岸杂一号狗牙根草的缺镁症状及镁肥效应

在粤西地区玄武岩、花岗岩和浅海沉积物三种主要母质发育的砖红壤上,进行牧草(岸杂一号狗牙根草)镁肥盆栽试验。由花岗岩和浅海沉积物发育的砖红壤,不施镁时,各次收割的牧草干物质含镁量大都低于20%,并先后出现缺镁症状。其缺镁症状表现为斑状失绿,首先在两边叶缘出现近乎成对而对称的小黄斑,这些小黄斑进而向中央扩展连接,使叶子上半部分的绿色部分不连续,似念珠状。该牧草的缺镁临界指标为地上部干物质含镁(Mg)0.15%。牧草的镁肥效应因土而异,花岗岩发育的砖红壤,施镁处理牧草平均增产64.4%,镁肥效应最佳;浅海沉积物发育的砖红壤,施镁处理平均增产17.2%,肥效次之;玄武岩发育的砖红壤,镁肥效应不明显。在施用量不大的情况下,镁肥对牧草氮、磷、钾含量影响不大,对缺镁土壤来说,施镁使牧草生长良好,氮、磷、钾的总吸收量增加。     

玄武岩砖红壤磷肥活化效果及其机理研究

应用不同活化剂处理不同性质的磷肥，并对其在玄武岩砖红壤中的生物效应及作用机理进行了研究。结果显示：在玄武岩砖红壤上，活化剂处理磷肥均能显著提高蔬菜生物量，其中对磷矿粉无机活化剂处理后的生物效应最大；对磷铵则是有机2号活化剂的生物效应最大。玄武岩砖红壤中的铁、锰与磷素有效性关系密切，且在还原条件下的土壤锰对磷的固定作用更大；硅可促进土壤中磷的释放；供试活化剂不仅可促进难溶磷的释放，还可控释水溶性磷，使土壤供磷性能平稳。在体系中活化剂对磷的促释和控释机理在于通过对土壤铁、锰、铝含量的调节而实现对磷的活化。     

广东省不同母质发育土壤颗粒分布的分形维数特征

采集广东省主要成土母质(玄武岩、砂页岩、第四纪红土和花岗岩)发育的林地、耕地和园地土壤剖面各发生层土壤,测定了土壤颗粒组成、有机质、CEC等理化性质,探讨了不同母质发育土壤颗粒分布的分形维数特征及其与土壤理化性质的关系。结果表明,玄武岩、第四纪红土、花岗岩和砂页岩发育土壤分形维数变幅分别为2.923 9~2.981 2,2.858 8~2.937 7,2.769 3~2.923 1和2.544 6~2.885 6;玄武岩和第四纪红土发育土壤颗粒分布分形维数与砂页岩发育土壤存在显著差异。土壤颗粒分布的分形维数随土壤深度增加呈增大的趋势,相同母质发育土壤的深层土壤颗粒分布的分形维数接近一致。玄武岩和第四纪红土发育土壤颗粒分布的分形维数在不同深度土壤之间变幅较小,砂页岩和花岗岩发育土壤变幅较大。土壤颗粒分布的分形维数与砂粒含量呈极显负相关,与黏粒含量呈极显著正相关,与土壤全磷、速效钾、全铁、CEC、有机质、全氮、碱解氮呈极显著或显著正相关;土壤颗粒分布的分形维数可以作为表征土壤肥力状况指标。     

改性磷矿粉在石灰性土壤上的生物有效性及其机理研究

为缓解磷资源危机,充分利用不适于化学加工的磷矿资源,对磷矿采用活化技术开发利用,由此生产的改性磷肥已被证明在酸性土壤上有很高的生物有效性,但在石灰性土壤上的研究还比较少。本文选择4种不同产地(云南昆明、四川德阳、四川绵竹和贵州开阳)的磷矿粉,分别用有机活化剂和无机活化剂进行活化处理,制备改性磷矿粉,并就其在石灰性土壤对苗期春小麦的生物有效性进行了盆栽试验。结果表明,4种磷矿粉经活化处理后有效磷和水溶性磷含量均明显增加,无机活化剂提高了有效磷的含量,而有机活化剂对水溶性磷的提高幅度较大。改性磷矿粉处理均不同程度提高了石灰性土壤上春小麦的生物量干重、植株吸磷量和磷利用效率,有机活化剂处理制备的改性磷矿粉对春小麦生长的促进作用更为明显。运用红外光谱谱学技术对4种磷矿粉及相应的8种改性磷矿粉结构分析结果表明,磷矿粉经改性后其结构发生了明显变化,H2PO4和HPO42的特征谱带明显增加,增加的程度因磷矿粉的产地和活化剂种类不同而有差异。对磷矿粉化学成分分析结果表明,不同产地的磷矿粉其磷以及钙、铁、铝、镁等化学成分的含量差异较大,活化剂对磷矿粉的活化效果与磷矿粉本身的氧化物含量有关。在本试验条件下,磷矿粉Ⅲ(四川绵竹)的活化效果相对最好,与其氧化镁含量最高、总氧化物含量最低有关。不同类型活化剂对磷矿粉的活化效果不同,红外光谱分析结果表明,无机活化剂活化效果较好,而土培试验结果表明有机活化剂的活化效果较好,这一结果有待进一步的研究。     

有机肥对不同母质菜田土壤磷解吸动力学模拟

通过室内恒温培养试验研究了华南3种典型母质发育的菜田土壤(玄武岩母质发育、花岗岩母质发育、河流冲积物母质发育)在经过两种有机肥(鸡粪堆肥和商品有机肥)预培养30 d和60 d后其土壤有效磷含量及磷解吸动力学过程的影响。结果表明,添加鸡粪堆肥和商品有机肥后,3种母质发育菜田土壤其有效磷含量均显著增加,且添加鸡粪堆肥处理的土壤其有效磷含量的增加量大于添加商品有机肥处理;3种母质发育土壤在添加两种有机肥处理后其磷解吸动力曲线均是先快速解吸然后缓慢达到平衡的过程;磷解吸量不仅与各处理的土壤初始有效磷含量密切有关,而且与土壤成土母质类型、施入有机肥种类相关;3种母质发育的菜田土壤在经过两种有机肥处理后其磷解吸动力曲线用5种动力学方程进行拟合,发现Elovich方程、抛物线方程和幂函数方程能够取得较好的拟合效果。     

不同磷肥品种对苋菜镉累积的影响

采用盆栽试验,以苋菜(Amaranshus mangostanus L)为供试作物,在两种酸性土壤上施用磷酸氢二钾、过磷酸钙、钙镁磷肥、磷矿粉4种不同磷肥,探究其对苋菜生长及其磷、镉累积的影响。结果显示:在两种酸性土壤中施用磷肥显著增加苋菜生物量,降低苋菜地上、地下部镉含量。与其他施磷肥的处理相比较,黄棕壤和赤红壤中钙镁磷肥处理的苋菜地上部镉含量降低幅度最大,分别为58.4%和77.7%。在两种土壤类型上施用不同磷肥苋菜的磷、镉累积量都增加,黄棕壤中,过磷酸钙处理的地上部、钙镁磷肥处理的根部镉累积量增幅最大;赤红壤中,磷酸氢二钾处理地上部、钙镁磷肥处理根部镉积累量最大。结果表明:在两种酸性土壤上分别施用不同种类的磷肥,苋菜对镉、磷的吸收和累积具有差异性。与其他处理相比较,在黄棕壤中施用过磷酸钙,苋菜地上部镉累积效果较好;在赤红壤中施用磷酸氢二钾,苋菜地上部镉累积效果较好。     

浙江红壤性水稻土油菜-水稻-水稻轮作制中磷矿粉的管理

为了探明磷矿粉在油菜-水稻-水稻轮作制中的有效施用方法，在一个发育于第四纪红色黏土的酸性水稻土上进行了3a田间试验。试验结果显示：施用磷肥对油菜的增产效应显著比水稻大。当将过磷酸钙P120kg hm^-2分施于油菜、早稻和晚稻，而将磷矿粉P120kg hm^-2集中施于油菜时，油菜的增产效应：Gafsa磷矿粉〉昆阳磷矿粉〉过磷酸钙；早稻的增产效应：Gafsa磷矿粉≈昆阳磷矿粉〉过磷酸钙；晚稻的增产效应：过磷酸钙〉Gafsa磷矿粉〉昆阳磷矿粉。Gafsa磷矿粉和昆阳磷矿粉对油菜、早稻和晚稻的相对农学有效性分别为108．7％、105．0％、99．6％和89．4％、104．8％、97．1％。增加磷矿粉用量或将磷矿粉与过磷酸钙混合分施于3季，并未增加油菜和水稻的产量。油菜收获后的耕层土壤有效磷含量高于水稻收获后的耕层土壤有效磷含量。耕层土壤有效磷含量与油菜相对产量之间呈显著的正相关，而与水稻相对产量之间则无显著的相关性。     

磷肥和有机肥对不同磷水平土壤磷渗漏影响研究

采用土柱培养的模拟试验方法研究了在不同磷水平土壤上大量施用磷肥和有机肥对土壤测试磷、土壤磷渗漏的影响及影响机理。结果表明,不同磷水平土壤施用磷肥或有机肥土壤CaCl2-P、Olsen—P和土壤渗漏液中可溶性磷均显著增加;单位量磷肥或有机肥所增加土壤各形态磷量随土壤磷水平的增加而增大;随着磷肥或有机肥用量的增加,单位量磷肥或有机肥所增加各形态磷量也逐渐增大,差异均达到显著和极显著水平。在施用磷肥的基础上增施有机肥可以提高土壤CaCl2-P、Olsen—P含量和土壤渗漏液中可溶性磷的增长幅度。土壤磷的渗漏量与土壤测试磷呈显著正相关;单位量磷肥或有机肥所增加的土壤渗漏磷量随着磷肥或有机肥用量以及土壤磷水平的增加而增加。Olsen—P含量与土壤磷吸持指数（PSI）呈显著负相关关系,与土壤磷的吸附饱和度（DPS）呈显著正相关关系。     

磷矿粉的超微细活化及磷释放动态研究

以无机、有机材料为活化剂,用振动磨湿法研磨和连续提取的方法,研究了不同活化剂对磷矿粉的超微细活化作用及磷素动态释放特性。结果表明,添加活化剂能够显著提高磷矿粉的粉碎效率,缩短研磨时间。对磷矿粉进行超微细活化处理能显著提高磷矿粉有效磷的含量,胶磷矿加入无机,有机活化剂和无机、有机活化剂并用的处理2h样品的有效磷含量是粗胶磷矿的1.82、1.86、1.83倍。 2%柠檬酸连续浸提试验表明,各微细处理的胶磷矿6次累积磷总量分别是粗胶磷矿粉的1.90、1.86、1.64、1.69倍。     

磷矿粉超微细化对磷有效性的影响

以含P2O528.97%的同一胶磷矿制备的3种细度磷矿粉为供试材料.采用2%柠檬酸连续浸提的方法,研究了细度和厩肥发酵对磷矿粉释磷效果的影响.结果发现,连续3次浸提的枸溶性磷,细化磷矿粉PR2(400目)和细化磷矿粉PR3(800目)均较普通磷矿粉PR1(100目)提高,达显著水平(p>0.05),细度高的磷矿粉释磷快;磷矿粉与牛粪1:2混合发酵3周后,PR1、PR2、PR3的枸溶性磷含量分别达到发酵前的1.42倍、1.65倍和1.56倍,发酵后PR3的枸溶性磷含量达到未发酵普通磷矿粉PR1的2倍,显示了两种技术结合的累加效应;增加厩肥比例对等质量的磷矿粉活化效果好.     

磷矿粉在酸性土壤中的施用: 比较磷酸盐提取方法测定磷矿粉溶解程度

Three phosphate extraction methods were used to investigate the dissolution,availability and transfo-mation of Kunyang phosphate rock(KPR) in two surface acid soils.Dissolution was determined by measuring the increase in the amounts of soluble and adsorbed inorganic phosphate fractions,and did not differ signifi-cantly among the three methods.Significant correlations were obtained among P fractions got by the three extraction methods.Dissolution continued until the end of the 90-day incubation period.At the end of the period,much of the applied phosphate recovered in both soils were in the Al- and Fe-P or in the hydroxide-and bicarbonate-extractable inorganic P fractions.The dissolution of KPR in the two soils was also similar: increased addition of phosphate rock resulted in decreased dissolution.The similarity in the order and extent of dissolution in the two soils was probably due to the similarity in each soil of several factors that are known to influence phosphate rock dissolution,namely low CEC,pH,P level,and base status;and high clay and free iron and aluminum oxide contents.The results suggested that KPR could be an aternative P source in the soils are not limiting.     

Factors Influencing the Dissolution of Phosphate Rock in a Range of High P‐Fixing Soils from Cameroon

Abstract

A laboratory incubation experiment was conducted to evaluate the soil factors that influence the dissolution of two phosphate rocks (PRs) of different reactivity (Gafsa, GPR, reactive PR; and Togo‐Hahotoe, HPR, low reactivity PR) in seven agricultural soils from Cameroon having variable phosphorus (P)‐sorption capacities, organic carbon (C) contents, and exchangeable acidities. Ground PR was mixed with the soils at a rate of 500 mg P kg^?1 soil and incubated at 30°C for 85 days. Dissolution of the PRs was determined at various intervals using the ΔNaOH‐P method (the difference of the amount of P extracted by 0.5 M NaOH between the PR‐treated soils and the control). Between 4 and 27% of HPR and 33 and 50% of GPR were dissolved in the soils. Calcium (Ca) saturation of cation exchange sites and proton supply strongly affected PR dissolution in these soils. Acid soils with pH‐(H₂O)<5 (NKL, ODJ, NSM, MTF) dissolved more phosphate rock than those with pH‐(H₂O)>5 (DSC, FGT, BAF). However, the lack of a sufficient Ca sink in the former constrained the dissolution of both PRs. The dissolution of GPR in the slightly acidic soils was limited by increase in Ca saturation and that of HPR was constrained by limited supply in protons. Generally, the dissolution of GPR was higher than that of HPR for each soil. The kinetics of dissolution of PR in the soils was best described by the power function equation P=At^B. More efficient use of PR in these soils can be achieved by raising the soil cation exchange capacity, thereby increasing the Ca sink size. This could be done by amending such soils with organic materials.     

酸性硫酸盐土壤上施用磷矿粉对水稻养分有效性的影响

1998～2001年在已垦和未垦酸性硫酸盐土壤上连续进行6季作物的磷矿粉肥效试验,4种磷矿粉分别为摩洛哥CALCINE和BRUT,ALGERIA及昆阳磷矿粉,另外加上过磷酸钙和重过磷酸钙及对照。2000年起每小区均分成2个裂区,其中裂区Ⅰ继续按以前磷肥用量施肥,裂区Ⅱ则将后4季作物的肥料1次施下。试验结果表明,在未垦地上,施用磷矿粉处理水稻稻草P含量比对照显著提高,植株吸收N、P、K量、土壤含P量显著增加。磷矿粉为水稻生长提供了稳定有效的P源;水稻根部吸收P并主要储存于稻草中;2种施用方法无显著差异。已垦地上各处理间无显著差异。虽然缺P是制约水稻生长的一个关键因素,但在此类土壤上还存在更多的限制因子。     

贵州茂兰喀斯特森林不同小生境类型对岩石溶蚀的影响

喀斯特山区土层浅薄、生态环境脆弱,碳酸盐岩溶蚀是喀斯特山区主要成土方式,研究碳酸盐岩溶蚀对喀斯特山区土壤环境保护及土壤可持续利用具有重要意义。以贵州茂兰喀斯特森林不同类型小生境(石洞、石缝、石沟、石槽、土面、石面)为研究对象,通过溶蚀试片法于小生境内进行野外溶蚀试验,观察溶蚀速率、溶蚀形态在时间、空间上的变化,分析溶蚀速率与小生境类型、土壤理化指标、微生物的关系,探讨茂兰喀斯特森林碳酸盐岩溶蚀与成土的关系。结果表明,溶蚀时间介于0.5~2年,置于生境表面的岩石试片中,石槽的试片溶蚀速率最大,其次是土面,再次是石面,石沟轻微溶蚀,石洞、石缝未见明显溶蚀;总体上,埋于生境土壤以下的岩石溶蚀速率较置于生境表面高。相关性分析和随机森林分析表明,小生境类型是影响试片溶蚀速率的首要因子,土壤含水率、pH分别显著促进、抑制试片溶蚀。在溶蚀速率明显变化的生境中,溶蚀形态随着溶蚀时间增加而愈发明显。研究结果证实了小生境类型对碳酸盐岩溶蚀速率存在显著影响。     

Residual effects of organic acid-treated phosphate rocks on some soil properties and phosphate availability

The effects of the application of organic acid-treated phosphate rocks on the growth and nutrient uptake of Italian rye grass (Lolium multiflorum Lam. cv. Tachiwase) and some properties of the soil were evaluated in a greenhouse pot experiment. Phosphate rocks (PRs) collected from six countries; China, Florida (USA), Jordan, Sri Lanka, Togo, and Tanzania, were treated with 1 M oxalic or tartaric acid at the ratio of 2.5 mL g^-1 PR. The organic acid-treated PRs, containing 12–31% water soluble P, were applied to a granitic regosol (pH 5.8) at 200 mg P pot^-1 (4 kg soil). Untreated PRs and single superphosphate (SSP) were included in the treatments. Italian ryegrass was grown for 175 dafter planting (DAP) with ample supply of other nutrients and water. Shoots were harvested at 56, 119, and 175 DAP and the soils were analyzed for pH and Olsen-P after the experiment. Application of organic acid-treated PRs consistently increased the dry matter yield and P uptake of the plants compared with the application of untreated PRs at each harvest, but they were less effective than SSP. A larger amount of P (calculated per unit water-soluble P applied) was recovered from the organic acid-treated PRs than from SSP. The amount of residual extractable P in the soils with the organic acid-treated PRs was about the same as or significantly larger than that in the soil treated with SSP. Soil pH was also significantly higher than in the control and SSP soils. The results suggest that organic acids could be used to improve the P availability of PRs to plants with favorable residual effects in terms of available P and soil pH, without exerting any adverse effects on plant growth or nutrient acquisition.     

Comparative Effects of Two Forage Species on Rhizosphere Acidification and Solubilization of Phosphate Rocks of Different Reactivity

ABSTRACT

Dissolution of phosphate rocks (PR) in soils requires an adequate supply of acid (H⁺) and the removal of the dissolved products [calcium (Ca^{2 +}) and dihydrogen phosphate (H₂PO₄ ^?)]. Plant roots may excrete H⁺ or OH^? in quantities that are stoichiometrically equal to excess cation or anion uptake in order to maintain internal electroneutrality. Extrusion of H⁺ or OH^? may affect rhizosphere pH and PR dissolution. Differences in rhizosphere acidity and solubilization of three PRs were compared with triple superphosphate between a grass (Brachiaria decumbens) and a legume (Stylosanthes guianensis) forage species at two pH levels (4.9 and 5.8) in a phosphorus (P)-deficient Ultisol with low Ca content. The experiment was performed in a growth chamber with pots designed to isolate rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere soil. Assessment of P solubility with chemical extractants led to ranking the PRs investigated as either low (Monte Fresco) or high solubility (Riecito and North Carolina). Solubilization of the PRs was influenced by both forage species and mineral composition of the PR. The low solubility PR had a higher content of calcite than the high solubility PRs, which led to increased soil pH values (> 7.0) and exchangeable Ca, and relatively little change in bicarbonate-extractable soil P. Rhizosphere soil pH decreased under Stylosanthes but increased under Brachiaria. The greater ability of Stylosanthes to acidify rhizosphere soil and solubilize PR relative to Brachiaria is attributed to differences between species in net ion uptake. Stylosanthes had an excess cation uptake, defined by a large Ca uptake and its dependence on N₂ fixation, which induced a significant H⁺ extrusion from roots to maintain cell electroneutrality. Brachiaria had an excess of anion uptake, with nitrate (NO₃ ^?) comprising 92% of total anion uptake. Nitrate and sulfate (SO₄ ^{2 ?}) reduction in Brachiaria root cells may have generated a significant amount of cytoplasmic hydroxide (OH^?), which could have increased cytoplasmic pH and induced synthesis of organic acids and OH^? extrusion from roots.     

改性磷矿粉对油菜幼苗生长和土壤性质的影响

用γ-聚谷氨酸（γ- PGA）与摩洛哥磷矿粉（MPR）混合处理后,在红壤、黄棕壤、黄褐土上分别进行了油菜幼苗盆栽试验和土壤培养试验。结果表明,盆栽试验中,3种土壤上改性磷矿粉处理的生物量都高于其它处理。红壤上,改性磷矿粉处理与对照（CK）和磷酸二氢钙（SP）相比达到显著差异。改性磷矿粉处理的油菜幼苗含磷量和吸磷量都高于相应的单施磷矿粉处理,甚至显著高于SP;并可提高植株的磷吸收效率和磷肥利用率。在土壤培养试验中,磷矿粉施入3种土壤后,均能提高土壤pH值、有效磷和交换性钙镁含量,降低红壤中交换性铝含量。上述各指标增加或降低幅度大小顺序均为:改性磷矿粉磷矿粉对照。     

热带亚热带酸性土壤硝化作用与氮淋溶特征

通过室内好气培养和土柱模拟淋洗培养试验,研究了氨基氮肥加入对热带亚热带4种不同性质和利用方式酸性土壤硝化、氮及盐基离子淋溶、土壤及淋出液酸化的影响。4种土壤分别为采自花岗岩发育的海南林地砖红壤(HR)、玄武岩发育的云南林地砖红壤(YR)、第四纪红黏土发育的江西旱地红壤(RU)和第四纪下蜀黄土发育的江苏旱地黄棕壤(YU)。结果表明:4种土壤硝化作用大小表现为YURUYRHR。HR主要以可溶性有机氮(DON)和NH_4~+-N形态淋失,YU土壤的氮淋溶形态以NO_3~–-N为主,YR和RU土壤的氮淋溶形态NO_3~–-N、NH_4~+-N和DON兼而有之。盐基离子总淋失量与NO_3~–-N淋失量显著正相关,但各盐基离子淋失由于离子本性和土壤性质差异并不完全一致。Ca~(2+)在缓冲外源NH_4~+-N硝化致酸和平衡NO_3~–-N淋失所带负电荷过程中起重要作用。在阳离子交换量小、盐基饱和度低的土壤(如RU土壤),外源NH_4~+-N的硝化和淋失不仅导致盐基离子淋失,而且引发NH_4~+-N、甚至是H~+淋失。综上,热带亚热带地区土壤上外源氮输入的增加可能会在更短的时间内导致氮素向系统外的流失,引发环境问题。     

Relative importance of protons and solution calcium concentration in phosphate rock dissolution by organic acids

A series of experiments was conducted to quantify the relative contribution of protons and other mechanisms to the dissolution of phosphate rocks (PRs) from six countries in solutions of low-molecular-weight-aliphatic organic acids. The amounts of P and Ca released after 3 d of incubation at 28°C were determined in all the experiments. In the first experiment the solubility of the PRs < 500 μm particle size) in 100 M (25 mL g^-1 PR) oxalic, tartaric, and citric acids was compared with that in three mineral acids and four chelating compounds. There were no differences in the amount of P released by the mineral acids, but the organic acids released more P than could be accounted for by protonation. The chelating compounds were the least effective. In the second experiment, 1 g each of Sri Lanka and Togo PRs was incubated with 2.5 mmol of the organic acids using three acid concentration (mM) : acid volume ratios (250:10, 100:25, and 25:100). The amount of P dissolved from the PRs and the amount of acid remaining in the filtrate were about the same for all three treatments. A mixture of the organic acids and the respective Na-salts was prepared at six different acid: salt ratios in the third experiment. Total acid concentration in all the solutions was 100 mM. Higher proportion of the Na-salt in the mixture decreased PR dissolution, while the amount of the acid remaining in the filtrate increased. The Ca concentration in the filtrate showed an opposite trend. The results indicated that PR dissolution by the organic acids was initially dependent on protonation, which accounted for only 13–38% of the amount of P dissolved. Most of the amount of P dissolved could therefore be attributed to other mechanisms. Removal of dissolved Ca from the solution appears to be the major factor controlling the subsequent dissolution of the PRs. The ability of tartaric and oxalic acids to dissolve effectively the PRs was attributed to the formation of an insoluble calcium compound which was precipitated from the solution. For the use of organic acids as a potential amendment for improving the P availability of PRs, the Ca binding power of the organic acids should also be considered.     

Evaluation of agronomic effectiveness of phosphate rocks for aluminum‐tolerant soybean cultivar

Abstract

The effect of liming on the agronomic effectiveness of three phosphate rocks (PRs) Pesca and Huila from Colombia and Sechura from Peru as compared with TSP was evaluated in a greenhouse experiment for an Al‐tolerant soybean cultivar grown on an acid Ultisol. On both unlimed (pH 4.4) and limed (pH 5.0) soils, the agronomic effectiveness of P sources in terms of increasing seed yield followed the order of TSP > Sechura PR > Huila PR > Pesca PR > check, an order similar to that of solubility of P sources. Liming slightly decreased the effectiveness of Pesca PR, whereas liming had no effect on Huila PR. A significant increase in agronomic effectiveness was observed upon liming for Sechura PR and TSP. Soil‐available P as extracted by the Pi method was closely related to the amount of N fixed by soybean crop that, in turn, was related to the soybean seed yield. Values of relative agronomic effectiveness (RAE) of PRs with respect to TSP were calculated by assuming the check = 0% and TSP = 100%. On unlimed soil, the RAE values of PRs were: Pesca PR = 31%, Huila PR = 42%, Sechura PR = 84%. On the limed soil, the RAE values were: Pesca PR = 8%, Huila PR = 24%, Sechura PR = 66%. It can be concluded that the use of PR with respect to that of TSP for soybean crop is more favorable in the unlimed soil than in the limed soil, provided that the soybean plant is relatively Al‐tolerant.