日光温室厚皮甜瓜果实发育中后期植株生理特性

对日光温室两个厚皮甜瓜品种果实发育中后期植株生理特性及果实发育规律进行了研究。结果表明:果实发育中后期,两个厚皮甜瓜品种叶片叶绿素a、叶绿素b及类胡萝卜素含量随节位升高而不断升高;鲁厚甜1号叶片中可溶性蛋白含量变化趋势呈“V”型;两个厚皮甜瓜品种根系活力均随着果实发育成熟而降低;金玉果实膨大期为授粉后第10~15天,鲁厚甜1号为授粉后第12~19天;两个厚皮甜瓜品种果实可溶性蛋白及游离氨基酸含量均呈先下降后上升的趋势,VC含量呈逐渐上升趋势。     

磷素对甜瓜幼苗期生理指标的影响

以"金妃"甜瓜为试材,采用基质培养方法通过测定甜瓜幼苗期叶片叶绿素和硝态氮含量以及硝酸还原酶、过氧化氢酶、过氧化物酶、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性变化规律,研究了不同磷素用量对甜瓜幼苗期生理指标的影响。结果表明:适宜磷素用量(即0.9~1.2mmol/L)时,可以显著提高甜瓜叶片叶绿素和硝态氮含量,各种保护性酶活性得到有效改善和提高,促进了光合作用,为后期甜瓜产量形成、品质改善奠定了良好的生理基础。而当磷素用量低于0.6mmol/L或高于1.5mmol/L时,各种生理活性物质含量或保护性酶活性均大幅降低。     

不同留蔓数对薄皮甜瓜植物生长发育的影响

以源库理论、植物衰老生理为基础,以黑龙江省当前广泛栽培薄皮甜瓜品种‘泰甜10号’‘永甜3号’‘五龙白’为试材,研究了不同留蔓数对薄皮甜瓜植物生长过程中植株茎粗、节间长、功能叶片及发育进程的影响,为甜瓜栽培提供参考依据。结果表明:不同留蔓数处理对植株生长发育各指标影响不同,对植株茎粗影响不显著;对节间长、最大叶长、最大叶宽形态指标不同时期影响不同,不同留蔓数处理在伸蔓期、授粉期节间长、最大叶长、最大叶宽影响差异不显著,对功能叶维持天数影响差异显著;对薄皮甜瓜生育进程存在一定的影响。随着留蔓数增加,始花期、始收期、果实成熟期延长。     

基于有效积温早春设施厚皮甜瓜果实发育模拟模型

采用相关分析法分别确立了早春设施厚皮甜瓜果实横径、纵径,果实鲜重、干重,果肉厚度,果实含水量与果实发育有效积温的相关关系,建立最优回归方程。结果表明:模型能较好地对甜瓜果实横径、纵径,果实鲜重、干重,果肉厚度和果实含水量进行模拟;模拟值与观测值回归估计标准误差(RMSE)分别为:0.6166 cm、0.5088 cm、5.874 g、8.7748 g、0.1423 cm和0.9529%;模型对早春设施厚皮甜瓜果实横径、纵径,果实鲜重、干重,果肉厚度和果实含水量的模拟值与实测值符合度较好,实用性较强。     

寒地日光温室厚皮甜瓜栽培

１厚皮甜瓜对环境条件的要求１．１温度甜瓜整个生育期中，最适合的温度是２５～３５℃。萌芽期最低温度１５℃，最适３０～３５℃；幼苗生长最适２０～２５℃，由于甜瓜花芽分化在幼苗期就已经开始，因此２０～２５℃也是花芽分化的最适温度；果实发育最适３０～３５℃，...     

山东地区甜瓜白粉病生理小种的鉴定

为明确山东地区甜瓜白粉病病原菌的种类及其生理小种,于2019年夏季在山东省济南、莘县、寿光、寒亭、昌乐、东明县等6个甜瓜主要产区采集了10份白粉病病原菌进行调查,采用国际通用的13个甜瓜白粉病生理小种的鉴别寄主对山东地区甜瓜白粉病病原菌的种类及生理小种进行鉴定。根据鉴别寄主抗感反应的表现及光学显微镜观察,确定了导致山东地区甜瓜白粉病的生理小种均为单囊壳属白粉菌1号生理小种。试验结果不仅初步明确了山东地区甜瓜白粉病病原菌的种类及其生理小种类型,也为甜瓜白粉病的抗病育种奠定了基础。     

甜瓜再生体系研究进展

20世纪70年代以来,以细胞工程和基因工程为主题的现代生物技术应用于作物品种改良,把育种技术从宏观水平提高到微观水平,为品种改良提供了一条全新途径。在甜瓜品种改良过程中,建立高效的甜瓜再生体系是甜瓜细胞工程和基因工程中的关键性基础工作。对甜瓜进行遗传转化研究首先要建立一套甜瓜的离体再生体系。文章综述了甜瓜再生体系建立的过程中,外植体基因型、部位、生理年龄、培养基组成、激素种类和浓度等主要因素对植株再生的影响,分析了目前甜瓜再生体系在建立中存在的问题,并展望了再生体系技术的应用前景,旨在为甜瓜再生体系的研究提供理论依据。     

外源脱落酸对大庆地区盐胁迫下甜瓜幼苗生理指标的影响

通过模拟大庆地区土壤盐胁迫环境,研究了不同浓度脱落酸对该环境下甜瓜幼苗生理指标的影响。结果表明,盐胁迫下甜瓜幼苗叶绿素a、b含量以及a/b值、脯氨酸含量、可溶性糖含量、根系活力降低,丙二醛含量升高;盐胁迫下,加入外源脱落酸可调节甜瓜幼苗的生长,1×10~(-7)mol·L~(-1)和1×10~(-6)mol·L~(-1)脱落酸处理能改善甜瓜各种生理指标,而高浓度外源脱落酸则增加了胁迫伤害程度。说明一定浓度范围的外源脱落酸能提高甜瓜耐盐性,缓解了大庆土壤盐胁迫环境对甜瓜幼苗的伤害。     

烟草育苗大棚休闲期网纹甜瓜栽培模式的研究

为了筛选出适合广东南雄地区烟草育苗大棚闲置期网纹甜瓜最佳栽培方式,以网纹甜瓜美琪为试验材料,设置了海绵、营养钵、穴植、槽植4种不同栽培方式,探讨了对网纹甜瓜农艺性状、叶片的生理性状及果实品质的影响。试验结果表明,槽植栽培下的甜瓜果形、果肉厚度、单果质量、成果率及产量均最优;营养钵栽培的甜瓜品质次之,其次为穴植栽培。而海绵栽培的甜瓜长势最差,品质最坏,产量最低。对试验结果综合分析认为,槽植是最适用于南雄烤烟育苗大棚闲置期甜瓜的栽培方式。     

我国甜瓜白粉病研究进展及生理小种的初步鉴定

介绍了我国甜瓜白粉病研究现状,并对我国甜瓜白粉病的生理小种分布做了整理分析,为下一步的抗白粉病甜瓜的选育提出建议。     

Expression of FBXW7 in diabetic cardiomyopathy

AIM:To investigate the expression of F-box/WD repeat-containing protein 7 (FBXW7) in the myocardium of type 1 diabetic rats and to clarify its role in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy. METHODS:All rats were randomly divided into non-diabetic (ND) group, 4-week diabetes mellitus (DM) model group, 8-week DM mo-del group and 12-week DM model group. The DM model was prepared by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (60 mg/kg). The change of myocardial pathological structure was investigated by HE staining. The FBXW7 expression level in the myocardium was determined by Western blot and immunohistochemistry methods. RESULTS:DM induced cardiomyocyte degeneration and necrosis as shown by cardiac histological analysis. Both Western blot and immunohistochemistry results showed that the expression level of FBXW7 was significantly increased in 4-week, 8-week and 12-week DM groups compared with control group (P<0.01). However, The FBXW7 expression level in 12-week DM group was decreased compared with 4-week and 8-week DM groups. CONCLUSION:With the development of diabetes, the expression of FBXW7 in the myocardium of the rats with diabetic cardiomyopathy shows a tendency to increase first and then decrease, suggesting that it plays some roles in the development of diabetic cardiomyopathy.     

基于光温效应的杨梅生育期模型的建立与验证

 根据杨梅发育对光温的反应过程,利用不同的地点、年份和品种试验资料,建立了以光温效应（Photo-thermal effectiveness,PTE）为尺度参数的杨梅生育期模拟模型,并运用独立的数据对其进行验证。结果表明,模型对杨梅雌花序出现、雌花开放、展叶、坐果、果实成熟等生育期所需天数的模拟值与实测值之间的回归估计标准误差（RMSE）分别为2.51、1.83、2.68、2.70和2.45 d;与以有效积温法（RMSE分别为8.02、7.81、5.46、5.40和11.83 d）和PAR日积分法（RMSE分别为8.28、11.0、8.52、5.56和6.87 d）为尺度的发育模型相比,模拟精度分别提高了8.6%和10.2%。     

层次分析法在园林发展研究中的应用

根据层次分析法基本原理,提出了园林发展综合指数概念并建立了评价模型。该评价模型将园林发展水平分为各历史时期的园林数目、园林类型、园林要素、园林分布4个二级层次,应用该评价模型得出了园林发展曲线图,从而对各个历史时期园林发展水平进行了直观评价。运用此方法研究四川园林发展分期得到的结论,与其它相关综合研究得出的结论一致。此方法适用于小区域的地方园林发展研究。     

西瓜幼苗发育阶段热量需求及模型模拟

通过5次穴盘育苗试验，量化了西瓜幼苗各生育阶段的累积热量单位需求，西瓜幼苗出苗期、子叶展平期、1片真叶期、2片真叶期、3片真叶期、3叶1心期平均所需的累积热量单位分别为2451.02、639.71、2240.85、1916.65、1802.19、670.22℃·h，完成整个苗期所需的累积热量单位为9720.64℃·h；基于累积热量单位驱动，构建了西瓜幼苗发育阶段模拟模型，检测结果表明，模型精度良好。     

The effects of future urban development on habitat fragmentation in the Santa Monica Mountains

A site suitability model of urban development was created for the Santa Monica Mountains in southern California, USA, to project to what degree future development might fragment the natural habitat. The purpose was to help prioritize land acquisition for the Santa Monica Mountains National Recreation Area and examine to what extent projected urban development would affect distinct vegetation classes. The model included both environmental constraints (slope angle), and spatial factors related to urban planning (proximity to roads and existing development, proposed development, and areas zoned for development). It implemented a stochastic component; areas projected to have high development potential in the suitability model were randomly selected for development. Ownership tracts were used as the spatial unit of development in order to give the model spatial realism and not arbitrarily `develop' grid cells. Using different assumptions and parameters, the model projected the pattern of development from 5 to 25 years hence (based on recent development rates in the area). While <25% of the remaining natural landscape is removed under these scenarios, up to 30% of core (interior) habitat area is lost and edge length between natural vegetation and development increases as much as 45%. Measures of landscape shape complexity increased with area developed and number of patches of natural habitat increased four- to nine-fold, depending upon model parameters. This increase in fragmentation occurs because of the existing patterns of land ownership, where private (`developable') land is interspersed with preserved park lands.     

Involvement of bFGF in the lung response to silica in a mouse model

AIM: To investigate the relationship between basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and the development of silicosis in mice. METHODS: MTT test was utilized to examine the effects of bFGF-neutralizing antibody and the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of the mice exposed to silica on lung fibroblast cell growth. RESULTS: BALF from mice treated intrabronchially with silica promoted the growth of lung fibroblasts and anti-bFGF antibody inhibited the effect of BALF dramatically. CONCLUSION: These results indicates that bFGF secretion increases in lung in a mice silicosis model and participates in the development of silicosis.     

温室水果黄瓜叶片扩展及干物质再分配动态模拟模型

以荷兰"碧玉"水果黄瓜为试材,建立叶片扩展与累积生长度日之间的关系模型,研究基于器官发育模型的干物质再分配过程,确定了不同植株叶龄、不同位置的叶片获得干物质量模拟模型,并对所构建的干物质再分配模型进行了验证分析。结果表明:叶龄为41、3和20叶龄器官干物质重模拟值和测量值之间的均方差误差RMSE分别为0.0090、.011和0.107,模型模拟结果与试验观测值具有较好的一致性,模型达到了一定的可靠性和准确性。     

基于混合效应模型的塞罕坝华北落叶松人工林单木去皮胸径生长预测

基于混合效应模型建立华北落叶松人工林单木去皮胸径预测模型,以期更精确估算塞罕坝地区森林碳汇储量,预测森林碳汇潜力。以河北省塞罕坝机械林场的华北落叶松人工林为研究对象,基于2018年在37块20 m×20 m的固定样地中钻取的木芯数据,构建华北落叶松去皮胸径传统经验模型,进一步引入林分密度（D）和相对直径（RH）,建立基于竞争因子的华北落叶松单木去皮胸径混合效应模型。研究结果表明,混合效应模型优于传统经验模型。在混合效应模型中,嵌套两水平的混合效应模型的拟合效果最好,其调整确定系数（R²_adj）、均方根误差（RMSE）、残差平方和（RSS）和平均相对误差（MRE）的值分别为0.990 cm、0.290 cm、13.170 cm、0.019 cm。基于竞争因子的华北落叶松人工林单木去皮胸径混合效应模型,能够有效弥补竞争在传统胸径生长模型中的缺失,提高预测模型的适用性及预测精度,为实现我国林业碳增汇及碳达峰、碳中和的总体发展目标提供理论技术支持。     

改良式“V”形篱架对设施葡萄生长发育的影响

为提高葡萄设施栽培生产能力,根据大庆地区自然环境条件及生产实际情况提出改良式"V"形篱架栽培模式。调查了改良式"V"形篱架设施栽培模式和常规直立篱架栽培的葡萄生长发育的各项指标。结果表明:"V"形篱架栽培模式与直立篱架栽培模式比较,葡萄根系量和根系分布、葡萄枝蔓生长发育情况、葡萄叶面积、叶面积指数和叶绿素含量等均表现出生长优势。     

An agent-based approach to model future residential pressure on a regional landscape

This paper presents a framework to model future residential demand for housing in a polycentric region. The model, called HI-LIFE (Household Interactions through LIFE cycle stages), builds on Agent-Based Modelling (ABM) paradigms. In contrast to traditional equilibrium-based urban economics models that assume a homogenous population of rational actors, ABM focuses on the diversity of heterogeneous household agents and their behaviour in time and in space. The model simulates land-use patterns at the regional scale by integrating qualitative knowledge of agent location preferences with quantitative analysis of urban growth dynamics within a high resolution spatial modelling framework. The model was calibrated for the region of East Anglia in the UK using a semi-quantitative procedure. Simulation of urban dynamics for the future was undertaken for a 25 year period with the assumption of a continuation of baseline behavioural trends. The results demonstrated non-uniform, spatial patterns of urban sprawl with some locations experiencing greater urban development pressure than others. The town of Brundall, in particular, has a large potential demand for residential housing because of its proximity to the principle city, Norwich. As Brundall is also located close to a national park and a river, new housing development in this area would increase the risk of ecological impacts and flood damage. By modelling explicitly agent behaviour and interactions, ABM can simulate the response and adaptation strategies of a population to changing circumstances. This makes ABM especially well suited to the analysis of environmental change and landscape ecology pressures through scenario modelling.