效的非药物疗法,在养老护理中广泛使用。通过了解西安地区养老机构实际情况,在借鉴其他地区园艺疗法活动的基础上,总结探索出一套可以在本地区推广的园艺疗法活动模式,以期为促进本地区养老工作开展提供思路。     

忠县三举措强化金融支持“三农”发展

一是加大金融政策支持力度。修改完善《忠县银行业金融机构支持县域经济发展考核评比办法》,提高农村“三权”抵押贷款考核权重。研究建立农村产权抵押融资财政贴息和风险分担补偿机制,引导县内金融机构在网点、资金、服务等方面向“三农”倾斜。     

福州养老机构中园艺疗愈景观满意度影响因子研究

通过对福州不同类型养老机构中园艺疗愈景观的调查,从安全需求、社交需求和文化需求3个方面,提取出12个疗愈景观需求因子,并运用信度分析、相关性分析与回归分析等方法对其进行研究。结果表明,其中有11个因子与满意度显著性相关,对园艺疗愈景观满意度影响力最大的因子是尺度协调性,其次为生态环境适宜性。以期为养老机构景观建设的理论研究和实践研究提供借鉴和新思路。     

吉安市农村沼气服务体系建设现状与发展对策

通过介绍吉安市农村沼气服务体系建设现状,提出吉安市农村沼气服务体系建设存在服务体系建设机构不健全,现行服务模式不成熟,专业化服务人员缺失,农户管理沼气池能力差等问题,建议完善服务组织机构,积极探索因地制宜的服务模式,呼吁国家加大服务网点补贴比例,加强专业人才队伍的培养,增设网点大型进出料车等专业服务设备,深入宣传发动等进行吉安市农村沼气服务网体系的对策。     

彭水县创新举措支持农村“三权”抵押贷款

一是将农村＂三权＂抵押贷款抵押登记权委托到乡镇人民政府或街道办事处的农经站、林业站和片区国土所,简化办理程序,节省农民申办成本。二是对各受理银行的乡镇分理处农村＂三权＂抵押贷款业务经办人员进行专门培训,由各分理处直接办理农村＂三权＂抵押贷款。     

基于园艺疗法的养老机构景观设计

在老龄化社会背景下，养老产业的发展对养老机构环境提出了更高的品质要求，如何结合园艺疗法与养老机构室外人居环境，创造有益的园艺活动，增加老年人与自然的接触，成为当今养老话题中不可避免的热点。以养老机构的户外景观环境为落脚点，结合不同景观设计元素，探讨园艺疗法的具体实施与设计运用，旨在探索如何以潜移默化的方式，通过景观设计中的一草一木，为老年人提供更加健康舒适的生活环境。     

农业生产性服务与农村三产融合的协调度测算

农业生产性服务与农村一二三产业融合协调发展是实现农业适度规模经营、农业增效和农民增收的客观要求,是实现传统农业向现代农业转变的重要举措,也是实现乡村振兴的必要途径。该研究从农业生产性服务和农村一二三产业融合的内涵本质出发,阐述了二者的耦合机理和协调模式;构建了农业生产性服务与农村一二三产业融合的评价体系,并以2016年黑龙江省部分地域的统计数据为样本,利用熵值法和耦合协调度模型测量了各地二者之间的耦合协调度,探讨了二者协调度的地域分布特征。结果表明:目前,黑龙江省的部分地域农业生产性服务与农村一二三产业融合的耦合协调度整体上不高,且整体上农村一二三产业融合发展水平略低于农业生产性服务发展水平,并根据实证结果为政府部门提升农业生产性服务与农村一二三产业融合的耦合协调发展水平提供政策建议。     

食用菌产业经济服务乡村振兴战略路径

发展食用菌产业,既有利于优化产业结构、增加农民收入,也营造了生态宜居的发展环境。通过分析食用菌产业经济服务乡村振兴战略的作用机理,提出优化产业基础、挖掘多元功能和完善发展业态等建议,为乡村振兴提供持续动能。     

乡村振兴背景下基层农业技术推广工作路径探索

摘要：随着农业生产经营主体日益多元化,农技推广的对象、内容、形式都发生了变化,迫切需要创新服务方式,北京市昌平区农业技术推广站紧密结合昌平区农业技术推广服务工作现状,立足服务京郊农业,经过多年实践,总结形成了“五个一”工作技术体系,即“一棚、一园、一村、一镇、一室”,具有技术推广精准、技术服务到位、易于操作执行等特点,切实将农业技术推广工作在基层农业技术推广中层层落实,助力了新品种、新技术的高效转化,提高了农业生产技术水平,助力乡村振兴。对“五个一”工作体系的内涵、技术体系架构、应用方法及应用效果进行了介绍,以期对各层级的农业技术推广服务工作提供借鉴。     

Residents’ preferences for cultural services of the landscape along the urban–rural gradient

Cultural services of the landscape contribute to a higher quality of life. The provision of these services differs along the urban–rural gradient, as does their appreciation by local residents. This paper investigates residents’ preferences for cultural services along the urban–rural gradient through a map-based survey in and around the Dutch city of Maastricht. We focus on the importance of location in explaining these preferences, distinguishing the location of residents (relative to the preferred landscape units) and the location of landscape units (relative to their positions on the urban–rural gradient). The study shows that residents prefer nearby locations for all distinguished cultural services. Locations’ valuation along the urban–rural gradient, however, differs by service type: for cultural heritage locations near the city centre are preferred, while outdoor recreation and sports and passive enjoyment of green landscapes are enjoyed more in rural areas. When considering the spatial distribution of the land-use types that provide these services, we further find that people prefer green areas closer to the city for outdoor recreation and sports and passive enjoyment of green landscapes. The results illustrate the heterogeneity of people’s preferences for cultural services along the urban–rural gradient beyond the distance from their residences. We recommend policy makers to take the urban–rural gradient into account when valuating landscape units, and in particularly the importance of green landscape units close to the city for different cultural services.     

从食用菌栽培户向旅游从业者转型的路径选择

乡村振兴战略的实施为乡村旅游的发展创造了重要机遇,许多地区的食用菌栽培户开始向乡村旅游从业者转型,面对此情况的出现,为了有效推动食用菌栽培户向乡村旅游从业者平稳转型,各地方政府应当改善乡村旅游发展环境,重视发挥乡村社区的作用,优化基础设施,加强栽培户教育培训;食用菌栽培户自身应当树立服务至上的观念、法治观念以及终身学习观念;旅游开发商应当转变观念,更新经营思想,拓宽与社区的合作渠道。     

From supply to social demand: a landscape-scale analysis of the water regulation service

Worldwide water managers and policy makers are faced by the increasing demands for limited and scarce water resources, particularly in semi-arid ecosystems. This study assesses water regulation service in semi-arid ecosystems of the southeastern Iberian Peninsula. Comparisons between the supply–demand sides were analyzed across different landscape units. We mapped the biophysical supply as the potential groundwater recharged by aquifers and water supplies from reservoirs. The social demand was focused on an analysis of water consumed or used for irrigation and the stakeholder’s perceptions regarding water regulation importance and vulnerability. Results show that some landscape units are able to maintain and conserve water regulation service when the volume of recharge water by aquifers and the water supply from reservoirs is greater than its consumption (e.g. rural landscape units). However, we also found potential social conflicts in landscape units where water consumption and use is much greater than the water recharge and supply. This particularly occurs in the non-protected littoral areas with the highest water consumption and where water is perceived as a non-important and vulnerable natural resource. Overall, our results emphasized the importance of assessing ecosystem services from both supply to demand sides, for identifying social conflicts and potential trade-offs, and to provide practical information about how to integrate the ecosystem service research into landscape management and planning.     

Opportunities and challenges for mainstreaming ecosystem services in development planning: perspectives from a landscape level

Despite much progress in ecosystem services research, a gap still appears to exist between this research and the implementation of landscape management and development activities on the ground, especially within a developing country context. If ecosystem service science is to be operationalised and used by decision-makers directing local development, an in-depth understanding of the implementation context for landscape planning and management, and of the opportunities and challenges for ecosystem services in this context are needed. Very little is known about these opportunities and constraints, largely because of the absence of methods to explore the complexity of the landscape planning, management and implementation context and the possibilities of integrating scientific information into these processes within a real-world setting. This study aims to address this need for information and methods, by focusing on a region in South Africa with a long history of ecosystem service research and stakeholder engagement, and testing a social science approach to explore opportunities and challenges for integrating ecosystem services in landscape planning processes and policies. Our methodological approach recognises the importance of social processes and legitimacy in decision-making, emphasizing the need to engage with the potential end-users of ecosystem service research in order to ensure the relevance of the research. While we discovered challenges for mainstreaming ecosystem service at a local level, we also found strong opportunities in the multi-sectoral planning processes driving development and in how the concept of ecosystem services is framed and aligned with development priorities, especially those relating to disaster risk reduction.     

服务融合趋势下农业生产托管组织方式创新研究

农业生产托管逐步成为规模化农业服务的一个重要发展方向。目前关于农业服务规模经营的学术研究远远滞后于发展实践。针对目前研究的不足,该研究结合我国农业生产托管最新实践和黑龙江、山西、江苏、甘肃等省份的走访调研,着眼于服务规模经营视角下农业生产托管服务商的组织方式创新,总结提炼了横向联合扩大服务规模、纵向联合延长产业链条、交叉联合提供全方位服务、线上线下搭建信息化资源共享平台等服务融合创新方式,并分析了农业生产托管在推动农业服务型规模经营方面存在的问题,从而深入探讨农业生产托管服务融合创新的有效手段,并提出相关针对性建议,为农业生产托管的模式规范和政策优化提供参考依据。     

国内外森林康养发展历程及我国森林康养发展建议

森林是地球之肺,良好的森林覆盖能有效地调节气候、维持生态平衡。随着社会发展、生活水平的提高,人们对健康生活和精神生活的需求不断提高,而符合社会发展、绿色健康理念的森林康养产业越来越被现代人接受。森林康养是以森林可持续发展为基础,以提升人们的健康为主题,以养生休闲、医疗、康体服务为依托的产业深度融合的现代服务业模式。本文通过对森林康养的发展历史的研究,从森林康养的兴起、发展进程、创新等方面进行多方面、多角度分析,旨在为我国森林康养产业的发展提供理论指导和借鉴。     

临淄区蔬菜产业发展现状及对策

蔬菜产业是临淄区农业农村经济发展的支柱产业和增加农民收入的重要来源。近年来,临淄区坚持以市场为导向,以蔬菜增效、菜农增收为目标,通过一二三产业的深度融合,农业项目的带动,奖励政策的制定,品牌销售的战略布局,以及“互联网+农业服务”新型技术服务模式的实施,使临淄区蔬菜产业顺利完成了产业升级换代。全区绿色蔬菜品牌产品达到44个,“临淄西红柿”“临淄西葫芦”“柳店韭菜”获得国家农产品地理标志产品商标。温室蔬菜平均收入达到30000元/667 m²,农民收入大幅增长。本文对临淄区蔬菜产业上的做法加以总结并对发展中遇到的土地流转、产业链延伸、品牌运作、营销模式等问题进行了分析,在借鉴其他类似区域经验的基础上提出了推进蔬菜园区基地建设、实施品牌带动战略、规范完善营销模式等发展对策,以期推动临淄区及周边蔬菜产业的发展。