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南方红豆杉生态特性及栽培技术 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
李金平 《中南林业调查规划》2002,21(2):61-62
南方红豆杉 (TaxusMairei)属红豆杉科常绿大乔木 ,其枝叶、树皮、假种皮、种子等含有治疗癌症的特效药紫杉醇 (Taxol) ,由于红豆杉资源紧缺 ,人工栽培有很高的经济价值。文章介绍了南方红豆杉的生态特性与栽培技术 相似文献
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红豆杉是我国一级保护珍稀植物,其树皮或枝叶提炼出的紫杉醇是治疗癌症的特效药,价格昂贵。红豆杉以种子繁殖为主。其种子外种皮坚硬致密,生理后熟时间长达1年,许多育苗户因未能掌握红豆杉的育苗特性而导致育苗失败。笔者根据近几年来从事红豆杉育苗的实践经验,提出以下育苗措施。 相似文献
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正交试验优选南方红豆杉外植体的消毒方案 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
南方红豆杉(Taxus chinensis var.mairer),又名美丽红豆杉,是红豆杉科红豆杉属红豆杉的一个变种.从其中提取出的紫杉醇是一种具有独特抗癌活性的二萜化合物,对卵巢癌,子宫癌,乳腺癌等多种癌症具有明显的治疗效果[1].然而该树种天然群体数量稀少,种子休眠期较长,生长十分缓慢,加之人为破坏,有濒临灭绝的危险,已被列为国家一级保护植物.利用组织培养的方法生产红豆杉提取紫杉醇,不仅可以保护野生资源,还能有效提高紫杉醇产率,具有良好的工业化前景.在组织培养过程中,污染是经常遇到的较难控制的问题. 相似文献
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红豆杉资源与紫杉醇研究进展 总被引:14,自引:0,他引:14
论述了国内外有关红豆杉资源与紫杉醇研究现状,并对红豆杉资源与存在问题,紫杉醇在植物中的分布、紫杉醇的研究历史、紫杉醇药理作用,红豆杉属植物中的化学成分,细胞与组织培养及紫杉醇开发应用等方面进行了综述。并且概述了红豆杉与紫杉醇研究的最新进展及今后的研究方向。 相似文献
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云南红豆杉优良单株初选 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
在收集整理有关资料的基础上,提出云南红豆杉优良单株初选标准,对形质指标提出定性要求;生物量指标拟合最优回归数学模型,得到优树选择最低基点和基线图;小枝叶紫杉醇含量根据预选群体计算其入选率与选择强度,以此为依据推算紫杉醇含量选择标准。 相似文献
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John L. Devaney Pádraig M. Whelan Marcel A. K. Jansen 《European Journal of Forest Research》2018,137(1):69-78
Conspecific negative density dependence in tree species can have major consequences for structuring of communities, yet in temperate forests this phenomenon remains largely unexplored. We investigated density-dependent recruitment in the long-lived conifer yew (Taxus baccata L.), for which low levels of regeneration have been linked with reduced light availability beneath conspecific canopies and speculative autotoxic effects. We combined in situ assessment of yew regeneration in a temperate forest in southwest Ireland with ex situ pot experiments to assess whether light and/or beneath conspecific canopy conditions inhibit the germination and early growth of yew. In field experiments, recruitment was related to distance from adult conspecifics, with higher levels of regeneration found in areas not beneath yew canopies. However, reduced light availability beneath the dense yew canopy was not responsible for this pattern, with abundant seedlings found in areas of equivalent or even lower light availability. Pot experiments showed that seedling survival was highest in deep shade treatments. Experiments also demonstrated that the addition of yew needles negatively affected seedling growth, but not seed germination. Together, our results suggest that under natural forest conditions, the absence of regeneration beneath mature yew canopies, often attributed to low light availability, may at least be partly related to substances in yew canopy or leaf leachates. 相似文献
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在74条样带436.872hm2面积上进行野外调查,对黑龙江穆棱东北红豆杉自然保护区内天然东北红豆杉种群数量、种群分布与生态因子的相互关系进行了研究。结果表明:在保护区34544hm2范围内天然东北红豆杉种群数量庞大,而且天然东北红豆杉种群的分布对海拔、坡向、坡位和坡度等生态因子具有选择性。700m-800m是种群的最适海拔范围;分布在阴坡的天然种群数量明显高于阳坡;山地的中部和上部更适合东北红豆杉生长;东北红豆杉种群多数分布在坡度15度以下的山地,随着坡度的增加,天然种群的数量明显减少。图3表4参18。 相似文献
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对从红松林下新鲜子实体上分离纯化得到的两株外生菌根菌WSJ-1和WSJ-3进行ITS序列分析,确定其分别为赭丝膜菌(Cortinarius russus)和美味牛肝菌(Boletus edulis)。采用打孔注菌法,将两株外生菌根菌分别与东北红豆杉幼苗共同培养,研究其对东北红豆杉幼苗生长的影响。结果表明:赭丝膜菌与美味牛肝菌均可与红豆杉幼苗形成菌根,菌根侵染率分别为46.7%和35.0%;接种赭丝膜菌与美味牛肝菌后,均能显著提高东北红豆杉幼苗的鲜重、干重、苗高和地径的性状(P<0.05),其中赭丝膜菌效果优于美味牛肝菌。 相似文献
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Wang Yanjie Wei Hongxu Ge Lili Sun Naiwei Wang Ting Zhang Qichang Han Lianbin Ge Xingyu Jin Guangyu 《林业与环境科学》2018,(3)
Forestation in the increasingly urbanized area generates a huge demand for ornamental tree stocks, requiring new approach to promote the cultural efficiency of highly valued seedlings. Chitosan oligosaccharide(COS) is one of biodegradable natural plant growth modifier derived from chitin and an abundant water insoluble biopolymer. In this study, Buddhist pine(Podocarpus macrophyllus)(PM) and Northeast yew(Taxus cuspidata)(TC) were cultured with or without COS addition from 1 July to 17 November 2016. Relative to the TC seedlings, the PM seedlings had greater growth of height and biomass which was found to be negatively correlated with the changes of nitrogen(N) and phosphorus(P) concentrations in shoot during the culture. Only those TC seedlings treated without COS addition had higher proportion of decline in the initial N concentration than that in the PM seedlings. Root P concentration declined less in Buddhist pine seedlings than that in Northeast yew seedlings treated with COS. By 17 of November 2016, both N and P seemed to have been diluted in the PM seedlings and exceed the demand in the TC seedlings. In conclusion, COS had the potential to be used for the culture of ornamental tree seedlings to promote nutrient utilization for shoot biomass accumulation, but more specific effect on nutrient allocation and utilization need to be confirmed by more studies. 相似文献
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Ballero M Loi MC van Rozendaal EL van Beek TA van de Haar C Poli F Appendino G 《Fitoterapia》2003,74(1-2):34-39
Needles from a series of wild yews (Taxus baccata L.) from Sardinia were investigated for their contents of 10-deacetyl baccatin III (DAB-III, 1), paclitaxel (Taxol) (2) and taxine (3). Despite a common geographical origin, ample variation of the taxoid profile was discovered, and several samples were surprisingly devoid of all terpenoid markers above. This finding is unprecedented within the European yew, while the general lack of taxine might rationalize the observation that most plants investigated are actively and impunently browsed by goats. 相似文献