如何看待当前动物疫病防控工作

21世纪以来,动物疫病发生发展出现了根本的变化,具体表现在:病毒性疫病是影响养殖业生产发展的关键,细菌性疫病和寄生虫病逐渐增加,病原微生物毒株变异加快,混合感染、隐性感染、继发感染十分普遍,当发生病毒性疫病和呼吸道疫病时,疫情的危害更加复杂化,给养殖产业造成的损失超过任何其他原发病的损失,     

影响动物疫病防控的主要因素与对策

近年来,随着动物疫病情况的逐渐严重化,其病谱变化也愈发复杂,不仅疫病由细菌性转变为病毒性,而且病种感染也由单一性转变为并发、继发性。动物疫病不仅会对畜牧业发展造成不良影响,还会直接威胁到人类健康、自然资源的安全,从而阻碍社会环境及国民经济的发展。因而,这就意味着对动物疫病的防控工作不容忽视且势在必行。本文通过对影响动物疫病防控因素的了解和分析,就防控对策提出了几点针对性意见。     

对我市动物疫病防控策略的思考

<正>近年来,从动物疫病发生发展态势来看,不难发现:病毒性疫病是影响养殖业生产发展的关键,细菌性疫病和寄生虫病在增加,病原微生物毒株变异加快,混合感染、隐性感染、继发感染十分普遍,特别是发生病毒性疫病和呼吸道     

精液传播病导致母猪繁殖力下降的探讨

诸多疫病造成母猪繁殖力下降,其中由精液传播的各种疫病造成母猪繁殖力下降的危害程度最大,占其它因素的60％～70％。由于这些病毒性、细菌性传染病在种猪一般表现为隐性感染,不表现明显临床症状,往往被忽略。而这些疫病的传播途径是经公母猪配种,经精液     

鸭病毒性肝炎与鸭霍乱混合感染的诊治

鸭病毒性肝炎是由鸭肝炎病毒引起雏鸭的一种高度致死性传染病,以肝炎为主要特征,是危害养鸭业最严重的传染病之一.鸭霍乱是鸭的常见病,由多杀性巴氏杆菌引起感染并导致死亡的细菌性疫病.各种应激因素特别是环境卫生和饲养管理条件不良均可造成病毒性疾病和其他细菌性疾病的并发或继发.     

动物疫病监测在疫病防控中的作用

动物疫情防控对社会稳定和人类健康有着重要的作用,一方面,较多动物,比如鸡、鸭、牛、猪、羊等是畜牧养殖的重要对象,如果发生疫情会造成养殖效益会明显的下降,另一方面,动物疫病会通过食物链向人体传递,造成人体感染,进而危害社会稳定和安全,所以动物疫病要做有效控制。疫病监测是疫病防控的重要环节,可有效提高防控效果,促进社会和谐稳定发展。本文对动物疫病监测的具体作用等进行了分析,旨在明确其价值,并指导实践工作。     

甘肃省猪禽疫病流行态势分析与防治对策

本文就甘肃省的猪禽疫病流行态势进行了分析,自二十世纪90年代以来,甘肃省猪禽疫病种类不断增多,猪鸡传染病分别由二十世纪80年代末报道的24种和17种增加至目前的30余种和26种.禽病呈现以多型性IB、Mc等为主的呼吸道疫病、以大肠杆菌病、沙门氏菌病等为主的细菌性疫病、以非典型性ND等为主的病毒性疫病之间的混合或继发感染为主的流行态势;猪病呈现以繁殖障碍类疫病、呼吸道疫病、腹泻类疫病及以PMWS广泛流行为主的流行态势.疫病发生呈现温和型、非典型性、混合感染、继发感染、多病原、多病因所致复合性疾病为主的流行特点,应采取以转变防治观念,实施生物安全措施,加强检疫监测,制定科学防疫程序,规范操作技术,合理用药等为主的综合防治对策.     

依法依规提升动物防疫水平

在新形势下，要进一步保证动物疫病防控质量，一个十分重要的方面就是要善于运用法治方式解决矛盾和问题。 一、深刻认识疫病防控工作的新特点 1.深刻认识疫病防控工作的复杂性。由于自然环境的变化和饲养方式的转变，重大动物疫病发病特点和发生发展规律有了新变化。主要表现是发生的空间分布由地区性演变为全球性，发生的时间分布由季节性高发演变为全年性散发，发生的程度由区域性片状发生演变为随机性、突发性散发，发生的病种也由单一病种向多病种并发、混合感染转变，给防控工作带来了挑战。     

海南州动物疫病防治工作现状及对策建议

海南藏族自治州是一个以牧为主,牧农结合,以藏族为主体的多民族地区,总面积4.6万平方公里,是青海省重要的畜牧业基地之—。近年来,以禽流感、牛出败、羊痘、猪肺疫等为主的各类动物疫病不断发生,对畜牧业生产的危害、对人的生命健康安全、对社会的影响越来越大。特别是病毒性疫病的发生、禽流感的流行给动物疫病防制敲响了警钟。如何强化动物疫病防治工作显得十分重要。下面,根据调查情况,就如何做好动物疫病防治工作,提出自己的粗浅意见和建议,以供参考。1现状和意义历年来,各级党委、政府十分重视动物疫病防治工作,建立了各级动物疫病预防…     

养殖场重大动物疫病综合防控策略

动物疫病对养殖业的危害最为严重,它不仅可能造成大批畜禽死亡和畜产品损失,而且影响人们的生产生活和对外贸易。某些人畜共患传染病还可能给人类健康带来潜在威胁。动物疫病的防治已成了当前畜牧业能否健康发展的关键,这不仅关系到养殖业发展、农民增收,而且关系到人民健康安全和社会稳定。有效防控重大动物疫病,走健康的养殖新思路,动物防疫要树立以人为本的防疫观念,生产者承担第一责任,逐步推行以养殖企业和个人为主体的强制免疫模式,将动物疫病防控以疫苗免疫为主向综合防控的策略转变。     

浅析当前畜禽调运工作中存在的问题及对策

1 当前畜禽调运中存在的问题 1．1 调运户动物防疫意识不强 一是个别调运户未申领《动物防疫合格证》，没有动物防疫知识和相关法律法规知识．是违规调运的根源．     

Anaesthesia and analgesia of the donkey and the mule

The number of donkeys and mules throughout the world is stable, and awareness of their use and concern for welfare, pain recognition and treatment are receiving increasing veterinary interest. Therefore, accurate information about anaesthesia and analgesia in donkeys and mules is important to ever more equine practitioners. Since donkeys are physiologically and pharmacologically different from horses, knowledge on species specific aspects of anaesthesia and analgesia are very important. Mules combine elements from both donkey and horse backgrounds, leading to great diversity in size, temperament and body type. Physiologically, they seem to resemble horses more than donkeys. This review highlights the current knowledge on various anaesthetic and analgesic approaches in donkeys and mules. There is still much information that is not available about donkeys; in many circumstances, the clinician must use available equine information to treat the patient, while monitoring carefully to observe for differences in response to therapy compared to the horse.     

貉,蓝狐,银狐的胃及十二指肠内嗜银细胞形态分布的研究

本文应用Ｆｏｒｔａｎａ—Ｍａｓｓｏｎ嗜银颗粒染色法研究了貉、蓝狐、银狐的胃及十二指肠内嗜银细胞的形态分布。结果表明：三种动物胃幽门腺中，嗜根细胞数量最多，呈锥状，嗜银颗粒较粗，密度大、染成深黑色。在胃底及胃贲门腺区、嗜银细胞数量少。在十二指肠部嗜银细胞呈蝌蚪形，嗜银颗粒细，呈黑褐色，密度较小。嗜银细胞的分布密度在三种动物中具有一定的差别。     

Comparative ventilation and gas exchange in the horse and the cow

Ventilation and gas exchange were studied in healthy, adult horses and cows, two large species with different lung structures and different breathing patterns. The oxygen uptake (VO2), carbon dioxide output (VCO2), respiratory rate (fR), minute ventilation (VE), alveolar ventilation (VA), alveolar oxygen pressure (PAO2), and VE/VO2 ratio were higher in the cows, while the tidal volume (VT) and physiological dead space (VD) were larger in the horses. The arterial blood gases, alveolar-arterial oxygen pressure difference (PAO2-PaO2) and VD/VT ratio did not differ between the two species. The higher VO2 in the cows was most likely due to the energy cost of standing, and possibly to a higher cost of digestion. The higher VE, VA, VE/VO2 and PAO2 were most likely secondary to the increased VO2 and the slightly higher respiratory exchange ratio (R) in the cows. In contrast to hypotheses based on allometric equations, the PAO2 of horses and cows did not appear to differ from that of smaller mammals. The VD was larger than that predicted from allometric equations, and even though the VD/VT ratio (0.50) was lower than the previously reported values for horses and cows, it was significantly larger than the predicted weight-independent value of 0.36. Re-examination of the data used to derive the equation for VD raised questions as to the validity of this equation, and it is suggested that caution be exercised in the use of allometric equations for prediction.     

The relation between the birth process and the condition of the newborn piglet and calf

Fluxes of the anti-parasitic agents, [³H]-ivermectin, [³H]-selamectin and [³H]-moxidectin were studied across non-transfected and transfected canine kidney epithelial monolayers, MDCK II/wt, MDCK II-MDR1, MDCK II-MRP1 and MDCK II-MRP2. All four lines surprisingly expressed significant levels of P-glycoprotein (P-gp), coded for by MDR1, but MDCK II-MDR1 expressed increased levels compared to the other lines. MDCK II-MRP1 and MDCK II-MRP2 expressed increased levels of MRP1 and MRP2 respectively. Fluxes of [³H]-ivermectin, [³H]-selamectin, [³H]-moxidectin, and the P-gp substrates, rhodamine-123 and DiOC₂, were polarized in the basolateral-to-apical (secretory) direction across the four lines. Selected MRP inhibitors used in relevant pharmacological concentrations did not block the secretory fluxes of either [³H]-ivermectin or [³H]-selamectin in either the non-transfected or MRP-transfected lines. In contrast, secretory fluxes of ivermectin and selamectin were inhibited in all four lines by the P-gp inhibitor, verapamil. These data confirm that ivermectin and selamectin are substrates for P-gp in four additional cell lines, but suggest that they are not significant substrates for MRP1 or MRP2 where there is background expression of P-gp. Since this pattern of expression also pertains on the blood-brain barrier, it is unlikely that MRP1 and MRP2 play a significant role in ivermectin and selamectin blood: brain distribution in vivo.     

东西方蜜蜂越冬期过冷却点的测试及过冷却点与越冬性能的关系

针对越冬期东西方蜜蜂的过冷却点进行了测试并对其与越冬性能的关系进行了分析。结果发现:在越冬期,东西方蜜蜂存在过冷却点且二者差异显著,东方蜜蜂过冷却点明显低于西方蜜蜂,蜜蜂的过冷却点与其越冬性能密切相关。