马来海松酸快士醇树脂涂料的研制

采用松香和顺酐反应合成的马来海松酸（MPA）代替苯酐制备醇酸树脂涂料。讨论了合成工艺对涂膜性能的影响，发现采用非醇解工艺可以缩短合成改性醇树脂的反应时间。应用GPS和FTIR分析了MPA醇酸树脂的结构及分子质量，表明MPA醇酸权脂的分子质量经比苯酐醇酸树脂的大；比较了MPA醇酸树脂和苯酐醇酸树脂的涂膜性能，发现MPA醇酸树脂涂膜干燥速度快、硬度高和耐水性好。     

苯乙烯改性桐油基醇酸树脂的合成研究

采用酮油和苯乙烯为原料，合成苯乙烯改性酮油基醇酸树脂。研究了桐油和苯忆烯含量对改性醇酸树脂性能的影响，并对改性树脂的分子质量、涂膜性能和红外光谱进行了测定。结果表明，苯乙烯改性桐油基醇酸树脂涂膜具有快干、高硬度和耐水性好等优点。     

松香改性聚氨酯涂料的研制

用松香改性的醇酸树脂多元醇与ＴＤＩ反应合成聚氨酯预聚物,与羟基醇酸树脂交联制备聚氨酯涂料。讨论了醇酸树脂多元醇、氨酯化反应的工艺条件等因素对预聚物性能的影响,涂膜性能测试表明,该漆干燥快速、性能优异。     

环氧生漆在水曲柳木材上的涂饰工艺研究

主要研究了天然环氧生漆在水曲柳木材表面的涂饰工艺。通过正交试验的方法,研究了基材平整度、涂膜质量和干燥时间对最终涂膜性能的影响,涂膜性能测试包括涂膜硬度、附着力、抗冲击强度等力学性能和涂膜光泽度。通过研究发现三种因素中涂膜质量对涂膜附着力的影响最显著。在单因素试验中设定基材打磨采用180#砂纸,干燥时间为12 h,试验结果显示:当生漆涂膜质量为10 g时,环氧生漆涂膜的综合性能表现较好,其中涂膜硬度为3B,附着力2级,抗冲击强度是35 kg·cm。     

蓖麻油聚氨酯丙烯酸酯复合乳液的研制

采用甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)与蓖麻油水性聚氨酯共聚反应制备蓖麻油聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(CPUA)复合乳液,研究了蓖麻油添加量、MMA添加量和引发剂种类对合成CPUA复合乳液及涂膜性能的影响,并应用傅立叶红外光谱(FT-IR)测定反应产物的结构.研究发现随着蓖麻油和MMA添加量增大,CPUA复合乳液胶粒平均粒径增大,粘度减小,涂膜光泽度下降,机械性能和耐水性增强,确定了合适的蓖麻油和MMA含量,分别为体系总固体质量的20%～25%和20%～30%.采用偶氮二异丁腈(AIBN)和过硫酸钾(KPS)复合引发剂可提高单体的转化率;性能测试表明,本研究合成的CPUA复合乳液具有优异的物理机械性能和耐水性.     

双组分有机硅改性丙烯酸聚氨酯水性木器涂料的研制

探讨了有机硅氧烷的种类、酸值、羟值、中和度和玻璃化温度对水性有机硅丙烯酸羟基树脂的外观、粘度、水溶性、分子质量大小、与固化剂的相容性和所配置清漆涂膜性能的影响。研究结果表明，使用含水解阻碍性官能团的有机硅氧烷单体、酸值在35～50mgKOH／g，羟基含量为3．5％左右，中和度约为85％，玻璃化转变温度为0～15℃，合成的树脂与固化剂配漆所得涂膜性能优异。     

新型无苯桐油醇酸树脂合成配方的研究

针对我国天然特产桐油,以油酸及甘油等为原料,合成改性松香类水溶性醇酸树脂[1],进行了长期有效实验,得出合成性能比较优异无苯低毒溶剂型桐油醇酸树脂涂料配方的最佳比例,这是首次对此类涂料的研究成果。     

苯酐市场需求快速增长

我国苯酐主要用于生产增塑剂和涂料。目前，增塑剂消费量约占苯酐总消费量的３５％，涂料占２２％，塑料工业占１１％，其余占３２％。增塑剂行业是苯酐主要消费用户。在增塑剂领域中，苯酐用于生产邻苯二甲酸醋类增塑剂。随着我国塑料制品业迅速发展，对增塑剂需求量增长很快。在我国生产的增塑剂中，邻苯二甲酸醋类所占比例较大。随着塑料制品业发展，增塑剂需求量将继续增长。预计近期内增塑剂工业对苯酐需求量将以年均５％的速度增长，２００１年需要苯酐约２０万吨。 涂料工业也是苯酐的主要消费用户。苯酐是制造醇酸树脂和聚酯等的原…     

苯甲基化木材溶液制备聚氨酯树脂工艺条件的研究

用苯甲基化木材溶液与甲苯二异氰酸酯(TDI)反应制备聚氨酯树脂。通过考察TDI的加入量、增塑剂种类、催化剂用量和木粉增重率等因素对制得的聚氨酯涂膜性能的影响，得出了用苯甲基化木材制备聚氨酯树脂的最佳工艺条件：增重率为63％～80％的改性木粉8g、TDI 14～16mL、二月桂酸二丁基锡0．4％、分子质量为400的增塑剂。在此条件下，涂膜的干燥时间、铅笔硬度、附着力等参数基本可以满足聚氨酯涂料国家标准(GB 1986)的要求。     

蓖麻油水性聚氨酯树脂的合成与性能的研究

采用蓖麻油(C．O．)、聚醚(N210)、二异氰酸甲苯酯(TDI)和二羟甲基丙酸(DMPA)反应合成了聚氨酯脲水分散液，研究了C．O．／N210的质量比、亲水单体含量、NCO／OH摩尔比和NH／NCO摩尔比对聚氨酯乳液及涂膜性能的影响，并应用傅立叶红外光谱仪(FT—IR)测定反应产物的结构。研究发现C．O．可提高水性聚氨酯涂膜的物理机械性能和耐水性，当C．O．／N210的质量比为1：1、NCO／OH摩尔比为1．6：1、DMPA添加量为5．5％、NH2／NCO摩尔比为0．50：1时合成的水性聚氨酯涂料具有较好的成膜性、较高的硬度、优异的附着力和较好的耐水、耐油性。     

脲醛树脂分子量分布与胶合性能关系的研究（续）：分次加尿素对脲醛树？…

主要探讨分次加尿素对脲醛树脂分子量分布及胶合性能的影响。研究结果表明：在脲醛树脂合成吕，分次加入尿素，不仅可起到降低胶中游离醛的作用，同时还可起到分子量的调解作用。尤其是加入第２次尿素时，对胶中大分子部分可起到降解重排、减少胶中醚键含量的作用，从而达到低毒的目的。加入第２次尿素时，可能会改变脲醛树脂的反应机理。     

歧化松香缩水甘油醚酯(英文)

歧化松香是一种广泛使用于合成橡胶生产的改性松香。由于酸价高以及其他不理想的性能,歧化松香在涂料领域中的直接使用受到阻碍。本文介绍了以缩水甘油醚为基础制备歧化松香树脂的方法,所制成的树脂可以广泛使用于制油漆、清漆、天然漆以及其它各种用途。这些酯类已制成苯乙烯改性的醇酸树脂而被进一步评价。     

The modification of wood by treatment with low molecular weight phenol-formaldehyde resin: a properties enhancement with neutralized phenolic-resin and resin penetration into wood cell walls

To enhance dimensional stability and biological properties, low molecular weight phenolic resins of a conventional alkaline type and neutralized type were impregnated into Japanese cedar wood (Cryptomeria japonica D. Don) and heat-cured. The treatment with the neutralized type resin retained the original wood color, whereas the alkaline treatment changed the color of wood to red-brown. The concentrations of the resin solutions and the weight gains due to the resin loading of wood after treatment were highly correlated, and the target resin loading could be assessed from the solution concentration. A high dimensional stability of 60% antiswelling efficiency was attained when both types of resins were impregnated at about 30% resin loading and no significant difference was recognized between the two. To suppress decay attack from brown-rot and white-rot fungi, 15% and 10% resin loading due to treatment was required for the neutralized and alkaline types of phenolic resins, respectively. The penetration of resin into wood cell walls was investigated by means of light microscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Electron Probe X-ray Microanalysis (EPMA). A m-Bromophenol-formaldehyde resin of three levels of an average molecular weight was used to detect the presence of resin by bromine signals. The phenolic resins with low and medium molecular weights (290 and 470) were shown to penetrate into the cell walls the furthest, thereby contributing to the enhancement of dimensional stability and decay resistance in the resin-impregnated wood. Also, for phenolic resin with a high molecular weight (820), only the resin components of low molecular weight appeared to be present in the walls, making very little contribution to the dimensional stability.     

氢化萜烯马来酸酐与环氧树脂固化物的性能研究

研究了氢化萜烯马来酸酐(HTMA)与环氧树脂固化物的机械强度、热稳定性及电气绝缘等性能及其主要影响因素.实验结果表明,采用氢化萜烯马来酸酐固化后的环氧树脂具有较好的机械强度、热稳定性及电气绝缘性能.氢化萜烯马来酸酐的化学结构与固化物的机械强度及热稳定性密切相关.不同化学结构脂环酸酐固化后的环氧树脂电气绝缘性能相近.     

桐油基改性树脂研究进展

从桐油的分子结构特征出发,综述了桐油基共聚树脂、桐油基改性醇酸树脂、桐油基改性酚醛树脂、桐油基增强复合材料及功能改性涂料等研究领域的最新研究进展,通过进一步认识桐油基改性树脂的研究进展,以期为桐油基改性树脂在各个领域的研究和应用提供参考。     

苯酚焦油酚甲醛共缩聚树脂反应机理的研究

利用ＧＰＣ（凝胶色谱）仪跟踪了ＰＣＦ（苯酚焦油酚甲醛共缩聚）树脂的缩聚反应过程,考察了ＰＣＦ树脂的缩聚机理。研究结果表明：ＰＣＦ树脂在缩聚过程中,分子量分布不连续,在最终的产物中,树脂主要是由少量的小分子和８０％以上的大分子构成,缺少中间过渡型分子;ＰＣＦ树脂在缩聚过程中,分子量增长速度与粘度增长速度不呈线性关系。     

Kraft lignin utilization in adhesives

Summary The utilization of lignin from Pinus radiata black liquor, as a copolymer in ligninphenol-formaldehyde resin binders was studied. Methylolation, demethylation and ultrafiltration separation of high molecular-weight fractions were carried out in order to increase lignin reactivity. The different modified lignins were tested in preparation of lignin-phenolformaldehyde resin binders. Mechanical properties and water resistance were evaluated through testing particleboard panels manufactured with the resins obtained. The best resin was composed of 18,8% ultrafiltrated high molecular weight lignin, 22,9% phenol and 58,3% formaldehyde and had comparable properties with typical commercial resins prepared only with phenol and formaldehyde. An economic analysis was made in order to compare possible benefits obtained through the replacement of phenol by lignin products. The ultrafiltrated lignin copolymer was significantly less costly than a phenol-formaldehyde resin and had comparable physical and chemical properties.The authors acknowledge financial support from the Office of Research, Catholic University of Chile (DIUC) and the National Science Foundation of Chile (CONICYT)     

Phenol–formaldehyde impregnation of densified wood for improved dimensional stability

To produce a highly stable wood-based product with increased mechanical properties, phenol formaldehyde (PF) resin impregnation was combined with the viscoelastic thermal compression (VTC) process. Dimensional stability and bending stiffness were evaluated. Two PF resins with weight average molecular weights of 172 and 780 were studied at three different concentrations, 5, 10 and 20%. After 24-h room temperature water soak and 2-h boil, both PF treatments at all concentration levels showed high levels of dimensional stability compared to non-impregnated VTC processed controls. The higher molecular weight PF provided greater stability with an average thickness swell value of 12% compared to 20 and 37% for the lower molecular weight PF resin treatment and control, respectively. High anti-swelling efficiency values were recorded for both low and high molecular weight resins, implying these modifications were effective at reducing the volumetric swelling which occurred in the unmodified control. PF treatments were also extremely effective at reducing irreversible swelling. The low and high molecular weight resin treatments had 1/5th and 1/7th the irreversible swelling than the unmodified VTC processed controls, respectively. All dimensional stability values improved as resin concentrations increased. Both resin types at all concentration levels reduced Young’s modulus.