辽宁西部低山丘陵区农林复合经营技术的研究

为探索辽宁西部半干旱地区低山、缓丘良种地貌类型农林复合经营的优化模式及经营管理技术，进行了树木与草本、果树与农作物复合经营试验，结果表明，在低山区林草复合经营可明显提高土壤耕作层的有机质和氮素含量，在缓丘区枣农复合经营为理想模式。     

关于德州地区农林复合经营问题

本文探讨了农林复合经营的意义,分析了德州平原农区林业发展的历史和现状,认为在以生产粮、棉为主的平原农区发展林业,实行农林复合经营是必然趋势;目前已经营造起来的综合防护林体系,是典型的农林复合经营形式。笔者还认为农林复合经营将是地少人多的平原农区农林生产发展的主要方向。     

黑龙江省西部平原缓丘农区杨树病害种类及主要病害防治

本文记载了黑龙江省西部平原缓丘农区杨树病害种类 2 1种 ,其中 :苗木病害 6种、枝干病害 8种、叶部病害 6种、根部病害 1种。并提出了几种重要病害的综合防治措施     

黑龙江省西部平原缓丘农区杨树害虫种类及主要害虫综合防治

本文调查记载了黑龙江省西部平原缓丘农区杨树害虫 2 6个科 94种 ,其中枝干部害虫 2 0种 ,叶部害虫 6 8种 ,地下害虫 6种 ,并对几种危害严重的害虫提出了综合防治措施     

黑龙江省西部平原缓丘农区降雨量与水土流失的关系

通过定点定位观测及面上调查与分析 ,阐明了影响黑龙江省西部平原缓丘农区水土流失的主要因子是降雨量、土壤含水率、土壤容重及地表径流量 ,并给出了各因子之间的定量指标 ,为进一步加强和完善生态工程建设提供依据。     

“平原缓丘农区农林业综合配套技术推广”等3个项目通过验收

由国家林业局下达,黑龙江省林业技术推广站和黑龙江省森林与环境科学研究院承担的林业技术推广项目“平原缓丘农区农林业综合配套技术推广”、“柳树良种329柳区试”、“109柳良种推广”等3个项目于2008年4月4日在哈尔滨通过验收。     

大搞农林间作,实现农林可持续发展

农林间作可充分利用自然资源,发挥经济、社会、生态三大效益,是实现平原农区农林可持续发展的最佳模式;因地制宜,大搞农林间作,实现平原农区农林可持续发展。     

森工林区农林复合经营分析

对黑龙江省森工林区农林复合经营前景进行了分析,提出农林复合经营的方式和适应类型。     

试论辽宁西部低山缓丘区农林复合经营的分类

通过对辽宁西部低山缓丘区农林复合经营类型的调查,对辽宁西部低山丘区农林复合经营类型进行分类,初步分为１个系统,３个类型组,２５个类型,并对主要类型进行了描述和效益分析。     

平原农区农林复合经营技术

１　平原农区农林复合经营的形式平原农区的农林复合经营主要有：农田林网（带）、农林（果）间作两种形式。这两种形式的生产目的、林木和农作物的培植和管理措施都存在着一定的差异。　１．１　农田林网（带）农田林网是指在一个相当广阔的地域内,为保护农作物而有计划地把多条主、副林带按照一定的结构和网络系统配置在易遭受自然灾害的耕地上的土地利用系统,是农林复合经营系统在宏观范围上的具体应用。农田林网和农田基本建设紧密结合,充分利用田边、路边和沟、渠边的隙地植树造林,既不多占耕地,又能改善生态环境,护农增产,增加…     

西双版纳现有混农林系统的主要模式

本文在对西双版纳现有混农林系统进行广泛调查的基础上,根据国际混农林研究委员会(ICRAF)P.K.R.Nair的分类方法,将其进行了分类和评价。结果表明,该地区现存混农林系统的模式极为丰富,并以经济植物为主体的模式占较大优势。这些模式,有的已经发挥出较好的生态、经济和社会效益,有的仍处于实验阶段,有的则对合理利用当地自然资源造成不良的影响。提出了必须合理开发利用当地自然资源,积极创立和引进以粮食作物为主体的混农林系统模式的见解。     

The importance of agroforestry education and training

Sustainable agriculture should involve the successful management of resources for agriculture to satisfy changing human needs, while maintaining or enhancing the quality of the environment and conserving natural resources. The rapid depletion of forest resources and agricultural sustainability — two major global concerns — could be impacted significantly through agroforestry practices. Widespread application of agroforestry concepts and techniques offers great potential for helping to alleviate critical shortages of fuelwood and contributing to sustainable farming systems. There is a vital need to broaden the knowledge base of the subject of agroforestry in order to provide a more substantive basis for effective teaching and training programs. In a typical university organization, it is fairly easy to see how interdisciplinary research teams can be brought together to work on agroforestry projects. But how do we structure the education and training programs? The purpose of this conference is to address these issues and to guide the further evolution and development of agroforestry.     

Increasing Tree Cover in Degrading Landscapes: ‘Integration’ and ‘Intensification’ of Smallholder Forest Culture in the Alutilla Valley,Matiranga, Bangladesh

Research was conducted in Alutilla Valley in eastern Bangladesh to identify the nature of existing agroforestry systems and to identify potential agroforestry models that could ameliorate currently degrading forest resources Data were collected through farmer participatory research and a structured quarterly survey in two villages. Qualitative and supplementary quantitative analysis methods were used to assess the financial potential of agroforestry systems. Various patterns of agroforestry exist in the study site, but all have two common principles, namely ‘integration with agriculture’ and ‘multi-functionality’. Two agroforestry models suitable for adoption by farmers have been identified. Multi-strata agroforestry, based on a fruit and timber tree canopy with vegetables and tuber species in the understorey, can be practiced in the shifting cultivation fields near settlements. Fruit and timber tree-based conservation agroforestry is well suited to manage large-scale biologically depleted landscapes. Both systems yield early financial returns, facilitating the change from shifting cultivation to multi-strata agroforestry or fruit and tree-based conservation agroforestry.     

四川盆地丘陵区坡地农林复合系统内部结构和系统综合效能的研究

针对四川盆地丘陵区农林生产特点和坡地农林复合系统特征,对其内部结构进行综合研究。分析了林带对农作物的正,负效应,依据林带间散射辐射分布规律、农地水土流失特征和农作物产量分布格局等方面与林带间距离的相互关系,提出了坡地林带间距离应不小于３倍林带平均高,才能保证农作物不至于减产;同时,对建成的坡地农林复合系统模式进行综合效能分析,表明,与农地系统对比,坡地农林复合系统提高了土地生产力、能量转化率、营养     

黑龙江省西部农林复合经营类型、模式及其效益分析

针对我省西部农林复合经营情况 ,通过开展定点试验研究和面上调查 ,总结出该区农林复合经营的类型和主要模式。通过具体实例对农林复合经营的综合效益进行分析 ,并提出该区具有地域特色和潜在发展前途的几种模式     

黑龙江省西部平原缓丘农区复合农林业综合配套技术研究与示范

通过 5年的攻关研究 ,建立了音河和兴久 2个模式区 ,提出了复合农林业持续稳定高效经营技术 ,复合农林业综合配套技术、水土保持林配置技术和护堤护岸林营造技术 ,并利用GIS对甘南县复合农林业系统进行了分类和分区。     

Resource development for professional education and training in agroforestry

The development of agroforestry education and training is hampered by a shortage of information on agroforestry practices and systems and by institutional constraints which limit effective transfer of existing knowledge. Generation of knowledge through research and the effective sharing of information on agroforestry are critical to the building of a solid resource base for agroforestry education. Networks of individuals and institutions can accelerate the development of resources for agroforestry education. Primary activities of an agroforestry network would include the development and dissemination of training materials on agroforestry, curriculum development and training of teaching staff. Critical considerations for the successful establishment and operation of a network include: (1) focusing the network on a problem and identifying sufficient interest, (2) personnel requirements such as an institution with a strong commitment, and (3) other resource requirements such as funds for network meetings, publications and research.     

Technology impact evaluation in agroforestry projects

To identify appropriate methods for evaluating the impact of new agroforestry technologies, ICRAF in 1988–89 contacted 166 projects worldwide about their activities in agroforestry technology monitoring and evaluation. Of the 108 which responded, 45% were involved in some type of impact evaluation. This review revealed common difficulties in selecting impact indicators and methods of evaluation. Emphasis to date has been on evaluating numbers of trees planted and area under agroforestry, rather than socioeconomic impacts. Defining agroforestry adoption and distinguishing intermediate and final impacts were problematic. Impact studies were often difficult to interpret or compare, limiting their value for the rest of the agroforestry community. An analytical framework for planning impact evaluation in agroforestry projects is proposed, based on lessons learned from the review. Selection of indicators should depend upon whether project objectives relate to changes in: number and type of trees grown, land use, farmer knowledge and attitudes, availability of agroforestry products and services, and/or socioeconomic welfare. Data collection tools may include sequential photography or mapping, informal or formal farmer surveys, informal or formal field surveys, farmer meetings and workshops, trend analysis of project records, and case studies of households or communities, depending upon the audience for project evaluation and project resources.     

农地林业与水土保持战略

文章介绍了农地林业概念,发展现状。指出,发展农地林业是水土保持的战略基础。     

广东海岸带复合农林业综合配套技术研究

介绍亚热带沿海地区广东海岸带复合农林业概况及高效发展的综合配套技术 ,阐明复合农林业在沿海地区生态林业工程建设和经济建设中的地位和作用