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<正>黄河水土保持绥德治理监督局(黄委绥德水土保持科学试验站)[简称“绥德局(站)”]成立于1952年,前身是陕北水土保持工作推广站,1956年划归黄河水利委员会领导,是以水土流失规律观测、水土保持科研、示范推广为主要任务的公益性事业单位。自设立伊始,即在无定河左岸选取韭园沟、裴家峁沟、桥沟、辛店沟、王茂沟5条代表性小流域作为典型试点,基于治理和非治理对比、大流域和小流域相衔接的布设原则,建立了科学的试验观测体系。 相似文献
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绥德水保站50年科研探索与实践 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
绥德水土保持科学试验站主要承担着黄土丘陵沟壑区第一副区的水土流失规律研究、小流域综合治理示范和水土保持科研成果推广应用等任务。建站 5 0年来取得的水土保持基础资料、研究成果和试验研究方法等 ,已广泛应用于教学、科研、生产和治理等方面 ,产生了巨大的社会效益和经济效益 相似文献
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黄委天水、西峰、绥德水土保持科学试验站(简称"三站")始终坚持"面向水土流失综合治理,服务水土流失综合治理"的建站宗旨,多年来积累了大量观测数据,取得了大批研究成果,培养了一支水土保持专业队伍,为黄土高原水土流失治理、地方经济社会发展、黄河流域生态建设做出了重要贡献。但是随着国家经济社会的发展和改革开放的深入,"三站"正面临着与发展不适应的问题和改革的新机遇。为了在"十三五"期间实现研究示范能力升级提质,"三站"必须"顺应大势,巩固优势,探索改革"。在西峰南小河沟水土保持科技示范园、绥德辛店沟水土保持科技示范园、天水水土保持科技示范园建设升级提质方面进行了探索。 相似文献
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黄丘一区坡面水土流失规律研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
<正> 为了探索黄丘—区坡面水土流失规律,寻求水土流失与其影响因素之间的关系,为合理利用水沙资源、水土保持规划与措施设计提供科学依据,我们进行了该项试验研究。 一、径流场布设概况 1954~1958年,我们在绥德辛店沟布设径流小区,由9个逐步发展到66个;1958~1961年,径流小区缩减为8个;1962~1964年,在韭园沟内王茂庄大咀峁布设自然地貌全坡长径 相似文献
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《中国水土保持》2021,(6)
自20世纪50年代后期起,天水市罗玉沟流域经历了"试验研究+农村基点示范推广""试验研究+流域治理示范辐射""试验研究+大示范区建设"三个阶段的治理示范。在探索流域水土流失成因及其发生、发展规律的同时,通过实施水土保持措施,流域水土流失得到治理,生态环境显著改善,农村特色产业得到大力发展,人民群众生活水平明显提升。研究表明,截至2016年,罗玉沟流域水土流失治理度由1983年的21%提高到73.11%,提高了52.11百分点;植被覆盖度由1983年的10.3%提高到67.41%,提高了57.11百分点;土壤侵蚀模数由1983年的7 500 t/km~2减少到4 170 t/km~2,下降了44.4%;与坡地相比,新修梯田、5~10年梯田、20年以上梯田降水利用率分别提高5.5、14.0、16.5百分点。 相似文献
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建设水土保持科技示范园可推进水土保持宣传教育和生态环境建设,为增强水土流失忧患意识,展示水土保持治理成果,提升水土保持科技水平,促进生态文明建设发挥积极作用。水土保持科技示范园集生态景观建设与水土保持产业引领、水土保持新技术、新理念试验示范、水土保持科学研究、实体成果展示、科普教育、区域水土流失动态监测为一体,将生态产业型水土保持模式引入水土流失治理中,使产业结构更加合理,增强了群众水土保持意识,为水土保持科研工作提供了可靠、稳定的试验与示范场所。 相似文献
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圆叶决明的栽培技术及其防蚀培肥的功效 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
经多年种植结果表明,圆叶决明具有覆盖率高、固氮率高、适应性和抗逆性强等特点,是山地茶果园水土流失地套种的先锋作物,本文阐述了圆叶决明的特征特性、栽培技术以及防治水土流失、培肥地力的作用。 相似文献
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Asulam reaching the soil either directly as spray drift or as rain washings from bracken fronds would, due to its rapid mobility in soil, be expected to leach down the soil profile into the drainage water and thereby contaminate streams and water catchments. The mobility of asulam in soil is influenced by pH, where undissociated asulam will leach less rapidly than the associated form (asulam pKa 4·82). This is particularly relevant in the case of bracken as it can grow satisfactorily over a wide range of pH values (3·6 – 7·6). Adsorption coefficients expressed as Kd values [(μg asulam/g soil)/(μg asulam/ml solution)] were 2·54, 1·94 and 0·96 at pH readings of 4·0, 4·3 and 4·9 respectively. Another factor involved, the breakdown of asulam, was shown to be temperature dependent, 30·95, 7·65 and 2·50% remaining after 28 days at 5, 18 and 25°C respectively, thus underlining the influence of geographical regions and climatic conditions on asulam behaviour. 相似文献
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R.J. Hance 《Soil biology & biochemistry》1974,6(1):39-42
Soil was subjected to a variety of treatments so as to provide a series of materials with different organic residues. These preparations were inoculated with an aqueous extract of untreated soil, then incubated at 20°C with atrazine or linuron and rates of herbicide degradation were followed. The rates were lowest when virtually all the organic matter had been removed by peroxidation. The most rapid break-down occurred in samples which had been successively extracted with ethanol + toluene, hot water, dilute acid and dilute alkali. It is suggested that the organic residue left after this sequence contained hydrolysed materials that were easily metabolized and hence could support the most active microbial population. There was no relationship between extent of adsorption and decomposition rate. 相似文献
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选用8个不同基因型的甘蔗,即粤糖86-368、新台糖16号、农林8号、拔地拉、割手密和从甘蔗杂交后代F1中选出的3株种茎的无性系(单株)。在甘蔗伸长初期,测定其 2节间至 8节间的长度、茎径,同时取 3、 5、 8节间,测定其可溶性蛋白质、细胞壁离子型结合蛋白质、细胞壁共价型结合蛋白质及可溶性总糖的含量。结果表明:从 2节间到 8节间,不同基因型的节间长度的变化极为相似,除割手密外,其它基因型甘蔗的节间长度都在 6节达到最长;但其茎径在 6节间以后仍保持稍微的增粗。从 3节间到 5、 8节间,所有基因型的三类蛋白质含量都逐渐下降,而可溶性总糖含量都逐渐提高。其中,三个节间较粗的基因型即拔地拉、粤糖86—368和无性系3号,其三类蛋白质含量相对较高,而可溶性总糖含量相对较低。 相似文献
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党的十七届六中全会提出了要推动文化创意产业成为国民经济的支柱性产业。图书馆拥有丰富的文献资源和信息服务能力,在为文化创意产业项目提供信息服务的同时,应提升自身形象,谋求更大发展。 相似文献
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The properties, hydrological features, and genesis of the solods occurring in the Baraba Lowland and Priobskoe Plateau were
studied. Methods for determining the hydromorphism degree are considered; the features of the similarity and differences between
the solods and other soils with textural profile differentiation are shown. Depending on the reasons for the waterlogging,
the solods should be divided into two groups: the solods of groundwater waterlogging and the solods of surface waterlogging.
Criteria for their discrimination are suggested: the ratio between the contents of the clay fraction in the parent rock (or
in the B2 horizon) and that in the A2 horizon, the changes in the pH values along the soil profiles, and the content of nonsilicate
iron compounds. The solods studied are shown to be formed under the conditions of a stagnant-percolative regime and gleying.
This circumstance is an obligatory and sufficient reason for the formation of the light-colored acid eluvial (A2) horizons.
According to some basic properties of the soil solid phase (the acidity, the total chemical composition, and the clay pattern
in the eluvial part), the gleyed solods are close or identical to the gleyed soddy-podzolic and gleyed chernozem-like podzolic
soils. At the same time, the solods differ from the gleyed chernozem-like podzolic soils by their thicker A1 (or Ap) horizon
and their higher humus content (5–7%). 相似文献
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对1999年以来黄河上中游地区生态建设的成绩给予了充分肯定。结合当前水土保持工作面临的各种内外部条件,认为落实科学发展观,推进水土保持工作,最根本的目标就是实现水土资源的可持续利用和生态环境的可持续维护,以此支撑经济社会的可持续发展。围绕“两个可持续”,指出当前和今后一段时间内黄河上中游地区水土保持应进一步抓好以下几项重点工作:加强水土流失区的坡改梯建设;实施好黄土高原淤地坝工程;重视制定生态修复的配套政策,确保其顺利推进;强化水土保持监督执法;注重水土保持社会参与和激励机制、项目管理的监督制约机制以及水土保持生态补偿机制的创新和完善;做好“十一五”规划、水土流失监测评价等水土保持基础工作。 相似文献