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波吉卵囊藻(Oocystis borgei)是亚热带对虾高位池养殖水体常见的优势种,对于稳定池塘生态结构,保持良好水体环境具有重要的意义.研究常温下波吉卵囊藻的保存效果有利于波吉卵囊藻的简易保存和虾类养殖的直接投入使用,以便推动水产养殖行业的微藻生态调控.在25℃、30℃和35℃下研究了不同沼泽红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas palustris)浓度对波吉卵囊藻保存效果的影响.结果显示,在25℃、30℃和35℃下波吉卵囊藻保存的成活率、叶绿素a(Chl-a)质量浓度,以及恢复培养后的比增长率和ρ(Chl-a)与沼泽红假单胞菌添加浓度呈正相关,1.94×10^6个·mL-为最佳浓度;25℃为最适保存温度,但是在30℃下保存后恢复生长时发现比增长率要比25℃下保存的高(0.432).因此,25℃下添加沼泽红假单胞菌浓度为1.94×10^6个·mL^-1时波吉卵囊藻的保存效果最佳,成活率达到87.5%,p(Chl-a)为31.14 μg·L^-1,经恢复培养后比增长率为0.424,p(Chl-a)为55.94 μg·L^-1. 相似文献
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《河北渔业》2013,(6)
为探讨不同浓度的沼泽红假单胞菌(有效活菌数≥5×109个/mL)对罗非鱼养殖水质及生长的影响,采用单因子试验方法,试验共设4个处理,其中1#、2#、3#为试验组,依次在水体中投放3种不同浓度的沼泽红假单胞菌(4mg/L、6mg/L和8mg/L),每隔10d泼洒一次;4#为空白对照组。试验养殖180d,分6次测定水体pH值、溶氧量、化学需氧量(COD)和总无机氮(TIN)含量,试验结束起捕计算罗非鱼的产量、均末重、成活率以及饵料系数作为生产性能的评判指标。试验结果表明,试验组投放沼泽红假单胞菌能稳定水体pH值,提高溶氧量,有效抑制水体化学需氧量(COD)和总无机氮(TIN)等有毒物质的产生,试验组的平均单位产量、均末重和成活率均显著高于对照组4#(P<0.05),而饵料系数显著低于对照组4#(P<0.05)。多重比较来看,投放浓度为6mg/L组效果最好,单位面积产量最高。说明在水体中投放沼泽红假单胞菌,有效地改善养殖水体的水质状况,提高饵料转化率,促进鱼生长,增强抗病力,可在罗非鱼养殖区域大面积示范推广应用。 相似文献
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几种金属离子对沼泽红假单胞菌2-8生长和亚硝酸盐消除的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
在培养基中添加一定浓度金属离子,研究了不同浓度铜离子(Cu2+)、镁离子(Mg2+)、锌离子(Zn2+)、铁离子(Fe3+)和锰离子(Mn2+)对沼泽红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudom onas palustris)2-8株生长和亚硝酸盐消除能力的影响。结果发现,1×10-7mol.L-1Cu2+刺激菌株生长和亚硝酸盐消除,1×10-4mol.L-1Cu2+抑制生长和亚硝酸盐消除,1×10-6mol.L-1和1×10-5mol.L-1的Cu2+抑制生长,但刺激亚硝酸盐消除;1×10-4mol.L-1Mg2+刺激菌株生长和亚硝酸盐消除;不同浓度Zn2+对菌体生长影响不显著,但浓度为1×10-6mol.L-1和1×10-7mol.L-1时刺激亚硝酸盐消除,浓度大于1×10-6mol.L-1时抑制亚硝酸盐消除;Fe3+促进生长,浓度越高生长越好,对菌株亚硝酸盐消除的影响则刚好相反;不同浓度Mn2+均抑制菌株生长,1×10-6~1×10-3mol.L-1Mn2+抑制亚硝酸盐消除。受测定的5个金属离子中除1×10-4mol.L-1Cu2+对菌株亚硝酸盐消除能力的抑制较强外,其他离子的抑制会随时间推移逐渐消失。 相似文献
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以1株具有亚硝酸盐消除能力的沼泽红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomonas palustris)2-8菌株(简称2-8菌株)为材料,研究了不同光照和氧组合、pH、盐度对菌株生长和亚硝酸盐消除能力的影响。结果发现,光照厌氧条件最利于2-8菌株的生长,该条件下菌株亚硝酸盐消除能力最强,25h消除率达(91.33±1.27)%;菌株在pH7.0时生长和亚硝酸盐消除能力最强,25h亚硝酸盐消除率达到(95.58±4.34)%,在pH9.0以上和5.0以下时基本不生长;菌株在w(NaCl)为0和0.4%的培养基中生长和亚硝酸盐消除能力最强,在w(NaCl)为0.8%~2.0%的培养基中,生长和亚硝酸盐消除能力随w(NaCl)增高而减弱。测定的4个环境因子主要通过影响菌株的生长来影响其对亚硝酸盐的消除能力。 相似文献
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为探索环保型的噬菌蛭弧菌宿主菌菌种,本文用红假单胞菌作为宿主菌进行了培养噬菌蛭弧菌的研究,系统地探索了pH值、缓冲系及温度等环境因子对培养效果的影响。实验表明用红假单胞菌培养噬菌蛭弧菌,其环境影响因子、出斑时间、出斑数量、培养收获浓度等方面均与大肠杆菌无差异,最佳培养条件为25℃~30℃、pH值7.0~8.0、PBS缓冲系、并添加一定量的钙、镁离子,光合细菌中红假单胞菌可完全取代污染菌大肠杆菌培养噬菌蛭弧菌,生产环保型的蛭弧菌制剂,并简化了生产程序。并建立了蛭弧菌的培养采收标准,同时初步提出了一种简易的蛭弧菌浓度的计算方法——裂解系数计算法。 相似文献
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球形红假单胞菌对三角帆蚌养殖水体水质的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
将红螺菌科的红假单胞菌应用于三角帆蚌养殖水体,测定水化学环境因子变化情况。结果表明,光合细菌可稳定养殖水体pH,去除氨氮、亚硝酸盐氮、总氮,降低COD,促进水体氮循环,改善养殖水体水质。按水体体积计算,红假单胞菌密度109/mL的菌液合理施用量为0.1%。 相似文献
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为优化渔用荚膜红假单胞菌(Rhodopseudomona capsulata)商品保存技术,首先对实验室选育保存的高效荚膜红假单胞菌(菌种NC01)进行菌种扩大培养,再采用正交试验方法,研究不同的保存温度、菌液pH值、包装桶规格、透光度、颜色对渔用荚膜红假单胞菌商品保存期的影响,并采用单因素试验方法,研究在菌液中添加保护剂后的保存效果。结果显示,在商品菌液中添加0.5g/L维生素C,调节菌液pH值7.0,采用5L透光度2 500lx的绿色塑料桶包装,在温度25℃下保存效果最好。应用最适宜保存技术保存渔用荚膜红假单胞菌商品两个月,菌液的有效活菌数≥2.76×109个/mL,比普通保存技术提高了67.27%,两者差异显著(P0.05),为渔用荚膜红假单胞菌商品的保存提供了一种全新、有效的保存技术。 相似文献
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为了研究红假单胞菌属光合细菌的规模化培养方法,2015年1月5日至2016年4月26日,将淡水鱼配合饲料与自来水混合后放置在玻璃温室,于有机玻璃柱中腐烂、发酵培养,培养期间不添加其他物质,也不添加菌种种源。实验过程中,随着饲料的腐烂,容器内壁上逐渐出现了暗红色物质附着,并且附着面积逐渐扩散到整个内壁,然后水体也逐渐转变为暗红色。结果显示,饲料腐烂过程中,水体TN、TP和TOC最高可分别达近1 200 mg/L、700 mg/L和2 700 mg/L,随后水体TN、TP和TOC出现降低趋势。微生物高通量测序分析结果显示,当水体呈现暗红色时,附着态微生物样品和浮游态微生物样品均以红假单胞菌属为最大的优势属,红假单胞菌属在附着态样品和浮游态样品中的相对丰度分别达到73.19%和54.31%,即实现了浮游态和附着态红假单胞菌属光合细菌的高密度培养。推断本实验中红假单胞菌规模化培养方法的机理:首先,异养菌降解饲料原料为小分子物质,随后在适当的水温、光照等物理因素的影响下,其中高浓度的氮、磷、碳以及金属离子、维生素、微量元素等小分子物质满足了红假单胞菌的高密度生长需求而大量生长成为优势种类。这提供了一种利用水产配合饲料与水一起发酵进行红假单胞菌属光合细菌规模化培养的方法,可为其他降解大分子有机物的异养菌的规模化培养提供参考。 相似文献
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Y. WANG 《Aquaculture Nutrition》2011,17(2):e372-e378
The present research evaluated the effects of three probiotics on the growth performance and intestinal digestive enzyme activity in fingerlings of grass carp, Ctenopharyngodon idella. Three treatments (T‐1, T‐2 and T‐3) were fed with diets containing different viable bacteria with a final concentration 106 CFU g?1 feed (Bacillus coagulans, Rhodopseudomonas palustris and Lactobacillus acidophilus, respectively) and the control was fed with basal diet without probiotics. All the diets supplemented with probiotics resulted in better (P < 0.05) final weight, daily weight gain and relative gain rate than control but no significant differences were observed among the treatment groups. The highest protease activity was observed in T‐1. However, T‐2 and T‐3 showed no difference (P > 0.05) in protease and cellulase activities compared with the control. The protease activity was higher in the foreintestine than in the hindintestine (P < 0.05), and the reverse was observed in cellulase activity. As for amylase activity, there was no difference between foreintestine and hindintestine. In conclusion, the three selected probiotics increased the growth performance of grass carp fingerlings. Furthermore, different digestive enzyme activity was observed in different intestine segment. 相似文献
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Intensive recirculating aquaculture relies on biofilters to sustain satisfactory water quality in the system. Fluidized bed and immobilized cell technologies were used to remove ammonia from the water and maintain fish health. A high‐rate nitrifying fluidized bed biofilter combined with valveless filter was designed for use in a recirculation aquaculture system (RAS). The suspended solids produced during fish culture could automatically be removed using a valveless filter. Natural porosity with fitting proportion, steady fluidization and expanding rate was chosen as the fluidized carrier. The technology of bacterial separation and cultivation was used. The immobilized Rhodopseudomonas palustris (R. palustris) produced through a biotechnologically embedding medium is suitable for fish and could help prevent diseases. Nitrification was promoted through the selective rearing of nitrobacteria in a fluidized bed biofilter. Water quality was improved using fluidized bed biofilter and immobilized R. palustris in the RAS. In addition, the proposed system was able to reduce costs. Maximum fish load was 45 ± 3 kg m?3 in the closed recirculating water fish culture system, and water use was reduced by 80–90%. The total ammonia nitrogen removal rate of the technology was 80–95%, and nitrite N removal rate was above 80%. 相似文献
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Rijia Liu Wenshuang Wu Xiaohan Xu Yanling Wang Ting Yu Jinghan Wang Qi Zheng Xu Changru Pan Wu 《Aquaculture Research》2020,51(10):3959-3971
The use of traditional bait and medicament in freshwater aquaculture exacerbates environmental pollution and leads to frequent occurrence of diseases. Effluent collected after Rhodopseudomonas palustris‐mediated wastewater treatment could be reutilized as microbial feeds, medicament and aquaculture water to culture Pelteobagrus vachelli. Therefore, a novel integrated system of wastewater treatment using effluent containing R. palustris that improves yield, increases disease resistance and enhances the quality of aquaculture water for P. vachelli culture was proposed and investigated. P. vachelli can grow well in effluent containing R. palustris (ER). The survival rate, yield and whole‐body composition of the ER group were all increased compared to those of the control group (CK). The biochemical (B vitamin) and other substances in the effluent of R. palustris enhanced the activity of proteases, amylases, lipases, alkaline phosphatase (AKP), acid phosphatase (ACP), phagocytic, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) by up‐regulating the expression of AKP, ACP, SOD and CAT genes. Theoretical analysis showed that biochemical substances regulated the expression of these genes and enzyme activities as stimulus signal, component and active centre. Moreover, R. palustris and biochemical substances improved the target of rapamycin (TOR) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF‐κB) signalling pathways and intestinal microbiota. Furthermore, R. palustris inhibited Aeromonas hydrophila, which increased resistance to fish diseases and promoted the growth of intestinal probiotics. Meanwhile, R. palustris in effluent also purified the quality of aquaculture water. Use of this technology simultaneously helped improve aquaculture water quality, reduce water pollution and wastewater discharge and increased the output and disease resistance of P. vachelli. 相似文献
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该研究采用双层平板涂布法和划线法,从不同地区的海洋环境样品中分离纯化光合细菌,以副溶血弧菌 (Vibrio parahemolyticus)、创伤弧菌 (V. vulnificus)、鳗弧菌 (V. anguillarum) 为指示菌,采用牛津杯法测定海洋光合细菌菌株的抑菌作用,采用靛酚蓝分光光度法和盐酸萘乙二胺分光光度法测定不同菌株对氨氮 (NH4 +-N) 和亚硝态氮 (NO2 −-N) 的降解作用,筛选出具有抗弧菌并高效降解NH4 +-N和NO2 −-N复合功能的优良菌株。结果显示,从30个海水、海泥等样品中分离得到3株光合细菌,分离自连云港车牛山岛海水样品的菌株P-3,对3种弧菌均具有较强的抑制作用,其中对鳗弧菌的作用最强,抑菌圈直径为5.3 mm。3株光合细菌均具有一定的降解NH4 +-N和NO2 −-N作用,菌株P-3的降解作用最强,在含有50 mg·L−1 NH4 +-N和NO2 −-N的培养基中培养4 d,降解率分别为89.68%和94.98%。经形态学观察、生理生化试验和16S rDNA序列分析,确定P-3为沼泽红假单胞菌 (Rhodopseudomonas palustris)。 相似文献
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四联活菌制剂对养殖水体中氨氮及亚硝酸盐的降解 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
利用四联活菌制剂,在室内进行了对养殖池塘水体中氨氮及亚硝酸盐的降解试验.结果表明,光合细菌、纳豆芽孢杆菌、乳酸菌、硝化细菌具有较好的氨氮、亚硝酸盐降解性能,随着添加质量浓度的增加,氨氮、亚硝酸盐的去除率增加;各菌株氨氮降解能力依次为:乳酸菌>光合细菌>硝化细菌>纳豆芽孢杆菌;亚硝酸盐降解能力依次为:硝化细菌>纳豆芽孢杆菌>光合细菌>乳酸菌.四联活菌制剂对养殖水体中氨氮及亚硝酸盐降解试验结果表明,乳酸菌、光合细菌、硝化细菌、纳豆芽孢杆菌的协同作用对氨氮、亚硝酸盐的降解效果更显著、快速.当制剂添加量分别为1.5、3.0、4.5 kg/hm~2时,5 d氨氮的去除率分别为52%、80%、74%,亚硝酸盐的去除率接近100%,结果均显著高于添加同剂量单一菌株时的氨氮、亚硝酸盐的去除率. 相似文献