粉花山扁豆的播种育苗技术

对粉花山扁豆种子进行低温储藏与种子萌发试验。结果表明:粉花山扁豆新鲜种子的发芽率可达71.67%,随着低温储藏时间的增加,其发芽率逐渐降低。用60℃温水浸种和80%硫酸拌种对粉花山扁豆种子萌发均有促进作用。     

优良园林绿化树种粉花山扁豆引种栽培技术

介绍了优良园林绿化树种粉花山扁豆在西双版纳普文生长的形态特征、生物学特性,从采种、种子检验、种子处理、播种育苗、幼苗形态、栽培及病虫害防治等方面阐述了粉花山扁豆的引种栽培技术,为以后该树种的大规模发展应用提供技术参考。     

不同基质对蓝花楹种子发芽率的影响试验

在塑料大棚内进行蓝花楹播种育苗,分别在3种不同基质上播种,Ⅰ号基质用山砂(棋盘山天然山砂)加腐殖土,比例为8:2混匀,其发芽率可达90%;Ⅱ号基质用常规园土加腐殖土,比例为8:2混匀,其发芽率为87.5%;Ⅲ号基质用常规园土.通过时其发芽率的比较,得出种子发芽率的最佳基质为Ⅰ号基质,其次为Ⅱ号基质,再次为Ⅲ号基质.     

不同处理对神黄豆种子发芽的影响

用剪刀剪、锉子锉、与瓜子石混搓等机械处理法以及用5%氢氧化钾、98%浓硫酸等化学处理法对神黄豆种子进行预处理,3倍种子体积沸水浸泡并自然冷却浸种48 h,观察并统计种子吸胀粒数、种皮破裂数后置床进行发芽测定。结果表明,除与瓜子石混搓处理外,其余处理均能促进种子吸水膨胀,显著提高神黄豆种子发芽率。其中以98%浓硫酸浸泡2 h处理效果最好,其吸胀率达98.0%、发芽率最高,达88.3%,吸胀破皮率、不正常发芽率均为0%;其次是锉子锉处理效果好,其吸胀率达99.0%,发芽率可达84.7%,吸胀破皮率、不正常发芽率均为0%;用5%氢氧化钾进行浸泡处理,对种子发芽有一定的促进作用,但发芽不整齐,发芽速度慢,处理14 d吸胀率为59.7%、发芽率最高为48.0%;与瓜子石混搓处理效果相对较差,对神黄豆种子发芽的促进作用不明显,吸胀率为5.0%、发芽率为5.0%。     

雄黄豆的育苗方法

对雄黄豆进行种子处理、育苗基质选择及播种方式试验。结果表明 ,用钢锉进行人工锉种子 ,其发芽率达 1 0 0 % ;浓硫酸浸泡 6 0min ,种子的发芽率达 93% ,且发芽较一致 ;用沸水处理 3次 ,种子的发芽率只有 2 0 % ,且发芽不整齐。苗木在Ф1 0cm× 1 4cm的黑色薄膜袋 ,80 %黄心土 + 2 0 %火烧土混合的基质上 ,长势好 ,生长快。     

青钱柳MPT苗型育苗技术初步研究

本文对青钱柳MPT苗型(根坨苗)育苗技术进行了初步研究。研究表明用GA100mg·L~(-1)处理种子10h可使62%种子提早1年发芽,缩短了培育时间;采用128穴、72穴和50穴塑料穴盘培育青钱柳60d龄苗,进行两段育苗,移栽成活率100%;用泥炭、森林腐殖土、树皮粉、腐熟厩肥配制的营养基质均可提高根坨苗质量;用根坨苗造林,其造林成活率比裸根苗提高23.2%。     

不同处理方式对皂荚种子发芽影响

为寻求打破皂荚种子机械休眠的方法,提高皂荚种子的发芽率,采用浓硫酸、开水烫种、开水沸水浴和清水不同方式处理,试验研究了对皂荚种子的发芽率、发芽势和吸水率的影响。结果表明:机械休眠是导致皂荚种子发芽率低主要原因;浓硫酸能在一定程度上通过腐蚀打破休眠,但效果不明显;开水沸水浴能打破休眠使种子充分吸水,但沸水浴后导致种子失活无法发芽;100℃开水逐次烫种后能打破种子休眠且保持种子正常发芽,发芽率达到82%。采用开水逐次烫种的方式能显著提高皂荚种子的发芽率,且这种方式较为简单实用,可以在生产中进行推广。     

优良观赏树种粉花山扁豆的栽培技术

文章介绍了园林树种粉花山扁豆的形态特征、生物学和生态学特性，认为该树种观赏价值极佳，可在我国南方园林绿化中推广应用。并对其种子处理、育苗、栽植及管理等技术进行了探讨。     

不同播种方法对擎天树种子萌发特性的影响

以擎天树(Parashorea chinensis)种子为供试材料,探讨了播种基质、播种时间、点播方式和种壳处理对擎天树种子萌发特性的影响,从而分析提高种子发芽率和育苗质量的方法。结果表明:采用轻基质做播种基质,擎天树种子发芽率最高,达95%;采用横向点播方式,擎天树种子萌发效果最好,比正向、反向发芽率分别提高75%、15%;随播种时间的延后,种子萌芽率降低,3天内播种发芽率较高;脱壳处理可提高真叶萌发率16.4%,而分胚点播可提高种子成苗率,增加播种出苗量104.0%。     

红豆树育苗技术探讨

通过对红豆树种子采取不同催芽处理方式进行育苗对比试验,结果表明:红豆树种子在播种前进行破皮+冷水浸泡处理,发芽率明显高于不进行催芽处理和单用60℃温水浸泡处理的种子,分别高出87.8%和41.9%;在出土时间上,破皮+冷水浸泡处理的种子比不处理和单用60℃温水浸泡处理的种子要早,分别早了24d和11d;发芽结束时间上,破皮+冷水浸泡处理的种子比不处理和单用60℃温水浸泡处理的种子少63d和30d;平均苗高分别高出29.2%和11.2%。     

不同处理对格木种子发芽的影响

格木种子催芽试验表明:擦破种皮可有效地促进格木种子的发芽,发芽率比对照高42 5%;100℃热水浸种和浓硫酸拌种30min的处理方法对种子发芽提高有明显的促进作用,发芽率分别比对照高71 25%、73 75%,发芽势分别比对照高58 75%、63 75%,平均发芽速都比对照提前6d。     

Optimal germination condition by sulfuric acid pretreatment to improve seed germination of Sabina vulgaris Ant.

Understanding the germination traits of plants is important not only for understanding natural regeneration processes but also for developing seedling production techniques for planting. Sabina vulgaris Ant. is a common species used for reforestation in semi-arid areas of the Mu-Us Desert, in Inner Mongolia, China, but its extremely low germination rate, both in situ and in vivo, is a bottleneck for seedling production. Sulfuric acid pretreatment was applied to improve germination, and the germination rate was compared for different soaking time (10, 30, 60, 90, and 120 min), different temperatures (10, 15, 20, 30, and 35°C) and under different lighting conditions (dark and light). Sulfuric acid treatment gave a high germination rate, reaching 60% at 30 days after sowing. However, the non-treated seeds produced no germination. The optimal treatment time in sulfuric acid was 120 min. Germination after sulfuric acid treatment increased at incubation temperatures from 10 to 30°C, but decreased at 35°C. Incubation at 25–30°C gave maximum germination of more than 50%. Light treatment had little effect on germination. Pretreatment with sulfuric acid improved water absorption by the embryo by creating cracks and cavities in the seed coat tissue. These results indicated that S. vulgaris seeds have physical dormancy caused by their hard seed coats, which prevents absorption of water into the embryo. A combination of pretreatment with sulfuric acid and incubation at 25–30°C was most effective in improving the germination of S. vulgaris seeds.     

热水处理对山皂荚种子萌发的影响

分别用30、60、75和95℃的热水及用浓硫酸处理山皂荚种子的结果表明,30℃热水处理2min与5min的种子差异不显著,处理10min的种子与前两组差异显著。60℃热水处理的3组时间间的差异显著,75℃的热水处理的3组时间间的差异显著,95℃处理2min与5min的种子差异显著,处理2min与10min的种子差异显著,处理5rnin与10min的种子差异不显著。用75℃热水处理种子10min对山皂荚的种子萌发最为有利,浓硫酸处理60rain的山皂荚种子较热水处理山皂荚种子吸水性能大。     

优良引进饲料灌木树苜蓿种子的6种催芽试验

通过对新引进的优良饲料灌木树苜蓿进行种子催芽、种子生活力鉴定和种子发芽试验,结果表明：6种催芽方法效果差异显著。其中,砂纸磨擦催芽效果最好,其次是变温处理和浓硫酸催芽,碳酸钠和洗衣粉催芽效果居中,沸水处理催芽效果最差,但所有方法的催芽率均不高,种子最高吸胀率只有58．0％。综合考虑其催芽操作难易程度、催芽效果和使用的安全、经济和可行性以及树苜蓿种子含硬实的特性,试验筛选出了碳酸钠和洗衣粉2种比较合适的树苜蓿种子催芽方法。种子生活力鉴定结果表明：种子活力达75％以上,且试验所用催芽药剂及药剂处理浓度和处理时间对种子活力没有太大影响。种子发芽率为94．5％。     

不同种子处理方法对铁刀木种子萌发的影响

铁刀木是一种多用途树种,广泛分布于东南亚国家和中国的云南、广东、广西和福建等地.种子种皮透水性差,必须经过适当处理提高种皮透性才能萌发.本文对铁刀木种子自然储藏特性与种子萌发方法进行试验,结果表明:铁刀木新鲜种子的发芽率可达95%以上,随着储藏时间的增加,其发芽率逐渐降低,储存3个月后,种子发芽率迅速降低,其发芽率只有75%,储存9个月后种子发芽率只有30%左右.在有光条件下的发芽率和发芽势明显高于不需光条件处理,萌发天敷比不需光条件下的萌发天数缩短了38.6d.采用破伤种皮、用80℃温水浸泡2,0min和80%硫酸浸泡种子15min处理对铁刀木种子萌发均有促进作用,与对照相比,发芽势明显提高,萌发天数明显缩短.特别是80%硫酸浸泡和破伤种皮在缩短萌发天教更为明显,比对照缩短了120d以上.由于破伤种皮比较费时费力,因此,在进行铁刀木种子育苗时,一般不宜采用.采用80%硫酸浸泡种子15min或80℃温水浸种30min,可有效提高种子萌发的整齐度和缩短发芽时间.     

Effects of different treatments on seed germination and breaking seed dormancy of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Prosopis koelziana</Emphasis> and <Emphasis Type="Italic">Prosopis Juliflora</Emphasis>

For improving seed germination of Prosopis koelziana and Prosopis juliflora, different treatments of seeds were conducted, including scarification with sulfuric acid 98% for 10 and 15 min, sandy paper, hot water for 5 and 10 min, potasium nitrate 0.1%, gibberellic acid at 250 mg·L⁻¹ and 500 mg·L⁻¹ and combinational treatment of scarification with gibberellic acid of 250 mg·L⁻¹ and 500 mg·L⁻¹. The results show that scarifications with sandy paper and sulfuric acids 98% were the most effective treatments on breaking seed dormancy and seed germination induction. Scarification with sulfuric acid 98% for 15 min was the best treatment. According to the positive effect of scarification and lack of reaction of seeds against KNO₃ and gibberellic acid, the kind of seed dormancy was determined as exogenous.     

Effect of different seed treatments on dormancy breaking and germination in three species in arid and semi-arid lands

Seeds of many woody plant species have one of several types of dormancy. They do not germinate unless specific environmental signals are in place or events occur. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of scarification treatments on seed dormancy and germination of Acacia nilotica (L.) Willd. ex Del., Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC. and Dodonaea viscosa (L.) Jacq. The following treatments were applied: T1, untreated seed (control); T2, sulphuric acid (97%) for 45 min; T3, boiling water for 5 min. The seeds were cultured on a Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium after sterilization. The responses of seeds to treatments were compared with each other and with the control treatment. Germination was observed daily for a 30-day period. Results indicated positive responses to treatments, while impermeable seed coats may be responsible for low germination rates in intact seeds as seen experimentally in the untreated control. The highest germination was obtained for P. juliflora and D. viscosa acid-scarified seeds (80.8%-90.8%) and for scarified seeds of A. nilotica (50.2%) boiled in water. The germination indices, i.e., final germination percentage (FG), mean daily germination (MDG) and germination rate (GR), were significantly affected by treatments and species (p<0.01).     

Overcoming seed dormancy of mooseer (Allium hirtifolium) through cold stratification, gibberellic acid, and acid scarification

Mooseer(Allium hirtifolium Boiss.) is bulbous perennial herb widely used in pharmaceutical and food industry in Iran.We studied germination of mooseer seeds in two separate experiments.In the first experiment,we evaluated four treatments:sulfuric acid scarification,sandpaper scarification,cold stratification,and gibberellic acid(GA 3) application.In the second experiment,we evaluated combinations of these treatments.All treatments in the first experiment had no effect on seed germination,suggesting that mooseer seeds have physical and physiological dormancy.In the second experiment,the highest germination percentage(86.6%) was observed after five minutes scarification with sulfuric acid(75% v/v),followed by 60 days of cold stratification.Duration of sulfuric acid scarification(5,10,and 20 min) did not affect germination rates,but increasing duration of cold stratification(from 15 to 60 days),increased germination from 28.3% to 86.6%.Our study showed that mooseer seeds have both physical and physiological dormancy.     

紫椴种皮对种子萌发的影响

用98％浓硫酸、10％氢氧化钠和70℃水浴分别处理紫椴的种子,再将处理后的种子进行吸胀和发芽试验的结果表明：紫椴种子吸水后,前期体积和质量均呈整体上升趋势,而浸泡6h以后,均出现下降的情况,说明紫椴种皮对种子的吸水过程基本没有阻碍作用;发芽率测定试验中,紫椴种子均未出现萌发现象,说明试验所用的处理方法不能达到促进紫椴种子萌发的目的。