青海省紫花苜蓿病虫种类调查

1987—1990年在青海省几个主要紫花苜蓿种植区(西宁、格尔木、海晏、共和、德令哈、循化、化隆)采集到50份病害标本,500多头昆虫标本。经鉴定,这些地区内有苜蓿病害5种;昆虫42种,隶属8目3科,其中害虫16种,占总调查昆虫种类的38％,天敌昆虫13种,占31％,传粉昆虫13种,占31％。     

内蒙古锡林河中游草原生态系统土壤昆虫调查研究初报

在内蒙古典型草原的6个样地中采集到土壤昆虫标本1580个,隶属于12目26科,成虫、幼虫、卵、蛹各占46.7%、42.13%、10.73%、32%.鞘翅目、膜翅目为优势类群,分别占30.1%、29.9%,密度各为159.3个/m2、158个/m2;双翅目和鳞翅目是常见类群,各占4.3%、0.7%,密度分别为21.1个/m2、3.8个/m2;弹尾目占总量的34.4%,是局限分布于特异性生境(河漫滩小区)的特征性类群;鞘翅目昆虫可视为典型草原的代表性类群.优势类群同一自然地带不存在生态小区间的替代现象.0～10cm的土壤表层是土壤昆虫的最适合生态位.人为放牧活动等扰动可影响土壤亚生态系统的昆虫分布.     

贵州观赏草坪害虫种类调查研究

通过2000～2001年对贵州观赏草坪害虫调查,经对采集标本进行鉴定,草坪害虫隶属8目91种.根据其对观赏草坪危害的程度,贵州观赏草坪主要害虫有粘虫(Leucania litufa)、斜纹夜蛾(Prodenia jitura)、麦蚜(wheat stinkbug)、短额负蝗(Alraclomorpha sinensis)、铜绿丽金龟(Anomalaa corpnlenla)幼虫.     

贵州观赏草坪害虫种类调查研究

通过2000~2001年对贵州观赏草坪害虫调查,经对采集标本进行鉴定,草坪害虫隶属8目91种。根据其对观赏草坪危害的程度,贵州观赏草坪主要害虫有:粘虫(Leucania litura)、斜纹夜蛾(Prodenia jitura)、麦蚜(wheat stink-bug)、短额负蝗(Alraclomorpha sinensis)、铜绿丽金龟(Anomala corpnlenla)幼虫。     

内蒙古锡林河中游草原生态系统土壤昆虫调查研究初报

在内蒙古典型草原的6个样地中采集到土壤昆虫标本1580个，隶属于12目26科，成虫，幼虫，卵，蛹各占46.7%,42.13%,10.73%,32%。鞘翅目，膜翅目为优势类群，分别占30.1%,29.9%，密度各为159.3个/m^2,158个/m^2；双翅目和鳞翅目是常见类群，各占4.3%,0.7%，密度分别为21.1个/m^2,3.8个/m^2；弹尾目占总量的34.4%，是局限分布于特异性生境（河漫滩小区）的特征性类群；鞘翅目昆虫可视为典型草原的代表性类群，优势类群同一自然地带不存在生态小区间的替代现象。0-10cm的土壤表层是土壤昆虫的最适合生态位，人为放牧活动等扰动可影响土壤亚生态系统的昆虫分布。     

豫西地区白三叶草坪昆虫种类调查及群落分析

通过对河南省豫西地区主要城市白三叶Trifolium repens草坪昆虫群落的调查,经鉴定属12目36科75种,其中害虫种类为53种,天敌19种,其他昆虫2种.在害虫中,不同季节优势种不一样,春季的优势种是蚜虫,夏季的优势种是甜菜夜蛾Laphyma exigua和银纹夜蛾Argyrogramma agnata,秋季的优势种是三点盲蝽Adeiphocoris fasiaticollis和蛴螬.它们是综合治理的主要对象.     

江苏省桑树病虫害普查 病.虫.天敌名录

<正>Ⅱ害虫部分共计昆虫纲记录140种,分属于10目,52科.昆虫纲等翅目1科1种,同翅目15科23种半翅目4科10种直翅目3科7种鞘翅目9科44种鳞翅目13科41种双翅目1科3种缨翅目2科2种蝉螨目3科7种腹足纲柄眼目1科2种其中8种为桑树新害虫(标**),29种为江苏省桑树害虫新记录(标*)为害虫态:成虫为害部位:枝照片编号:18-SA标本编号:同·针-13.苹梢蟪姑Platypleura kaempferi Fabricius*寄主:桑苹果 梨 梅 桃 核桃 柿 柑桔茶树 杨 柳 悬铃木等分布:高邮危害程度:十为害虫态:成虫为害部位:枝照片编号:18-3A标本编号:同·针—24.草蝉 Monganla hebes Walker*寄主;甘蔗 水稻 黄豆 豇豆 柿 桑 茶 柑     

天祝夏玛林区蝶类群落特征

2008-2010年连续3年7-9月,对天祝夏玛林区的蝶类进行了研究。采集到蝶类标本2 000余号,经鉴定整理出蝶类71种及亚种,隶属8科50属。其中粉蝶科有9属20种,占总种数的28.2%,为优势类群;蛱蝶科有15属15种,占总种数的21.1%,眼蝶科13属14种,占总种数的19.7%,为次优势类群;绢蝶科1属9种,占总种数的12.7%;灰蝶科8属8种,占总种数的11.3%,为常见类群;弄蝶科2属2种,占总种数的2.8%,凤蝶科1属2种,占总种数的2.8%,蚬蝶科1属1种,占总种数的1.4%,为罕见类群。单种属有43个,占总属的86%,包含的种占总种数的61%;多种属有7个,占总属的14%,包含的种有28种,占总种数的39%;属种比值系数为0.86。结果表明,该地区蝶类以单种属为主。     

北京永丰地区绿化带草坪土壤线虫群落特征分析

对北京永丰地区绿化带草坪中枯黄与健康草坪土壤线虫营养类群及其数量进行了比较,以找出线虫与草坪枯黄的关系。结果表明,该地区无论枯黄还是健康草坪表土下0~20 cm土壤中的线虫都涉及5目9 科12 属,其中植物寄生线虫涉及2目4科5属,非植物线虫共涉及3目5科7属;枯黄草坪中植物线虫占绝对优势,为总数的87.89%,是其他营养类群总和(12.05％)的7倍,其中螺旋属、短体属和毛刺属线虫数量近于健康草坪的2倍;WI值显示北京海淀永丰地区绿化带草坪的土壤健康存在潜在危机,枯黄草坪的土壤健康程度很差。     

贡嘎山南麓鞘翅目昆虫多样性研究初探——以九龙县为例

主要采用巴氏罐诱法,以四川省九龙县为例调查贡嘎山南麓的鞘翅目昆虫资源。通过4个研究地点、60个样方的调查共采集鞘翅目昆虫标本2036号,隶属29科。隐翅虫科、步甲科的个体、物种数量均最多,属优势类群。在4个研究地点中以洪坝鞘翅目昆虫数量最多,洪坝以25科110种777号标本占据明显优势,是该地区鞘翅目昆虫最为丰富的区域。鞘翅目昆虫群落多样性分析表明,在种级水平上洪坝鞘翅目昆虫的丰富度指数和多样性指数最高;瓦灰山鞘翅目昆虫的优势度和均匀度最高。在科级水平上,洪坝的各项指数在4个研究地点中均最高。虽然鞘翅目昆虫群落组成和数量差异较大,但种级水平相似性系数差异不大,而在科级水平的相似性系数差异较大。各指数随着海拔的升高呈现下降的趋势,这些结果说明该地区的鞘翅目昆虫数量与海拔高度有着密切的关系。     

甘肃省苜蓿害虫种类调查

调查记录了甘肃省各地苜蓿害虫,鳞翅目Lepidoptera 83种,鞘翅目Coleoptera 56种,半翅目Hemiptera 20种,同翅目Homoptera 10种,直翅目Orthoptera 9种,缨翅目Thysanoptera 4种,膜翅目Hymenoptera 2种,共计7个目,42个科,184种。分别介绍了这些害虫的中文名称、学名与主要分布区域。     

豫西地区酢浆草草坪昆虫种类调查及群落分析

对河南省豫西地区主要城市酢浆草Oxalis corniculate草坪昆虫群落进行了调查,共鉴定出昆虫12目36科75种,其中有害昆虫56种,有益天敌18种,其他昆虫1种.在有害昆虫中,不同季节优势种不一样,春季的优势种为蚜虫,夏季的优势种为酢浆草茹叶螨Tetranychina harti和朱砂叶螨T.cinnabarinus,秋季的优势种是酢浆草茹叶螨T.Hharti和蛴螬Holotrichia diomphalia.它们都是综合治理的主要对象.     

西昌学院北校区校园冬季鸟类区系组成与群落结构

2013年11月—2014年1月采用样线法对西昌学院北校区校园鸟类进行了调查,共记录校园鸟类57种,隶属于8目26科,优势种为黑喉红臀鹎、白鹭、[树]麻雀。其中,古北界种类17种（29.82%）、东洋界种类29种（50.88%）、广布种11种（19.30%）,区系组成具有明显的东洋界特征;留鸟40种（70.17%）,冬候鸟2种（3.51%）,夏候鸟8种（14.04%）,旅鸟7种（12.28%）;四川省重点保护鸟类2种,被列入国家三有动物名录的鸟类46种（其中1种被列入CITES附录Ⅱ）;乔灌林生境中观察记录鸟类最多（49种）,其次为疏林灌丛（33种）,草丛生境中雀形目鸟类所占比例最高（84.66%）。     

浙江省香榧害虫调查

2017年6月开始,对浙江省主要香榧Torreya grandis生产县(市)进行调查,发现香榧害虫120种,隶属5目,其中61种为新发现的香榧害虫。调查发现蚧虫类Coccoidea危害较重,混交林香榧虫害危害程度低于纯林。香榧害虫的增多与纯林种植且过度精细化管理有相关性。该结果对香榧虫害防治、科研人员教学研究具有重要参考价值。     

中国桑树害虫名录(Ⅹ)

记述了分布于我国的直翅目(Orthoptera)蝗总科(Acridoidea)、蝼蛄总科(Gryllotalpoidea)、菱蝗总科(Tetri-goidea)、蚤蝼总科(Tridactyloidea)、螽斯总科(Tettigonuroidea)、蟋蟀总科(Grylloidea)等14个科的40种桑树害虫,分别介绍了害虫的中文名称、学名、寄主种类及主要分布区域,为了解和控制上述直翅目桑树害虫的发生与危害提供相关的基础信息。     

荔枝主要钻蛀性害虫种类调查及防治方法

对我国荔枝产区的钻蛀性害虫种类进行调查，并对主要害虫的发生规律进行描述。结果共发现荔枝钻蛀性害虫19种，隶属于3目12科，其中蛀干害虫9种，蛀果害虫10种；其中主要的钻蛀性害虫为荔枝蒂蛀虫Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley、龟背天牛Aristobia testudo (Voet)和荔枝尖细蛾Conopomorpha litchiella Bradley；针对不同害虫提出了科学的防治措施。研究结果可为荔枝钻蛀性害虫的防治提供参考，为荔枝的绿色生产提供科学保障。     

Habitat evaluation for outbreak of Yangtze voles (Microtus fortis) and management implications

Rodent pests severely damage agricultural crops. Outbreak risk models of rodent pests often do not include sufficient information regarding geographic variation. Habitat plays an important role in rodent–pest outbreak risk, and more information about the relationship between habitat and crop protection is urgently needed. The goal of the present study was to provide an outbreak risk map for the Dongting Lake region and to understand the relationship between rodent–pest outbreak variation and habitat distribution. The main rodent pests in the Dongting Lake region are Yangtze voles (Microtus fortis). These pests cause massive damage in outbreak years, most notably in 2007. Habitat evaluation and ecological details were obtained by analyzing the correlation between habitat suitability and outbreak risk, as indicated by population density and historical events. For the source‐sink population, 96.18% of Yangtze vole disaster regions were covered by a 10‐km buffer zone of suitable habitat in 2007. Historical outbreak frequency and peak population density were significantly correlated with the proportion of land covered by suitable habitat (r = 0.68, P = 0.04 and r = 0.76, P = 0.03, respectively). The Yangtze vole population tends to migrate approximately 10 km in outbreak years. Here, we propose a practical method for habitat evaluation that can be used to create integrated pest management plans for rodent pests when combined with basic information on the biology, ecology and behavior of the target species.     

Perceived damage and areas of needed research for wildlife pests of California agriculture

Many wildlife species cause extensive damage to a variety of agricultural commodities in California, with estimates of damage in the hundreds of millions annually. Given the limited availability of resources to solve all human–wildlife conflicts, we should focus management efforts on issues that provide the greatest benefit to agricultural commodities in California. This survey provides quantitative data on research needs to better guide future efforts in developing more effective, practical and appropriate methods for managing these species. We found that ground squirrels, pocket gophers, birds, wild pigs, coyotes and voles were the most common agricultural wildlife pest species in California. The damage caused by these species could be quite high, but varied by agricultural commodity. For most species, common forms of damage included loss of crop production and direct death of the plant, although livestock depredation was the greatest concern for coyotes. Control methods used most frequently and those deemed most effective varied by pest species, although greater advancements in control methods were listed as a top research priority for all species. Collectively, the use of toxicants, biocontrol and trapping were the most preferred methods for control, but this varied by species. In general, integrated pest management practices were used to control wildlife pests, with a special preference for those approaches that were efficacious and quick and inexpensive to apply. This information and survey design should be useful in establishing research and management priorities for wildlife pest species in California and other similar regions.