蚯蚓粪基质及肥料添加量对茄子穴盘育苗影响的试验研究

将蚯蚓粪和蛭石按2∶1(v/v)的比例组成复合基质，然后添加不同数量的CO(NH₂)₂和KNO₃，用于茄子穴盘育苗。结果表明：通过添加适量的肥料，可以明显提高复合基质的EC值，改善茄子的出苗率、幼苗叶片叶绿素含量和净光合速率，显著促进幼苗植株的生长发育。根据壮苗指数，筛选出最佳肥料添加量是CO(NH₂)₂ 0.2 kg/m³和KNO_{3 0.4 kg/m³。研究结果为利用蚯蚓粪替代草炭培育茄子健壮穴盘苗提供了科学施肥依据。}     

γ-聚谷氨酸对番茄穴盘育苗基质矿质养分供应及幼苗生长发育的影响

【目的】研究聚谷氨酸不同加入量对基质理化性状和蔬菜生长的影响,可以为其在番茄穴盘育苗中的合理应用提供依据。【方法】以草炭、 蛭石、 珍珠岩(3 ∶1 ∶1,v/v)混合物料为育苗基质, 50孔塑料穴盘为育苗容器进行盆栽试验。基质适宜添加量试验: 播种前在基质中混入-聚谷氨酸 (-PGA) 0、 1、 3、 5、 10 kg/m3,调查了添加-聚谷氨酸后番茄穴盘育苗基质理化、 生物学性状及幼苗生长发育参数的动态变化。 顶部灌施适宜用量试验: 在播种后16 d,将-聚谷氨酸0、 1、 3、 5、 10 g/L -PGA溶入水溶性肥料溶液(20-20-20)进行顶部灌施,肥料氮(N)浓度为200 mg/L, 施用量为1 L/tray,测定了播种后36 d番茄幼苗生长发育参数。【结果】 1)基质添加-聚谷氨酸显著提高了基质初始持水孔隙度、 最大持水量、 铵态氮、 硝态氮、 速效磷、 速效钾、 交换性镁含量和EC值,降低了通气孔隙度和pH值,增强了番茄穴盘苗生长发育过程中基质速效氮、 速效磷、 速效钾和交换性镁供应能力,显著提高了番茄穴盘苗生长发育后期基质过氧化氢酶活性和中性磷酸酶活性; 这些有效作用随-PGA添加量的增加而显著增加,不同添加量处理间差异显著。2)基质添加-聚谷氨酸,随着添加量增加,番茄苗叶片叶绿素含量呈逐步增加趋势,根系活力峰值则出现在添加量3 kg/m3水平; 3)-聚谷氨酸无论基质添加或顶部灌施,对番茄穴盘苗茎叶都表现出促进生长的作用,对根系发育却表现出一定的抑制作用; 4)基质添加-聚谷氨酸对番茄穴盘苗生长发育的促进作用还表现出明显的延迟效应,在幼苗生长发育后期的效果显著优于前期。【结论】番茄穴盘育苗施用-聚谷氨酸能增强基质水分、 养分供应能力,促进番茄穴盘苗后期生长发育。     

蚯蚓粪复合基质对番茄穴盘育苗影响的试验研究

以蚯蚓消解半腐熟后的牛粪和蘑菇渣所得的蚯蚓粪为主要原料,与蛭石按照不同比例混合作为番茄的育苗基质,研究蚯蚓粪复合基质对番茄幼苗生长发育的影响,以利于蔬菜穴盘育苗新型基质的开发,为蔬菜工厂化育苗提供性能可靠、廉价、取材广泛的育苗基质。结果表明:各个处理基质容重在0.43～0.79 g/cm3之间,总孔隙度在65.32%～72.95%之间,大小孔隙比在1∶1.53～1∶2.02之间,pH值在5.45～8.75之间,EC值在0.91～1.38 mS/cm之间,除了pH值以外其他理化特性都在较适宜的范围;相较对照,蚯蚓粪复合基质有较高的pH值,但没有对番茄最终出苗情况产生影响;蚯蚓粪复合基质促进了番茄幼苗生长发育,其作用效果与基质混合比例有关,蚯蚓粪∶蛭石=2∶1(V∶V)育苗效果较佳,与对照相比,其株高、茎粗、地下部干重、全株干重、壮苗指数分别显著增加23.12%、11.76%、57.14%、38.24%、60.34%(P0.05)。     

育苗基质不同施肥量对茄果类蔬菜幼苗生长的影响

运用正交试验设计 ,在以草炭、蛭石、珍珠岩为原料的育苗基层中 ,加入不同浓度的氮、磷、钾肥料 ,对番茄、茄子和甜椒幼苗生长的影响进行了研究。结果表明 ,不同肥料品种与施肥量对茄果类蔬菜幼苗生长的影响具有显著差异 ,特别是增施磷肥可使幼苗株高和干物重增加 ,其相关性达到显著或极显著水平 ,是培育优质壮苗的重要营养元素 ;同时 ,要注意氮、磷、钾肥料配合使用 ,以提高壮苗水平。供试育苗基质的最佳N、P2 O5、K2 O施肥量分别为 :番茄 0 .2kg/m3、0 .4kg/m3、0 .2kg/m3,茄子 0 .8kg/m3、0 .4kg/m3、0 .2kg/m3,甜椒 0 .4kg/m3、0 .4kg/m3、0 .4kg/m3。     

有机无机肥配施对滨海脱盐土栽培菊芋及其养分吸收的影响

以蚯蚓粪和无机复合肥为材料,设置CK(不施肥)、T1(无机复合肥300kg/hm²)、T2(无机复合肥600kg/hm²)、T3(蚯蚓粪7.5 t/hm²)、T4(蚯蚓粪7.5 t/hm²、无机复合肥300 kg/hm²)、T5(蚯蚓粪7.5 t/hm²、无机复合肥600 kg/hm²)、T6(蚯蚓粪15 t/hm²)、T7(蚯蚓粪15 t/hm²、无机复合肥300 kg/hm²)、T8(蚯蚓粪15 t/hm²、无机复合肥600 kg/hm²)共计9个处理,研究了蚯蚓粪和无机复合肥配施下滨海脱盐土土壤性质的变化,栽培菊芋生长特性及养分吸收规律,以确立滨海脱盐土菊芋高效栽培最适有机无机肥配施方案。结果表明：随菊芋生育进程推进,土壤可溶性盐含量下降,T6处理幼苗期和开花期的可溶性盐含量均最低,分别为0.28和0.29 g/kg,较...     

添加葡萄糖对红壤农田肥料氮转化及其酸化的影响

采用室内培养实验,初步研究了外加葡萄糖对红壤肥料氮素转化及其酸化作用的影响,其中葡萄糖添加量充足,为8 g·kg–1干土,氮肥以(NH4)2SO4和KNO3为例.结果表明,在对照、单施(NH4)2SO4或KNO3处理中,土壤中氮转化过程主要以有机氮净矿化和铵态氮净硝化为主,这主要是由于红壤可利用碳源较少.而外加足够葡萄...     

蚯蚓粪与土壤复配比例对基质微生物性状及韭菜生长和品质的影响

【目的】蚯蚓粪是蚯蚓消化有机废弃物产生的均匀颗粒,能够提升土壤肥力,改良土壤结构并促进作物生长。本文初探了蚯蚓粪与土壤的不同配比对基质微生物性状及韭菜生长和品质的影响,为蚯蚓粪的开发利用提供依据。 【方法】2015年4—6月在中国农业大学温室内进行盆栽试验,按蚯蚓粪、土壤质量比 (w/w) 设置4个处理,依次为:0/100% (纯土壤不添加蚯蚓粪,CK);20%/80% (T1);60%/40% (T2);100%/0 (T3)。韭菜收获后,测定了基质养分含量、微生物群落变化、韭菜生物量、可溶性蛋白总量、可溶性糖总量和叶绿素含量。 【结果】1) 随着蚯蚓粪添加比例的增加,基质中的全氮、速效钾和有机质的含量均显著提高;2)蚯蚓粪能显著促进韭菜根系生长,并改善韭菜品质。与对照相比,T1、T2和T3处理中韭菜新根比分别提高5.75%、6.39% 和22.23%;韭菜可溶性蛋白总量提升了1.84～5.97倍,可溶性糖总量提升了1.49～1.60倍 (P < 0.05);3)蚯蚓粪能显著提高基质中的细菌和真菌多样性,并显著增加细菌116、118、130、226、297片段 (P < 0.05),但减少了真菌71、91、153、351片段 (P < 0.05)。 【结论】蚯蚓粪改善了基质的微生物群落结构,提高细菌和真菌的多样性,增加养分有效性,进而促进韭菜生长并改善韭菜品质。蚯蚓粪直接用作基质的效果最好,但从经济角度考虑,蚯蚓粪与土壤按质量百分比20%/80%即可基本达到满意的效果。     

高温处理与添加物料对蚓粪基质培育辣椒壮苗的影响

蚓粪是蚯蚓处理有机固体废弃物的产物,具备替代泥炭作为蔬菜育苗基质材料的优良性质。蚓粪高温处理（120℃）后加入蛭石、 尿素等物料复配成育苗基质,通过温室育苗和室内分析的手段,分析蚓粪中活性有机物和GA3、 IAA的含量变化以及蚓粪基质培育辣椒幼苗的系统发育特征。结果表明, 蚓粪高温处理过程增加了蚓粪中GA3含量,使活性有机物裂解成具有相同母核类极性更大的水溶性衍生物。无论是否高温处理,蚓粪育苗基质都有利于辣椒幼苗茎粗、 株高、 展宽、 叶片数、 根长、 根表面积、 根体积、 根尖数、 鲜（干）重和壮苗指数的提高,但会导致辣椒幼苗叶片叶绿素含量的减小。蚓粪添加蛭石和高温处理后育苗能够增大辣椒幼苗根直径。高温处理蚓粪中添加蛭石（蚓粪∶蛭石=4∶1,V∶V）和尿素（0.50 kg/m3）有利于提高辣椒幼苗成苗率,增加鲜干物质累积,促进茎叶和根系的系统发育,增大壮苗指数。可见,蚓粪高温处理后与蛭石按4∶1体积比均匀混合后用于辣椒育苗,最能提升辣椒幼苗的各项指标,形成壮苗。     

外加可溶性碳源对华北典型农田土壤N2O、CO2排放的影响

以华北平原典型农田土壤为对象,运用静态培养系统研究方法,设置室内培养试验,研究添加不同浓度葡萄糖对土壤N2O、CO2排放的影响.结果表明:碳氮配施的外源添加方式明显促进N2O和CO2排放,其排放通量均高于对照组和只添加氮源的处理.在配施碳源葡萄糖浓度为0.5 g/kg时N2O排放通量最高(NH4+组2 500 μg/(kg·d),单位以N计,下同,NO3-组1 500 μg/(kg·d)),4.0 g/kg时N2O排放通量最低(NH4+组500 μg/(kg·d),NO3-组800 μg/(kg·d));葡萄糖浓度为2.0 g/kg时CO2排放通量最高(NH+组500mg/(kg· d)),0.5 g/kg时CO2排放通量最低(NH+组100 mg/(kg,d)).从培养开始到结束,只添加氮源的土壤NH+含量变化不明显,NO3-含量增至29.21 mg/kg(NH4+组)和62.25 mg/kg(NO3-组);而配施葡萄糖的土壤NH+含量降为不足1 mg/kg(NH4+组),NO3-含量明显减少.N2O累积排放通量与葡萄糖浓度呈负相关(NH4+组),CO2累积排放通量与葡萄糖浓度呈正相关.分析结果表明,外加可溶性碳源明显减少土壤中NH4+和NO3-含量,并且促进土壤N2O、CO2排放,其排放通量大小与C/N比有关.     

功能性肥料对制种玉米田物理性质和微生物数量的影响及最佳施肥量的研究

在甘肃河西内陆灌区的灌漠土上,采用田间试验方法,研究了功能性肥料对制种玉米田物理性质、微生物数量的影响及最佳施肥量。结果表明：影响玉米产量的因素由大到小依次为：CO(NH2)2>(NH4)2HPO4>抗重茬剂和聚乙烯醇。因素间最佳组合是：A3B2C1D1(即抗重茬剂30 kg/hm2,CO(NH2)2 600 kg/hm2,(NH4)2HPO4 350 kg/hm2,聚乙烯醇30 kg/hm2)。功能性肥料施用量与制种玉米田总孔隙度、毛管孔隙度、非毛管孔隙度、团聚体、微生物数量呈线性正相关关系,与制种玉米田体积质量呈线性负相关关系。随着功能性肥料施用量梯度的增加,玉米边际产量、边际利润在递减,功能性肥料施用量在1 350 kg/hm2的基础上,再增加337.50 kg/hm2,收益出现负值。经回归统计分析,功能性肥料施用量与玉米产量间的肥料效应回归方程是：y = 3 782.61 + 1.650 5x - 0.000 378 7 x2,功能性肥料经济效益最佳施肥量(x0)为1 350.01 kg/hm2,玉米理论产量(y)为6 700.99 kg/hm2,计算结果与最佳施用量试验处理5相吻合。     

低氮和干旱胁迫对富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的影响

【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。     

Biodiversity and ecogeography of wild Lactuca spp. in some European countries

Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions.     

Pasture Vegetation Elemental Analysis by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing.     

Properties of anaerobically digested and composted municipal solid waste assessed by linking soil mesofauna dynamics and nitrogen modelling

We have studied the effect of anaerobically digested (ADMSW) and composted municipal solid waste (CMSW) on mineralization and foodweb dynamics to verify the hypothesis that ADMSW would immobilize N right after addition to soil in contrast to addition with CMSW. Another hypothesis was that the mesofauna (enchytraeids and microarthropods) would stimulate N release from the decomposer community. We measured excretion of -N and urea-N from the mesofauna and hypothesized that enchytraeids would release urea. ADMSW and CMSW were amended to pots with sandy loam and barley. The pots were divided into treatments with or without mesofauna. Mesofauna, plant N and biomass, soil N and ergosterol (fungal biomass) were measured over a 113-day period of four equidistant samplings. Soil respiration, N mineralization and N release by the mesofauna were modelled from concurrent studies. ADMSW- and CMSW-treated soils initially (<20 days) immobilized N. The amendments did not increase plant growth substantially, and this was probably due to N-limitation in the early stages of plant growth. Enchytraeid abundance was about three times higher in ADMSW- than CMSW-treated soils, indicating that ADMSW contained more labile compounds, bacteria, and microfauna. The mesofauna did not affect N-content, but the cumulated -N excreted by the mesofauna was estimated to be substantial and about one-fifth of total plant N in ADMSW. An explanation for this discrepancy might be that in the absence of the mesofauna, other members of the detrivore and microbivore community performed the mesofauna’s function. Neither enchytraeids nor microarthropods excreted urea.     

Faculty positions: Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences

正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,     

Faculty positions: Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences

正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,     

Assessing the effectiveness of conservation measures: Resolving the “wicked” problem of the Steller sea lion

“Wicked” problems are those that are complex and that change when solutions are applied. Many conflicts in conservation fall into this category. The study approached the problem of how to constrain the apparent wickedness of a problem in the conservation management of a species by using simple empirical indicators to carry out iterative assessment of the risk to a population and to document how this risk evolves in relation to the addition of new data and the implementation of management actions. Effects of high levels of uncertainty within data and also concerning population structure were examined through stochastic simulation and by exploration of scenarios. Historical trends in the example used, the Steller sea lion, showed rapid declines in abundance in some regions during the 1980s. The current total population is 130,000-150,000 Steller sea lions through Alaska and British Columbia and this number has been stable since about 1990 in spite of regional differences in population dynamics. Regional differences in the sequence of changes in the number of pups and non-pups, suggested that an internal re-distribution of juveniles could have happened between 1980 and 1990. Current productivity also appears close to the long-term mean. Stochastic population projection using various scenarios showed that, based upon this history, the risk of extinction for the population has declined and is below reasonable thresholds for considering the population to be endangered. The trends in risk suggest that management actions taken since 1990 have probably been effective. Consequently, the conservation management objectives for the Steller sea lion are probably being met. The approach provides a mechanism, based upon experience and scenario analysis, for exploring future policy options and may help to constrain the debate amongst stakeholders about the cost-benefit trade-offs associated with different options.     

Soil-profile distribution of primary and secondary plant-available nutrients under conventional and no tillage

Nutrient distributions under no tillage (NT) compared with conventional disk-and-bed tillage (CT) management in the warm, humid region of the southeastern USA need to be assessed so that future placement, quantity, and type of fertilizers can be altered, if necessary, to efficiently match crop demands. We determined soil-profile distributions of pH, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu to a depth of 0.9 m at the end of 8.5 years of continuous CT and NT management on a Weswood silty clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Fluventic Ustochrept) in southcentral Texas. Most dramatic changes occurred within the 0–0.05 m depth, where soil under NT had lower pH, Fe, and Cu than under CT, but greater P, K, Zn, and Mn. Greater P and K under NT than under CT also occurred below the till-zone (0.15–0.3 m). At a depth of 0–0.3 m, soil under NT contained greater amounts of extractable P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than under CT. Nitrogen fertilization had little effect on nutrient distributions, except resulting in greater extractable K at 0–0.05 m and greater nitrate at 0–0.15 m. Few changes in soil-profile distributions were observed for extractable S, Ca, Mg, and Na. Long-term continuous use of NT on this fine-textured, high-fertility (except for N) soil had no apparent adverse effects on nutrient distributions relative to CT, but enhanced conservation and availability of P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu near the soil surface where crop roots proliferate.     

Faculty positions:Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences

正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,     

Macroinvertebrates in North American tallgrass prairie soils: effects of fire, mowing, and fertilization on density and biomass

The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils.