茄种脱粒清洗新方法

茄子种子的常规人工切掏清洗方法，费工费时，劳动量大。尤其是在种茄量大，天气不稳定时，极不利于抢收抢晒。人工切掏，种子色泽较差，影响外观质量，而且掏种时不易掏净，抛撒损失也较多。现介绍一种用洗衣机脱粒的新方法。其优点是：一是加工人员不再用手指直接抠挖种子，大大降低了劳动强度，省工省时，工效是手掏方法的８－１０倍。此法不影响种子正常发芽性状，不浪费种子，回收率高。二是种子表面干净，色正，光泽度明显提高，商品外观性状优良。其具体脱洗程序如下：１．机电准备。功能正常的洗衣机１台，电源插板及漂洗用水。加水…     

不同比例粗饲料混合对育成牛消化率和氮代谢的影响

目前提高玉米秸营养价值的方法主要有氨化、碱化、微生物处理等,这些处理方法在一定程度上能改善玉米秸的营养价值,也能提高秸秆饲料的采食量和消化率,但这些方法费时、费工、成本高。同时,单纯依靠加工处理来提高秸秆营养价值的程度是有限的,还必须注重日粮的组合和饲喂的方法     

叶面喷施防微灵对原蚕生长发育及蚕种质量的影响

全龄叶面消毒技术预防原蚕微粒子病费工费时,成本高。微粒子病爆发期运用效果显著,可以以最快的速度将微粒子的感染率控制到可接受的范围,减少损失。但在低感染率的情况下运用全龄叶面消毒技术,事倍功半,费工费时。采用常规的防微技术又不能保证将微粒子的感染率控制到可接受的范围。采用叶面喷施防微灵则可弥补常规防微技术的不足,有效的控制原蚕微粒子病的发病率。     

早熟苦荬菜与晚熟苦荬菜性状比较

对河南郑州引进的晚熟品种大叶苦荬菜（Luctuca indica）和当地的早熟品种龙牧苦荬菜（L.indica cv.Longmu）,进行了发芽情况、物候期、茎叶、生长速度、抗病性、产量以及营养成分测定比较试验。结果表明,两品种的种子发芽速度、茎叶性状、单株鲜质量与鲜草产量存在显著或极显著差异。大叶苦荬菜生育期较长,在齐齐哈尔地区未能成熟,3年平均单株鲜质量526.39 g,鲜草产量达36 196.99 kg/hm2;龙牧苦荬菜3年平均单株鲜质量413.38 g,鲜草产量44 978.58 kg/hm2。     

施氮量对籽粒苋光合特性及产量的影响

为确定籽粒苋（Amaranthus hypochondriacus）的合理施肥量,我们研究了旱作条件下不同施氮水平对“旱雷神”籽粒苋光合特性、鲜草产量和种子产量及其构成因子的影响。结果表明,与对照相比,不同施氮处理下的籽粒苋光合性能、种子产量、鲜草产量及产量构成指标均有不同程度提高。在N3处理下,施氮量为150 kg·hm^-2时,籽粒苋叶片净光合速率、蒸腾速率达到最大,较对照分别提高83.24%和73.93%。种子产量和鲜草产量均达到最大值,且显著高于其它施氮处理（P<0.05）,较对照分别提高63.63%和83.10%。施氮量为150 kg·hm^-2水平时,“旱雷神”籽粒苋光合特性、种子产量及鲜草产量有明显提高,为最佳氮肥施用量。     

鸡内金剥离机设计

鸡内金剥离机设计魏益民北京华都肉鸡联营公司（１０２２１１）肉鸡屠宰加工中，内脏（如心、肝、胗等）的分离、清洗和再加工，费工、费时。在大中型生产线上，这些工作通常由机器来完成。本文简略地介绍鸡内金剥离机的结构和设计要点，供有关同行参考。鸡内金为鸡胗内脏...     

茄种脱粒清洗新法

茄子种子的常规人工切掏清洗方法，费工费时劳动量大。尤其是在种茄量大，天气不稳定时，极不利于抢收抢晒。人工切掏，种了色泽常较差，比如易有发灰，暗淡的现象，影响外观质量，而且掏种时，不易掏净，抛撒损失也较多。     

杂交狼尾草普通青贮技术

杂交狼尾草是美洲狼尾草和象草杂交产生的杂种,其后代不结实生产上通常用杂交一代种子繁殖或无性繁殖。该品种是一种热带型牧草,在长江中下游种植,一般产鲜草15万千克/公顷,且鲜草粗蛋白质含量高,氨基酸含量比较平衡是喂养禽畜和鱼类的优质饲料。株型紧凑,高约300厘米,根系发达,分蘖11.2个,最多达15~20个,成穗茎蘖4~5个茎直立、圆形;主茎叶片20多片披针形,长60~70厘米,单株粒重75.49克,种子千粒重7.0克籽实灰色,米质粳性,可食用,更是优质精料。     

浸酸脱粒生产散卵原种试验

原种的制种型式,一直都采用框制种。它虽便于淘汰不良卵圈及有毒母蛾所产的卵,但浸酸挖补费工、费时,净种折扣率低、成本高,且蚕卵个体间开差大,质量也不够理想。为了进一步提高原种质量,降低生产成本,提高经济效益,我省开始改革原种制种型式,1987年中秋期,将省原种场生     

西藏山南地区微肥对苜蓿种子产量影响的研究

在分析西藏山南地区乃东县种子基地微量元素有效成分含量的基础上,初步研究了7种微量元素对苜蓿种子产量的效应。结果表明:苜蓿开花期喷施不同种类的微肥,硫酸锰处理的种子产量为353.3 kg/hm2,与对照组差异显著(P<0.05);千粒重以硫酸锰、硼肥、硫酸亚铁处理组最高,与对照组差异达极显著水平(P<0.01);同时硫酸锰处理组的种子长度、两侧宽、背腹宽在各处理之间相对较高。以不同浓度的钼酸铵进行喷施时,随喷施浓度的提高,苜蓿种子产量有提高的趋势。分析不同微肥处理组种子产量与鲜草产量的相关性,结果均不显著(P>0.05),但不同钼酸铵浓度处理条件下的种子产量与鲜草产量呈极显著负相关(P<0.05),相关系数为-0.958。     

Pocket technique or pocket technique combined with modified orbital rim anchorage for the replacement of a prolapsed gland of the third eyelid in dogs: 353 dogs

The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the results obtained in 353 dogs (420 eyes) using two different surgical techniques for correction of a prolapsed gland of the third eyelid: the Morgan's pocket technique and a technique combining Morgan's approach with a slightly modified periosteal anchoring technique of Stanley and Kaswan. The pocket technique was used in 234 eyes and the combined technique in 186 eyes. Successful repositioning was obtained in 95% of all cases, with recurrence occurring in 5%. The recurrence rate in large breed dogs such as the English Bulldog and Boxer was lower with the combined technique than with the pocket technique.     

Measurement of Femoral Torsion in Dogs Using a Biplanar Method

The authors defined the concept of femoral torsion using three axes and two planes. Two techniques were used to measure the femoral anteversion angle on 30 femurs of 15 adult mixed breed dogs. The conventional fluoroscopic technique was compared to the right angle triangle technique. The mean angle for each technique was 30.80 and 31.31 degrees, respectively. The right angle triangle technique, using conventional radiographs, appeared as reliable, accurate, and reproducible as the fluoroscopic method and is recommended for clinical use.     

Detection of bluetongue virus RNA by in situ hybridization: comparison with virus isolation and antigen detection.

An in situ nucleic acid hybridization (ISH) technique was developed to detect bluetongue virus (BTV) RNA in cell culture. The sensitivity of the ISH technique was compared with virus isolation (VI) and antigen detection, using an indirect fluorescent-antibody (IFA) or an enzyme immunocytoassay (EICA) technique, for detection of 5 BTV serotypes indigenous to the United States. The VI was the most sensitive technique, detecting BTV early after infection of the cells. The IFA and EICA were of similar sensitivity; BTV antigen could be detected shortly after demonstration of virus by isolation. The sensitivity of ISH for detection of BTV-17 was equivalent to that of antigen detection. The ISH was not as sensitive as VI or antigen detection when assaying for the other BTV serotypes.     

Development and evaluation of flow through technique for diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis in sheep

A novel in vitro flow through technique was developed and evaluated for immunodiagnosis of cystic echinococcosis in sheep using hydatid specific non-cross reactive 8-kDa protein. The 8-kDa protein was prepared from hydatid cyst fluid by DEAE-Sepharose fast flow anion exchange chromatography. In this flow through technique, the 8-kDa antigen was coated on the nitrocellulose membrane of flow through device. Protein A colloidal gold was used as detector. The evaluation of the technique was performed by comparing 150 known positive hydatid serum and known negative serum collected from sheep. The test was shown to be high sensitivity and specificity that were closely correlated with those of EITB. Furthermore the immunofiltration-based assay is rapid (2 min) and easy to perform with no requirement of special skill, reagent and instrumentation. This suggests the flow through technique is an acceptance alternative to be used in clinical laboratories lacking specialized equipments as well as large scale screening of cystic echinococcosis both in the field with animal and human populations.     

Sex determination of monomorphic birds by fibreoptic endoscopy

Fibreoptic endoscopy was performed in 1056 monomorphic birds of 144 different species belonging to 15 Orders. The purpose was to establish their sex by direct inspection of the gonads. The results suggest that although the technique involves surgical intervention it is generally more practical and accurate than chromosome analysis of lymphocytes or analysis of faecal steroids. Surgical anaesthesia is recommended on practical and humane grounds but this and the technique itself can be hazardous in old and fat birds, where a mortality rate of as high as 2 per cent was encountered. Cloacal examination of as high as 2 per cent was encountered. Cloacal examination is a more practical technique for sex determination in penguins.     

A tension band technique for stabilisation of sacroiliac separations in cats

A tension band technique was used in conjunction with a transarticular pin to stabilise 24 sacroiliac separations in 19 cats. The authors suggest that this technique is simpler and safer than the transarticular screw technique, and as effective.     

兔豆状囊尾蚴的压片技术及染色方法研究

为了详细观察豆状囊尾蚴头节的形态结构,通过屠宰检验或病兔剖检采集的豆状囊尾蚴的囊泡,制作压片后用不同的染色方法进行了比较.结果表明,制作豆状囊尾蚴头节压片的关键是载玻片要洁净、干燥,从囊泡中取出的头节应完整无损,并尽量除去黏附在头节上的囊液.将带有头节的结节放在载玻片的中部,再在其上放一载玻片,两手在载玻片的两端均匀用力挤压,待结节全部展开即可.为了观察头节的正面结构,在压制玻片前,应用手术刀片除去原始颈节与体节部分.通过常用的几种单染色和复染色法对压片进行染色,证明单染色更有利于详细的观察头节的结构,而且几种单染色之间有互补染色效果.     

Large Experimental Fistula of the Right Dorsal Colon in Horses

Studies in horses with experimental gastrointestinal fistulas may lead to rapid advancements in equine nutrition, as well as prevention and treatment of diseases such as colic and laminitis. The aim of this study was to devise a technique and a cannula to create a large fistula in the right dorsal colon (RDC). A total of 13 horses with normal gastrointestinal tract were used. After the administration of sedatives and local anesthetics, a segment of the right 16th rib was removed, a circular defect was created in the muscular wall, and the RDC was sutured to the muscular wall. The subcutaneous tissue and skin were closed over the attached RDC in eight horses (closed technique), or removed to expose the serosa of the colon sutured to the abdominal wall in five horses (open technique). A full thickness circular incision was made 2 to 6 weeks later to create a fistula. A cannula (diameter, 5 cm) made of natural rubber or silicon was inserted in the fistula. The open surgical technique was easier to perform and resulted in fewer complications. The cannula made of silicon resulted in less pruritus. One horse had a large colon torsion around the colopexy before fistula creation. One of the 12 fistulated horses had a large colon displacement 43 days after cannula insertion. These observations suggest that pexis of the RDC may predispose the horse to large colon displacement or volvulus. The open technique for the colopexy and the cannula made of silicon can be used for creation of a RDC fistula.     

RADIOGRAPHY OF THE THORACO-ABDOMINAL CAVITY OF THE OSTRICH (Struthio Camelus)

A standard radiographic procedure was developed for the thoraco-abdominal cavity of female nonbreeding ostriches. Positioning, collimation, centering and a technique chart were defined to give reproducible and consistently good quality radiographs. Radiographs were obtained from one adult ostrich cadaver, two adult female ostriches as well as two growing ostriches at various stages. A 6-frame technique was established for lateral views taking the topographic tissue distribution into consideration and using easily palpable landmarks as centering points. Standing true right lateral radiographs are recommended for standard procedures. For dorsoventral exposures a 3-frame technique in the recumbent ostrich was found to be optimal. Birds should be fasted if possible. A technique chart for lateral exposures is provided.