Polycystic kidney disease in goldfish (Cusrassius auratus)

Abstract Thirty percent of 60 goldfish in an outside pond showed progressive development of swollen abdomens and floatation problems. The occasional fish was found dead. Necropsy of an affected fish showed an abdomen almost filled with a large bilobed ventral mass comprised of masses of cysts filled with clear fluid. On histopathological examination, this mass appeared to be composed of large cystic spaces lined by a single flattened epithelium. Occasional remnants of normal kidney tissue were seen withen the mass.     

Polycystic kidney disease in goldfish (Cusrassius auratus)

Thirty percent of 60 goldfish in an outside pond showed progressive development of swollen abdomens and floatation problems. The occasional fish was found dead.

Necropsy of an affected fish showed an abdomen almost filled with a large bilobed ventral mass comprised of masses of cysts filled with clear fluid. On histopathological examination, this mass appeared to be composed of large cystic spaces lined by a single flattened epithelium. Occasional remnants of normal kidney tissue were seen withen the mass.     

Ureteral obstruction and hydronephrosis in a cat associated with retroperitoneal infarction

A 9-month-old cat was presented for routine vaccination before rehoming. Physical examination revealed a palpable mass in the cranial abdomen. The right kidney was severely enlarged (6cmx4cm) on plain abdominal radiographs, and failed to opacify normally during intravenous urography. Ultrasonography demonstrated a hydronephrotic right kidney. During exploratory coeliotomy, a retroperitoneal mass was identified, adherent to the caudal edge of the right kidney, enveloping the ureter and blocking urine outflow. The ureter caudal to the mass was of normal size. Right ureteronephrectomy was performed; the mass was subsequently freed from adhesions to the caudal vena cava and sublumbar muscles and excised. Histopathological examination revealed the mass to be composed of both normal and necrotic adipose tissue and fibrous tissue surrounding the ureter and a thrombosed, recanalised vessel. This appearance was consistent with an area of infarction and fibrosis with obstruction of the ureter. The cat was clinically well 3 months postoperatively.     

Extensive caudal vena cava thrombosis secondary to unilateral renal tubular cell carcinoma in a dog

A nine-year-old German shorthaired pointer cross was admitted because of partial anorexia, exercise intolerance and haematuria. On clinical examination, subcutaneous oedema, purpura and ascites were detected along with a palpable mass in the right craniodorsal abdomen. Laboratory findings included regenerative anaemia, leucocytosis, thrombocytopenia, azotaemia, increased blood serum alkaline phosphatase and proteinuria. Radiographic and ultrasonographic examinations revealed a large neoplasm involving the right kidney. Computed tomography further showed that the neoplastic tissue had spread into the lymph nodes, the wall of the caudal vena cava, the liver and lungs. The right renal vein, caudal vena cava and iliac veins appeared enlarged and secondarily thrombosed. A diagnosis was made of renal tubular cell carcinoma with secondary venous thrombosis. Gross postmortem examination confirmed the imaging findings, while light and electron microscopic examination revealed that the neoplasm was a solid carcinoma originating from the proximal convoluted renal tubules.     

OSSEOUS METAPLASIA IN THE RENAL PELVIS OF A DOG WITH HYDRONEPHROSIS

A 3-year-old male Sheltie dog was presented with abdominal distension, diarrhea, and vomiting. Hematologic and blood chemistry studies revealed a mild anemia and a few leukocytes in the urine. Radiographic examination was made, and a large mass with calcified trabeculae was present in the ventral right cranial quadrant of the abdomen. Exploratory celiotomy was performed, and a mass identified as the right kidney was removed. The excised kidney was cystic and multiloculated, and contained areas of bone and cartilage. This mass weighed 1120 g and was in excess of ten percent of the dog's body weight. Transitional epithelium can stimulate osseous metaplasia. The presence of both tissues in a biopsy specimen might indicate urinary tract disease.     

Cardiac hemangiosarcoma in a dog

The case of a 11 year-old mix breed dog is being described. It initially presented for watery diarrhea and inappetence. During the diagnostic workup, the dog developed a sustained ventricular tachycardia. Echocardiography showed a mass extending from the wall of the right ventricle which filled up the ventricle almost completely. Histopathologic examination of the mass after euthanasia of the dog revealed a hemangiosarcoma.     

Malignant nonteratoid ocular medulloepithelioma in a llama (Llama glama).

A 6-year-old female llama presented with buphthalmos of its right eye owing to the presence of an intraocular mass. The affected globe was enucleated and submitted for microscopic examination. The intraocular mass was diagnosed as malignant medulloepithelioma. Within the following months, the llama developed soft tissue masses, which completely filled the right orbital cavity and expanded the cranial portion of the right mandibular bone, and enlarged mandibular lymph nodes. Euthanasia was elected 30 months after the initial diagnosis. The carcass was submitted for postmortem examination, which revealed the presence of medulloepithelioma metastases within the right orbit, mandible, mandibular lymph nodes, lungs, liver, and mesenteric and sublumbar lymph nodes. The primary intraocular tumor and its metastases were composed of neoplastic undifferentiated neuroepithelial cells, which formed tubules, Flexner-Wintersteiner and Homer Wright rosettes, and rare solid sheets. Electron microscopy showed that tumor cells were connected by desmosome-like junctions and contained rare intracytoplasmic basal bodies. Neoplastic cells were positive for vimentin, nestin, microtubule-associated protein 1B, S-100 protein, and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP). To the best of the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of a malignant nonteratoid ocular medulloepithelioma with distant metastases in a llama and of the ultrastructural and extended immunohistochemical characterization of a nonteratoid medulloepithelioma in this species.     

Nasal adenocarcinoma with diffuse metastases involving the orbit,cerebrum, and multiple cranial nerves in a horse

A 9-year-old Trakehner gelding was examined because of right exophthalmus. Clinical findings included a lack of menace response in the right eye, reduced direct and consensual right pupillary light reflexes, ventrolateral strabismus of the right eye, mild right-sided facial asymmetry, a head tilt to the left, and increased extensor tone in the right limbs. Findings were suggestive of a multifocal lesion affecting the right forebrain; right optic, oculomotor, and facial nerves; and left vestibulocochlear nerve. Ultrasonographic examination of the right eye revealed a vascular retrobulbar mass. Computed tomographic imaging revealed a mass that filled the nasal cavity and invaded the forebrain. Necropsy revealed an undifferentiated nasal adenocarcinoma affecting the orbit with metastases to the right parotid gland, cranial cervical lymph nodes, fascial planes of the neck, and lungs. No evidence of direct involvement of the right facial and left vestibulocochlear nerves was found, suggesting the possibility of paraneoplastic peripheral neuropathy.     

Renal agenesis in an alpaca cria

A 4-day-old alpaca cria presented for inappetence that responded to symptomatic treatment. The cria re-presented with acute signs of inappetence and azotaemia. The azotaemia persisted despite intravenous fluid therapy. There was no right kidney on ultrasound and there appeared to be perirenal oedema around the left kidney. A diagnosis of right renal agenesis and acute renal failure of the left kidney was made. The cria failed to improve and was euthanased. Necropsy examination confirmed right renal agenesis and agenesis of the right ureter and right renal artery. A section of left kidney submitted for histological examination revealed diffuse, acute, marked tubular degeneration and nephrosis. The cause of the renal failure in the left kidney was not determined.     

Segmental aplasia of the uterine horn with ipsilateral renal agenesis in a cat

A nine-month-old domestic short haired cat was admitted with the history of acute vomiting, depression and shivering. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed minimum enlargement of the right uterine horn filled with anechoic fluid. On excretory urography, functionally and anatomically normal, enlarged left kidney was found, but right kidney was absent. It was preliminary diagnosed as hydrometra with right renal agenesis. Aiming at the correction of hydrometra, we performed ovariohysterectomy. During spaying, we found a missing segment of distal part of the right uterine horn and absence of ipsilateral kidney and ureter. Compressed uterine structure and segmental aplasia of right uterine horn were found in histopathological investigation. Taken together, it was diagnosed as a segmental aplasia of uterine horn with ipsilateral renal agenesis.     

Myelogenous Leukemia in a Cat, Complicated by an Acute Otitis Media

A six year old male cat with a history of three days' anorexia was presented for examination. He carried his head down on the left side, circled to the left, showed incoordination and displayed marked nystagmus. The right pupil was dilated; the left, constricted. Both pupils exhibited poor photomotor reflexes. Examination of the left external ear canal revealed inflammatory debris and elicited a severe pain reaction. Blood studies throughout the 8-day period showed a rising white blood cell count, with predominantly abnormal primitive granulocytic series cells in the peripheral blood and crowding out the normal bone marrow cells. Anaemia was also shown to be developing. The cat was given supportive and symptomatic therapy while in the clinic. Eight days following admission he died.

Post mortem examination showed that the left tympanic bulla was softened and filled with purulent material, and that the 8th nerve was inflamed and hemorrhagic. The spleen was enlarged and the bone marrow showed termendous cellularity. Microscopic examination showed that the spleen, kidney cortex and portal areas of the liver had been infiltrated by leucocytes with abnormal nuclei; as had the circulatory systems of the liver, spleen, bone marrow and brain.

These findings led to a diagnosis of myelogenous leukemia and an acute otitis media.

     

Late Abscess Formation Caused by Silk Suture Following Hysterectomy in a Female Dog

A 5‐year‐old female cross‐breed dog was presented for a one‐month history of lethargy, poor appetite and weight loss. A hysterectomy had been performed 2 years ago. Abdominal palpation revealed a mid‐abdominal mass and haematological analysis showed leucocytosis with left shift. On abdominal radiographs, a 9 cm in diameter soft tissue opacity mass ventral to the colon and caudal to the left kidney was observed. The abdominal ultrasonography revealed a mass well circumscribed, with a hyperechoic capsule and hypoechoic center with echoic debris. The presumptive diagnosis was an abscess due to foreign body granuloma. Laparotomy was performed and a mass close to the left ovary was found. Adhesions and residues of the suture material were observed close to the right ovary and the uterine body stump. The mass, both ovaries and adhesions were removed. On cut section of the mass two cavities were observed. The small one contained three embedded silk suture residues. Histopathological examination confirmed the diagnosis of a chronic abscess caused by silk suture.     

Mastocytoma in a cow: a case report.

Mastocytoma was diagnosed in a four year old Holstein cow. The enlarging mass was clinically determined to be metastatic to the right superficial cervical lymph node. Cytological examination of both sites revealed mast cell neoplasia. Histopathological examination confirmed the presence of this tumor in these same sites as well as in liver, kidney and adrenal. Ultrastructurally, the mass contained round cells with electron dense granules in the cytoplasm.     

Micronema deletrix as the cause of a granulomatous nephritis in a horse

Infections with Micronema deletrix are described sporadically in humans and horses. This case report describes the infection with Micronema deletrix in a horse. The animal was sent to the clinic because of recurrent colic. On rectal palpation a mass was detected in the area of the right kidney and the horse was destroyed on its owners request. At slaughter a greatly enlarged right kidney interspersed with numerous white nodules was found. Histological examination revealed a granulomatous nephritis with numerous sections of nematodes. Based on their morphology and size, they were identified as Micronema.     

Surgical management of an ethmoid cyst in a horse.

A 2-year old Thoroughbred filly was examined for a 1-month history of persistent nasal discharge. Contrast radiography revealed a circumscribed mass within the right maxillary sinus which extended to the frontal sinus and ethmoid labyrinth. A discrete attachment of the mass to the ethmoid labyrinth was identified at surgery. Surgical removal of the mass eliminated the nasal discharge. On gross examination, the external structure of the mass was similar to a turbinate with a thin bony wall covered by a smooth mucosal membrane. The internal structure of the lesion had a lining membrane with multiple 1-3 cm in diameter fluid filled cystic structures. The histological appearance of the multiloculated structure was similar to the ethmoid labyrinth. This, combined with the single site of attachment to the ethmoid labyrinth, suggested that the cyst was ethmoidal in origin.     

Lameness caused by plate‐like osteoma cutis in a Thoroughbred colt

This report describes a case of osteoma cutis diagnosed by physical examination, surgery and histopathological examination. A 2‐year‐old Thoroughbred colt with hindlimb lameness was brought to our facility. Physical examination showed a well‐circumscribed, large plate‐like mass covered with normal haired skin in the right thigh region. Ultrasonography revealed a subcutaneous linear mass. After surgical removal, histopathological examination showed thin mature bone surrounded by fibrocollagenous tissues. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first report of spontaneous idiopathic osteoma cutis in horses.     

鹿巴氏杆菌病的诊断

某市野生动物园一只年仅3个月的长颈鹿突然发病死亡。死前没有明显的临床症状,呼吸困难,有背脖反应。剖检发现主要以败血症变化为主。肺部淤血、水肿,出现虾肉样变,支气管内充满泡沫样液体;肝脏呈暗褐色,肾脏质脆,结构十分清晰;胃黏膜肿胀充血,也有点状出血点,肠黏膜有出血点;脾脏不肿大。心冠脂肪大面积点状出血,左右心室静脉有出血点。作者采用病料涂片、染色镜检、细菌分离培养、生化试验、动物试验和药敏试验等方法对该病病原进行了研究。通过一系列的实验室检验,结合本病的临床症状和病理变化,鉴定该病原为多杀性巴氏杆菌。     

Adamantinoma in a cat

SUMMARY An 18-months-old neutered male cat was presented for veterinary examination because of a rapidly enlarging mass in the region of the right upper canine tooth. Radiological examination showed displacement of this tooth and destruction of the right maxilla. Post mortem and histopathologic examination confirmed that the mass was a tumour, an adamantinoma.     

A Case of Bronchioloalveolar Carcinoma in a Mare

A case of pulmonary carcinoma in a 23-year-old Quarterhorse mare is described. On physical examination, depression, poor body condition, tachypnea, bilateral serosanguineous nasal discharge and a wide area of reduced breath sounds in association with the right hemithorax were detected. Laboratory evaluation showed leukocytosis with neutrophilia and lymphopenia, hyperfibrinogenemia, hyperprotidemia, hypoalbuminemia, increased beta 2 and gamma globulin fractions, hypoxemia, and normocapnia. Radiography and thoracic ultrasonography revealed a large rounded mass extending from the 9th to the 14th right intercostal space, where neither bronchial nor vascular structures were detectable. Endoscopy showed a large amount of serosanguineous fluid within the tracheal lumen and a mass of reddish soft tissue completely obliterating the right caudal lobar bronchus. Histopathology of the endobronchial mass and of the transthoracic ultrasound-guided biopsy samples was consistent with a primary pulmonary epithelial tumor. Due to worsening of the clinical condition, the mare was euthanized. Postmortem examination confirmed the presence of a large 30-cm mass located in the right caudal pulmonary lobe, characterized by epithelial cells arranged in papillary projections and alveolar structures, findings consistent with bronchioloalveolar carcinoma.