犬埃里希氏体病的病理组织学观察

犬埃里希氏体病( Canine Ehrlichiosis)是一种蜱传播性的、犬埃里希氏体引起的、临床症状多样的、致死率较高的犬传染性疾病.该病最早发现非洲的阿尔及利亚,由于多以蜱为传染媒介,因此目前常见于热带和亚热带地区[1-2].临床症状可以表现为厌食、鼻液增多、衄血、贫血、血小板较少、白细胞减少、低蛋白血症及丙球蛋白升高等症状[3-4].目前国内有关于犬埃里希氏体病的病理剖检变化及病理组织学变化详尽报道的少见.本文通过采用传统的病理学实验技术,对一例疑似犬埃里希氏体感染病例进行了病理组织学观察,结果发现,患犬具有典型的浆细胞增生肝炎及浆细胞增生性肾炎等特征性变化.同时采用病原诊断试剂盒对其进行血清学诊断,最终确诊为犬埃里希氏体感染.该病理组织学观察结果,将为犬埃里希氏体病的治疗及预防提供参考依据,为今后进一步开展其感染机制的研究提供线索.     

一例犬纤维肉瘤的病理学观察

对一例患犬的增生组织进行组织病理学诊断,并确定增生组织的病理学类型。手术切除右侧眼旁皮下肿块,经福尔马林溶液固定,进行常规石蜡包埋、切片、HE染色。显微镜下观察可见瘤细胞大小不一,多为梭形,可见核分裂象,有炎性细胞浸润。通过临床诊断结合病理组织学观察初步确诊为犬纤维肉瘤。     

犬肛周腺瘤病例

犬肛周腺瘤是一种变异的皮脂腺瘤,仅发生于犬,多见于未去势的老龄犬[1]。本实验室于2011年接受了一例西施犬肛门周围皮肤肿物,经诊断为犬肛周腺瘤,报告如下。1材料与方法西施犬(雄性),11岁,肛门周围增生,色素沉着,右斜下方有一圆形隆起增生物,近半年来渐进性增大。取自生物用10%福尔马林液固定,常规病理     

一例犬卵巢囊肿石蜡切片的病理学诊断及分析

为了对一例犬卵巢囊肿进行组织病理学诊断并分析囊肿物的性质,试验采集卵巢囊肿病犬的卵巢制作石蜡切片,经H. E.染色处理后观察病理特征。结果表明:在光学显微镜下观察到视野中有少数核分叶明显的淋巴细胞和大量强嗜碱性粒细胞,结缔组织明显增生。说明在诊断卵巢囊肿时采用组织病理学诊断不仅可以准确诊断,而且可发现早期恶性病变,提高治疗效果。     

7例犬乳腺肿瘤的病理组织学分析

乳腺肿痛是宠物犬的一种常发疾病,不仅严重威胁着宠物犬的健康,而且.给犬主人的生活造成很人影响。为了进一步加强犬乳腺肿瘤的诊断和治疗水平,本文对云南农业人学附属兽医院采集的7例乳腺肿瘤进行了组织病理学诊断,结果显示7例患犬的乳腺肿瘤均为良性,老龄母犬更易患乳腺肿瘤。通过分析其的发生情况、分类和病理组织特点,讨论了病理组织学对现今犬乳腺肿瘤的临床治疗的作用,希望能为该病的诊断治疗提供一些参考。     

一例泰迪犬肿瘤疾病的诊断与治疗

为了解当前犬肿瘤疾病的临床诊断及治疗现状，本文记录了一例患病泰迪犬的临床症状、治疗过程及预后情况，并对患病犬进行临床综合诊断、实验室诊断、影像学检查和手术摘除疗法。通过对切除肿瘤进行病理组织学观察，进一步研判了肿瘤类型。经综合诊断，该泰迪犬患肥大细胞瘤（恶性肿瘤），已向乳腺周围和口腔局部扩散，目前正在使用长春新碱化疗药物维持，需定期复诊。     

一例犬口腔恶性黑色素瘤的病理组织学观察

恶性黑色素瘤是犬类恶性肿瘤中比较常见的一种,一旦发现,除手术治疗方法外无其他有效治疗方案,且易发生组织溃烂和癌细胞转移。笔者对一例11岁雄性可卡的口腔肿瘤进行病理组织切片染色,显微镜下观察到明显的黑色素肿瘤细胞,其大小不一,形状各异。该口腔肿瘤确诊为恶性黑色素瘤。希望为临床犬口腔恶性黑色素瘤的诊断提供参考资料。     

Beagle犬乳腺纤维腺瘤的手术摘除及病理学观察病例

确诊1例Beagle犬乳腺肿瘤的类型,为犬类实验动物肿瘤性疾病的临床诊断和病理学诊断积累经验.通过对1例Beagle犬乳腺肿瘤的临床症状表现、剖检肉眼观察、手术切除后愈合状况的观察及组织病理形态学变化观察,确定它的临床特点和组织病理学特征.该肿瘤的组织病变具有乳腺纤维腺瘤的典型特征,确诊为犬乳腺纤维腺瘤.本试验通过对病犬术后愈合状况的长期观察进一步佐证了组织病理学检测结果的正确性,可为判断犬类实验动物肿瘤性疾病提供一定的临床诊断和病理学诊断依据.     

2例犬脾脏淋巴组织结节性增生组织病理学诊断

犬脾脏淋巴组织结节性增生（nodules of lymphoid hyperplasis,FHN）是较常见的犬脾脏肿大疾病,需借助组织病理学技术进行准确诊断。文章总结了两例不同分级的犬FHN,利用H.E.和免疫组织化学（immnohistochemistry,IHC）染色技术,标记CD3、CD19和Vimentin,结合其形态学特征,将其分别诊断为Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级FHN,并以脾脏肿块中淋巴细胞和其他基质细胞的相对比例为依据,为准确诊断犬脾脏FHN提供参考。     

犬、猫以流涎为主疾病的类症鉴别

流涎是由于动物唾液分泌异常亢进或吞咽因难，使口腔中的分泌物流出口外的一种病理状态，犬、猫流涎主要是唾液腺受到各种因素刺激的结果。引起犬猫流涎的主要疾病有口腔和唾液腺疾病、直接或问接引起口腔炎症或口腔肌痉挛或麻痹的传染病、咽和食道疾病、胃肠道疾病和中毒性疾病。     

Extraction techniques for equine incisor and canine teeth

Extraction of equine incisor and canine teeth is a vital part of equine dentistry. Although dental pathology involving the incisor and canine teeth is less common, the practitioner should be prepared to diagnose conditions and develop a treatment plan. Depending on the pathology revealed via oral examination and intraoral radiographs, the treatment plan may include either simple (nonsurgical) or surgical extraction of an incisor or canine tooth. Technique and instrumentation refinement over the last 20 years has led to more precise extraction procedures with reduced secondary trauma to healthy tissues. As a result, incisor and canine extraction procedures are more predictable in execution and quality, with minimal complications.     

犬声带切除术的研究

犬声带切除术是目前小动物临床外科的常见手术，主要目的是消除或降低犬的吠叫声音。切除声带的手术途径有两种，即经口腔切除和经腹侧喉室切除。选取20只2岁左右的杂种犬，随机分成2组。第l组采用腹侧喉室声带切除术，术后半年的消声率为80oA；第2组采用经口腔声带切除术，术后半年的消声率为40％。但采用经口腔声带切除术，手术比较简便和快捷，损伤小，恢复较快。因此，经口腔声带切除术是一种较好的犬声带切除方法。     

犬声带切除术的研究

犬声带切除术是目前小动物临床外科的常见手术,主要目的是消除或降低犬的吠叫声音.切除声带的手术途径有两种,即经口腔切除和经腹侧喉室切除.选取20只2岁左右的杂种犬,随机分成2组.第1组采用腹侧喉室声带切除术,术后半年的消声率为80%;第2组采用经口腔声带切除术,术后半年的消声率为40%.但采用经口腔声带切除术,手术比较简便和快捷,损伤小,恢复较快.因此,经口腔声带切除术是一种较好的犬声带切除方法.     

Development of the polymerase chain reaction assay based on the canine genome database for detection of monoclonality in B cell lymphoma

From the canine genome database and its bioinformatic analysis, we identified conserved sequences within the vast majority of 61 variable segments and 1 joining segment of the immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) gene, and designed optimal primers for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification directed at these conserved sequences to evaluate the monoclonality of IgH in canine B cell lymphoma. Using the primers, a PCR-based assay was performed on fine-needle aspiration samples of normal, hyperplasia, and malignant lymph nodes and lymphoma cell lines. All fine-needle aspiration samples of five B cell lymphoma cases and the B cell lymphoma line GL-1 exhibited clonal amplification, whereas no amplification was observed in the samples from normal and hyperplasia lymph nodes, cases of T cell lymphoma, and the T cell lymphoma line CL-1. The primers we designed clearly distinguished malignant B lymphocytes from normal, reactive, and malignant T lymphocytes, indicating a potential utility of the primers for PCR-based routine clinical examination for canine B cell lymphoma.     

Cutaneous neoplasms in dogs associated with canine oral papillomavirus vaccine

A spectrum of proliferative cutaneous lesions occurred in 12 dogs at the injection site of live canine oral papillomavirus (COP) vaccine, suggesting a viral etiology for the masses. Lesions included epidermal hyperplasia, epidermal cysts, squamous papilloma, basal cell epithelioma, and squamous cell carcinoma. Peroxidase-antiperoxidase staining of tumor sections revealed nuclei which stained for group-specific papillomavirus antigen in five of 12 masses. Electron microscopic examination of tumor sections did not reveal virions. In transmission studies, macerated tumor tissue did not produce oral papillomas on the scarified mucosa of puppies; this procedure did protect the puppies from development of lesions when challenged with infectious papilloma material. These findings are evidence that COP can induce hyperplastic and neoplastic lesions in sites other than oral, pharyngeal, and ocular mucosa.     

犬子宫内膜炎的新分类：从解剖学和组织病理学角度分析

本研究旨在通过优化对犬子宫内膜炎的分类,提高其在临床上的诊断率,为进一步探讨犬子宫内膜炎的标准分类提供一定的理论依据。对40只母犬进行卵巢子宫摘除术,通过观察患犬有无临床症状、子宫内膜结构在组织学上有无囊性扩张、内膜与肌层厚度(Endo/Myo)比值、基质成分和炎性细胞浸润情况,将犬子宫内膜炎进行更深入的分类。结果表明,可将子宫内膜炎在组织病理学上大致分为两组,临床症状组和无临床症状组,临床症状组又可分为无炎症类、轻度炎性浸润类、重度炎性浸润类(增生)和重度炎性浸润类(萎缩)四类,无临床症状组包括健康类和内膜囊性增生类(CEH)。本研究为制定犬子宫内膜炎的标准分类提供了一种较客观的判定方法。     

Antitumour effects of Liporaxel (oral paclitaxel) for canine melanoma in a mouse xenograft model

Paclitaxel, a member of the taxane family, exhibits antitumour effects by targeting the microtubules in cancer cells. Recently, oral paclitaxel has been developed to overcome the side effects of intravenous paclitaxel administration in human patients. The objective of this study was to investigate the antitumour effects of oral paclitaxel in vitro and in vivo. Three weeks after inoculation, oral paclitaxel (25 and 50 mg/kg) or saline was administered every week for three consecutive weeks. To explore the underlying mechanism, tumour angiogenesis was examined by immunohistochemistry with an anti‐CD31 antibody. Tumour cell apoptosis was detected by Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP Nick‐End Labeling assay, and cell cycle arrest was confirmed by western blot analysis. Oral paclitaxel treatment of canine melanoma cells exerted mediated antiproliferative effects and mediated cell cycle arrest in vitro. In animal experiments, after oral paclitaxel administration, the average tumour size decreased to approximately 30% of that in the control. Histologically, oral paclitaxel showed anti‐angiogenic effects and induced the apoptosis in tumour tissues. Oral paclitaxel also downregulated the intratumoural expression of cyclin D1 and inhibited cell proliferation. The study findings support potential application of oral paclitaxel as a novel chemotherapeutic strategy to treat canine melanoma. This is the first study to investigate the potential of oral paclitaxel as a therapeutic drug against canine tumours.     

一例犬子宫蓄脓的诊断及手术治疗

本试验对一例患有子宫蓄脓的西施犬通过询问病史、临床检查、血常规检测、X光及B超检查进行确诊,采用手术法治疗。结果显示,血常规检查发现白细胞、中性粒细胞均增多,X光检测到明显膨大的子宫,B超影像可观察到子宫角为圆腔状的黑色暗区,子宫壁增生变厚产生无回声液性暗区。对于子宫蓄脓的诊断,血常规检查显示体内有炎症变化,X光和B超确诊病犬为开放性子宫蓄脓,对病犬采取手术疗法,彻底切除卵巢和子宫。病犬术后恢复良好。     

Failure of extracts from Malassezia pachydermatis to stimulate canine keratinocyte proliferation in vitro

Abstract Epidermal hyperplasia is one of the major histopathological features seen in dogs with Malassezia dermatitis. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of extracts and culture supernatants from Malassezia pachydermatis on the proliferation of canine keratinocytes. Keratinocyte cultures were established from normal dog skin, and cell monolayers were co-cultured with Malassezia extracts (prepared either with or without protease inhibitors) and supernatants derived from organisms grown in liquid culture. The proliferation of keratinocytes was measured using a colourimetric assay. Neither the culture supernatants nor the Malassezia extracts had significant effects on the proliferation rate of canine keratinocytes, regardless of whether protease inhibitors were present or not. The results indicate that the epidermal hyperplasia seen in Malassezia dermatitis is unlikely to be caused directly by secretion of products from the organism.