山溪性河道植物选择与应用

近年来随着全国河湖生态治理的不断深入,涉水植物措施越来越受到广泛重视,通过对河湖植物措施,特别鉴于山溪性河道植物配置的工程经验,阐述涉水植物在河湖生态治理中的选择和应用。     

水生植物在河道生态治理中的应用

社会的迅速发展带来环境问题的日益严重，城市的生态环境中河流健康问题较为突出，水体污染、水土流失等问题屡见不鲜。水生植物配置是河道修复的一项重要举措，通过挺水植物、浮水植物、沉水植物和湿生植物的合理搭配，改善河道环境。基于此，介绍了水生植物的生态功能，阐述了水生植物的应用原则，以北京市河道治理为例，探讨水生植物在北京地区河道生态治理中的应用，以供参考。     

城市河道生态治理及环境修复措施

以三门峡市河道治理措施为例,研究城市河道生态治理的具体办法,着力探讨当前城市河道治理方面的问题以及科学化治理措施,从而达到生态治理河道,全面提高河道治理质量的目标。     

蒙自市犁江河生态治理与景观设计探究

通过探究"生态先行,景观融合"的生态治理理念在蒙自市犁江河生态治理与景观打造中的方法与实践,分析总结犁江河生态型河流景观建设策略与措施,并探究城市河流景观设计中的人文景观、自然景观等各方面。通过改造犁江河原浆砌石护岸,打造以生态土堤为主的河道护岸形式;在河道改造设计上,遵从原河道自然形式,禁止裁弯取直,尽量恢复河道原生自然形态;同时,进行河道生态景观设计,通过植物措施与工程措施,使河流达到水清岸绿的景观效果。     

城市河道水环境生态治理研究

近年来,城市化建设进程加快,规模也越来越大,人们对于城市环境的要求也在不断提高,所以城市绿化和环境问题越来越受到关注。在城市环境中,城市河道占有很重要的位置,决定了城市水生态环境的好坏,而且城市河道也起到了城市防洪排涝的功能,对于人们生活水平的提高和生命财产安全都起着至关重要的作用。本文通过介绍城市河道生态治理理论和原则,进而对城市河道水环境的治理措施进行了阐述,以期可以给我国城市河道水环境的治理提供一定的借鉴。     

小城镇河道驳岸生态景观设计研究——以富阳市渌渚镇为例

在城镇河道生态景观设计中,河道驳岸植物的合理选择及原生态植物的保护,是城镇生态环境保护的重要途径。浙江省富阳市渌渚镇是一个自然资源保护良好的山区城镇,如何开展河道生态景观植物的选择和应用,将对其河道景观产生一定的影响。文章主要研究渌渚镇河道的景观现状,提出河道驳岸植物的应用途径,并对生态驳岸景观设计提出具体的工程措施。     

生态水系治理与河道绿化研究

随着经济发展的不断提高,城市生态环境的重要部分就是城市的河道,城市河道绿化既是生态环境的重点组成部分,同时又是重要的景观资源。治理生态水系和城市河道的建设,对于国民经济的发展都起到了重要的作用,随着社会的飞速发展,自然形态已经渐渐改变,生态失衡等问题渐渐出现在人们的视野当中,对于居民的用水和生活质量都造成了影响,本文对于城市河道的绿化以及生态水系的治理提出了相应的方案与措施,为生态水系的治理与河道绿化提供了一定的指导作用。     

生态视角下城市河道景观规划设计探析——以遵义市忠庄河河道景观为例

城市河道是城市中非常宝贵的资源,既是一条独特的滨水景观带,又是城市雨洪调控、生态系统的重要组成部分。当前,在全国倡导生态宜居的大背景下,城市河道的生态修复与景观规划设计成为热点。本文从生态视角出发,以遵义市忠庄河实践项目为例,探讨城市河道景观规划设计思路:宏观上解读城市上位规划,结合河道周边用地性质,合理定位各标段景观功能,运用艺术手法,营造满足需求的滨河景观与湿地景观;微观上运用生态技术手段,进行河道污水治理,水环境治理,梳理行洪断面以及解决局部丰水期洪水蔓延等问题,改善人居环境,达到人、水和土地对话的目的。     

京杭运河徐州段河道生态景观设计

对京杭运河徐州段河道进行生态绿化设计,借用对河道两岸的绿化设计来研究河道生态驳岸的建设,采用植物的合理搭配,并利用工程技术与之相结合,尝试阐释生态护坡的内涵,对受损河道进行生态修复,达到"水清、流畅、岸绿、景美"的治河目标。     

生态河道系统整治与建设研究——以浙江历史文化保护型河道为研究对象

生态河道建设是目前城市发展的热点课题之一。通过对浙江省历史文化保护型河道调研分析，有针对性地提出生态河道构建措施，并以浙江历史文化保护型河道为例，来实践生态河道构建体系。从而为城市及其他河道的整治提供依据，使河道整治工作规范化、科学化，使整治后河道生态系统更具有可持续性，发挥其最大的服务功能。     

江西赣州市生态园林规划建设思考

基于人类社会与自然和谐发展的背景，生态设计成为当前园林设计所追求的主题，回归自然已成为当下园林设计的主调。如何通过合理的设计，实现自然与美学的结合，建立资源节约型园林，成为现阶段园林设计的重要课题。通过对现代园林生态设计的研究，提出适合赣州市生态园林规划建设的建议。     

生态景观修复性规划设计研究——以山西沁源县丁城渠为例

根据山西省沁源县城区总体规划对丁城渠景观带的定位以及丁城渠的现状条件,以生态修复和景观生态学为理论基础,从该项目的设计理念和依据、设计原则、总体规划设计布局、功能分区以及专项设计5方面进行深入研究,通过该规划设计不仅可以提高沁源县城市生态环境质量,而且还是沁源县实现建设国家园林县城这一目标的重要保障。     

A scale-sensitive connectivity analysis to identify ecological networks and conservation value in river networks

Existing methods for connectivity analysis still encounter difficulties in explaining functional relationships between network structure and ecological patterns over larger territories or complex structures like dendritic river networks. We propose a method that addresses the problem of scale and resolution in the connectivity analysis of dendritic network structures, illustrated here for the re-colonization of the French Loire river basin by the European otter. The ecological niche factor approach is applied to infer favourable habitat in the river network based on large scale data of land use and hydro-morphology of river segments for the entire river basin. These analyses identified the stressors to the riparian zone of channel straightening, urbanisation and forest fragmentation as the principal factors explaining otter occurrence. Using this estimate of habitat favourability, we used the Integral Index of Connectivity to quantify habitat availability and connectivity in the dendritic river network. When we calculate the integral index of connectivity over different spatial extents by constraining network distances, the scale-sensitivity of the network’s connectivity emerges. Accounting for high mobility by entering larger network distances in the analysis identifies conservation networks and priorities mainly in downstream parts of the river basin, whereas with smaller network distances, more restricted high quality areas in central and upstream parts are highlighted. The presented approach performed better than distribution modelling approaches in explaining species occurrence over the river network and confirms the crucial aspect of connectivity in otter re-colonization.     

构建现代生态校园绿地规划设计再思考——以宁波市滨海国际合作学校校园为例

结合宁波市滨海国际合作学校校园绿地规划设计案例,探讨现代生态校园的绿地规划设计。通过校园绿地设计思路分析,认为需要加强生态的渗透、增加空间个性化、校园人文精神的塑造等措施提升绿地整体规划水准。提出校园绿地整体布局为"一带两轴两核四片六点",对其他校园建设具有借鉴意义。     

探究湖北省城市水生态景观设计方法

如何合理有效的建立水生态景观?如何改造以往固化而发臭的河道与过水区、修复退化的生态湖泊与湿地并设计出行之有效的生态水域景观改良方式方法?如何根据自身环境的不同,将人与水环境、人的亲水性相结合,构建更绿色的城市水景,打造和谐的人居环境,是摆在环艺工作者面前最现实、最紧迫的课题。     

绿道理念在风景名胜区规划中的探索——以辽宁鞍山市玉佛山风景名胜区为例

绿道是将分散的绿色空间进行联通,形成综合性的绿色网络通道,在环境保护、经济利益、美学上具有重要作用。如今,人们逐渐认识到绿道建设的重要性,开始进行绿道的建设与研究。针对玉佛山风景区内绿地之间相互独立、分散,缺少系统性的连接和更为宏观的有机规划的分析,对在风景区线性绿色开放空间的规划设计中如何贯彻绿道设计理念,实现生态、游憩及社会文化等功能的有机结合,做出有益探索。     

赣江源自然保护区药用观赏植物资源及其园林应用

通过对赣江源自然保护区的药用观赏植物进行全面系统的调查和分析,并根据性质和用途对其进行分类,探讨其在园林绿化中的应用。并对具有重大开发潜力的种类进行详细介绍。结果表明:区内药用观赏植物资源丰富,在园林绿化中的用途及其生活型丰富,可广泛应用于园林绿化。     

Application of the diminishing returns concept in the hydroecologic restoration of riverscapes

Increasing our knowledge of unplanned anthropogenic synergies, which have affected ecosystems since prehistory, may facilitate ecological restoration. Predictive relationships between spatial pattern and ecosystem processes and functions in riverscapes have the potential to inform applied ecosystem restoration planning and design, where principles are needed for large-scale river reconnections. Although synergistic, additive, and antagonistic interactions affect ecosystems, the role of such interactions in restoration rarely has been evaluated. Using hydrodynamic modeling, we experimentally examine the aggregate effects of reestablishing hydrologic connections in a tidal freshwater tributary on the floodplain of the Columbia River, USA, which is currently undergoing dike breaching to restore juvenile salmon habitat. Sets of dike breaches yielded average wetted floodplain areas conforming to a two-parameter hyperbola (r ² = 0.93). These findings demonstrate that the yield of inundated floodplain habitat area from dike breaching can conform to the well-established “law of the diminishing increment,” developed in the study of agriculture and economics. Furthermore, the influence of spatial configuration on yield was strong, with midstream breaches yielding 63% and upstream breaches 2% of the wetted area produced by downstream breaches, although conditions of extreme high river flow were not studied. Opening the dike at 26% of the historically present channel outlets provided the maximum return on investment for the study riverscape. Verification of this relationship elsewhere in tidal areas of the Columbia River and on other large river floodplains would contribute to cost-benefit analyses in ecological restoration program planning and have implications for effects on biota.     

乡村生态文明建设规划研究--以浙江省临安市天目村为例

乡村生态文明建设,即培育生态文化、开展文明生产、倡导绿色消费、树立生态理念,推动乡村社会、经济可持续发展。从生态意识、生态行为、生态制度3方面,开展乡村生态文明建设研究,以期实现天目村生态文明建设目标。     

Landscape ecology: a framework for integrating pattern and process in river corridors

Investigations of European floodplain rivers demonstrate how landscape ecology can provide an effective framework to integrate pattern and process in river corridors, to examine environmental dynamics and interactive pathways between landscape elements, and to develop viable strategies for river conservation. The highly complex and dynamic nature of intact river corridors is particularly amenable to a landscape ecology perspective. Analysis of spatial patterns has provided considerable insight into environmental heterogeneity across river corridors and is an essential prelude to examining dynamic interactions. For example, data from aerial photographs, digitized maps and year-round field measurements in a glacial flood plain, enabled us to distinguish six channel types, based on the correspondence between connectivity and physicochemical attributes. Spatial data were also used to analyze longitudinal changes in landscape elements along the course of a morphologically-intact riverine corridor, providing insight into the structural complexity that must have characterized many Alpine rivers in the pristine state. Landscape indices were employed to investigate seasonal dynamics in a glacial flood plain of the Swiss Alps which exhibits a predictable expansion/contraction cycle, with corresponding shifts in flow paths (surface and subsurface) and water sources (snowmelt, englacial, subglacial, alluvial aquifer, hillslope aquifer). Surface connectivity exhibited an unexpected biphasic relationship with total channel length, whereas riverscape diversity progressively increased along the entire range of channel length. Reconstituting the functional integrity that characterizes intact river corridors should perhaps be the major goal of river conservation initiatives. Although understanding functional processes at the landscape scale is essential in this regard, few data are available. In the Alluvial Zone National Park on the Austrian Danube, three phases of hydrological connectivity were identified (disconnection, seepage connection and surface connection) that corresponded to the predominance of three functional processes (biotic interactions, primary production and particulate transport) within the river corridor.