依法做好重大动物疫病防控工作

2005年11月,在我国防控高致病性禽流感的关键时刻,国务院制定并颁布了《重大动物疫情应急条例》(以下简称《条例》),制定《条例》,既是防控高致病性禽流感工作的迫切需要,也是从根本上建立国家重大动物疫情应急机制的重大举措。这充分体现了党和国家对高致病性禽流感等重大动物疫     

依法做好重大动物疫病防控工作

2005年11月,在我国防控高致病性禽流感的关键时刻,国务院制定并颁布了《重大动物疫情应急条例》(以下简称《条例》),制定《条例》,既是防控高致病性禽流感工作的迫切需要,也是从根本上建立国家重大动物疫情应急机制的重大举措。这充分体现了党和国家对高致病性禽流感等重大动物疫情防控工作的高度重视,对养殖业的发展十分关注,对广大人民群众身体健康和生命安全的高度负责;充分反映了我国政府坚持以人为本、执政为民的执政理念;充分反映了国家坚持依法行政,运用法律武器战胜高致病性禽流感等重大动物疫情的坚强决心。作为兽医战线的同志,必…     

对《重大动物疫情应急条例》的几点理解体会

在我国部分地区发生了较为严重的高致病性禽流感疫情,全国防控高致病性禽流感工作面临十分严峻形势的关键时刻,国务院颁布了《重大动物疫情应急条例》(以下简称《条例》)。《条例》是我国继《动物防疫法》之后又一部重要的动物防疫行政法规,对于全面加强高致病性禽流感等重大动物疫病的防治,保障养殖业健康发展,保护人民身体健康与维护正常的社会秩序,具有十分重大的作用与意义。下面谈几点个人的粗浅认识和理解1《条例》明确了重大动物疫情应急是政府行为,确立了重大动物疫情应急控制的总体工作机制《条例》规定,重大动物疫情应急工作按照…     

高鸿宾：强化措施 狠抓落实 切实做好秋季重大动物疫病防控工作

2008年9月5日．农业部召开全国秋季重大动物疫病防控工作视频会议,分析当前禽流感、高致病性猪蓝耳病等重大动物疫病防控形势,部署秋季重大动物疫病防控工作,确保畜牧业持续健康发展和畜产品质量安全。农业部副部长高鸿宾强调,各级畜牧兽医部门要切实采取有效措施,扎实推进秋季重大动物疫病防控工作,力争不发生高致病性禽流感等重大动物疫情。     

重大动物疫病防控面临五大创新

近年来,我国出台了《重大动物疫情应急条例》和《国家突发重大动物疫情应急预案》,加快了兽医管理体制改革,加大了资金投入力度,强化了免疫、监测、消毒、检疫监督、疫情处置等综合防控措施落实,重大动物疫病防控工作取得了一定成效。但高致病性禽流感等重大动物疫病在全国还时     

重大动物疫病应急管理体系建设的实践探究

近几年,高致病性禽流感、非洲猪瘟等重大动物疫病给我国养殖业造成巨大的经济损失,动物疫病防控工作的重要性越发凸显。为此,应进一步健全完善重大动物疫病应急管理体系,因地制宜地健全应急组织结构、完善管理运行和应对处置机制,以有效防范动物疫情发生,降低经济损失。     

观点：动物疫病防控最薄弱的环节在基层

2004年,我国首次爆发高致病性禽流感疫情后,国家及各级政府加强了重大动物疫病的防控工作,逐步对高致病性禽流感、口蹄疫、高致病性猪蓝耳病、猪瘟等重大动物疫病实施以强制性免疫为主的综合防控措施,重大动物疫病得到了控制。但当前我国畜牧业养殖仍以农村散养为主,千家万户饲养畜禽,基层的动物疫病防控是最薄     

疫情动态

青海禽流感疫情已被扑灭解除封锁农业部新闻办公室5日发布消息,农业部当日接到青海省重大动物疫病防治指挥部办公室报告,青海省玉树县和玛多县发生候鸟H5N1亚型高致病性禽流感疫情后,当地政府对疫区立即采取了封锁、消毒和对受威胁区禽只进行紧急免疫等措施,当地家禽没有发生禽流感疫情,自6月中旬以来候鸟未出现新的发病死亡青海省重大动物疫病防治指挥部组织专家组对疫区防疫工作进行了验收,认为符合。重大动物疫情应急条例》《国家突发重大动物疫情应急预案》《全国高致病性禽流感应急预案》和《高致病性禽流感疫情处置技术规范》关于解…     

浅析农村动物防疫工作中存在的问题及对策

<正>2004年,我国首次暴发高致病性禽流感疫情。之后,国家及各级政府开始重视重大动物疫病防控工作,逐步对高致病性禽流感、Ο型口蹄疫、亚洲Ⅰ型口蹄疫、高致病性蓝耳病、猪瘟等重大动物疫病实施以强制性免疫为主的综合防控措施,使得重大动物疫病得到一定程度控制。当前,     

动物疫病防控最薄弱的环节在基层

<正>2004年,我国首次爆发高致病性禽流感疫情后,国家及各级政府加强了重大动物疫病的防控工作,逐步对高致病性禽流感、口蹄疫、高致病性猪蓝耳病、猪瘟等重大动物疫病实施以强制性免疫为主的综合防控措施,重大动物疫病得到了控制。但当前我国畜牧业养殖仍以农村散养为主,千家万户饲养畜禽,基层的动物疫病防控是最薄     

H9N2亚型禽流感病毒传播途径特性的比较及其表面基因序列分析

选择中国大陆最早分离的H9N2亚型禽流感病毒(avian influenza virus,AIV)A/Chicken/Guangdong/SS/94(H9N2)(缩写为SS株)和1998年大流行时期分离的H9N2亚型AIVA/Chicken/Shanghai/F/98(H9N2)(缩写为F株)为研究对象,对其在SPF鸡体内的复制能力和传播途径特性比较后发现,F株在4周龄SPF鸡气管中的复制能力高于SS株,F株可以经气溶胶传播途径传播,SS株不能经气溶胶传播途径传播;利用反转录-聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)方法获取F株和SS株的HA和NA基因的cDNA,序列分析得知,F株和SS株的HA和NA基因的同源性分别是96.6%和98.1%;HA基因的裂解位点氨基酸序列都是PARSSR↓GL,但有5个氨基酸的差异,即166位N(F)→D(SS)、198位A(F)→V(SS)、217位V(F)→I(SS)、335位G(F)→R(SS)、504位L(F)→S(SS);2株病毒的NA基因在63~65位都存在氨基酸缺失,但在NA基因红细胞吸附位点的氨基酸序列不同,分别是IKKDSRSG(F)和IKEDLRSG(SS)。F株和SS株的传播特性差异是否与其表面基因序列有关,有待进一步研究。     

禽类的起源、演化及我国主要家禽品种类型与分布

家禽是重要经济价值动物.本文从禽类种群进化学说出发,简介了禽类的起源、演化、动物学分类和家禽的驯化(养)与品种的形成,并对我国主要家禽(鸡、鸭、鹅)地方品种和培育品种(配套系)的分布与类型作了描述,以期为研究我国家禽起源系统,保护与利用我国家禽品种,促进家禽生产可持续发展提供参考.     

一起猪链球菌病和伪狂犬病的混合感染的诊治

近年以来,由于市场因素的刺激,生猪的存养量大幅上升,再加上由于流通环节较多,流通非常频繁,流通距离越来越远。这对繁荣经济,增加养殖效益起了重要的推动作用,但也同时给疾病的感染和传播创造了有利条件,给猪病的防治带来了困难。有的猪场感染了传染病后,由于治疗不及时不得法,而造成了惨重的经济损失。2008年7月中旬,我街道一养猪户因盲目从外地购进中猪,发生猪病疫情,引起猪只连续死亡,造成一定的经济损失。根据流行病学、临床症状、剖检变化和实验室诊断,诊断该病为猪链球菌病和猪伪狂犬病混合感染,现报告如下。     

秋冬季预防和治疗虫媒性传染病鸡白冠病和鸡痘

１前言１．１鸡白冠病鸡白冠病是由卡氏住白细胞原虫寄生于鸡的红细胞和单核细胞而引起的鸡的贫血性疾病。吸血昆虫蚋和库蠓叮咬鸡引起传播，是主要的传播媒介，一般在夏末和秋季多发，由于夏季降雨量较大，部分沟渠积水，库蠓和蚋多孳生，因此在多雨水涝的年份发病率明显增高。１９９８年中国从南到北发生洪涝灾害，吸血昆虫的孳生格外严重，出现了一个白冠病多发年，而后两年发病稍轻，并有地区性，今年８月中旬以来白冠病的发病呈抬头趋势，有一定的死亡率，对蛋鸡产蛋率也会引起一定程度的降低，应引起养鸡户的重视。１．２鸡痘鸡痘也是…     

种鹅矛形剑带绦虫与背孔吸虫混合感染的诊治

2005年9月份,大庆市红岗区个体养鹅专业户送检6只病死的5月龄左右隆昌鹅和长白鹅,经过实验室诊断确诊为矛形剑带绦虫与背孔吸虫混合感染。矛形剑带绦虫属膜壳科     

Evaluation of lysozyme and lactoferrin in lacrimal and other ocular glands of bison and cattle and in tears of bison

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate lactoferrin and lysozyme content in various ocular glands of bison and cattle and in tears of bison. SAMPLE POPULATION: Tissues of ocular glands obtained from 15 bison and 15 cattle and tears collected from 38 bison. PROCEDURE: Immunohistochemical analysis was used to detect lysozyme and lactoferrin in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded sections of the ocular glands. Protein gel electrophoresis was used to analyze ocular glands and pooled bison tears by use of a tris-glycine gel and SDS-PAGE. Western blotting was used to detect lactoferrin and lysozyme. RESULTS: Immunohistochemical staining for lactoferrin was evident in the lacrimal gland and gland of the third eyelid in cattle and bison and the deep gland of the third eyelid (Harder's gland) in cattle. Equivocal staining for lactoferrin was seen for the Harder's gland in bison. An 80-kd band (lactoferrin) was detected via electrophoresis and western blots in the lacrimal gland and gland of the third eyelid in cattle and bison, Harder's glands of cattle, and bison tears. An inconsistent band was seen in Harder's glands of bison. Lysozyme was not detected in the lacrimal gland of cattle or bison with the use of immunohistochemical analysis or western blots. Western blots of bison tears did not reveal lysozyme. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Distribution of lactoferrin and a lack of lysozyme are similar in the lacrimal gland of cattle and bison. Differences in other tear components may be responsible for variability in the susceptibility to infectious corneal diseases that exists between bison and cattle.     

Shape and size of teeth of dogs and cats-relevance to studies of plaque and calculus accumulation

Crown width, height and buccal surface areas were measured on heads or skulls of four dogs and four cats, and were compared with similar measurements on models of human dentition. Buccal surface area variability was greater in dogs and cats than in humans, and teeth of cats were smaller. Horizontal (gingival and occlusal halves) and vertical (mesial, middle, and distal thirds) buccal surface area variability was also greater in canine and feline teeth compared with human teeth. This increased variability suggests the need for testing of reliability and repeatability of scoring when using plaque and calculus indices based on horizontal or vertical segmentation. Buccal surface area variability between teeth also prompts questioning the validity of equal weighting of smaller, irregularly-shaped teeth when calculating a mean mouth score. Whether equal or more reliable results would be obtained from scores of whole teeth in comparison with segmentation indices used currently has yet to be determined.     

Description and classification of abnormal cercariae of Schistosoma mattheei and a method of concentration and collection

Over a period of about 12 years, 30 abnormal Schistosoma mattheei cercariae were found among a total of approximately 2.8 million examined. Initially seven were recovered from about 1.02 million (0.0007%), which were examined individually while being counted with the aid of a stereoscopic microscope. Subsequently, on the strength of relatively high percentages of abnormal individuals recovered when counting cercariae that failed to penetrate into oxen, it appeared that the morphologically abnormal cercariae were unable to swim and would mostly sediment out of a suspension while most of the normal cercariae would remain swimming. This surmise is supported by recovery of 23 morphologically abnormal cercariae (0.001%) from about 1.8 million, by examining the sediment after the cercarial suspension had been left standing undisturbed in glass measuring cylinders. The abnormalities ranged from aberrant tails only (e.g. an underdeveloped tail, or different degrees of schism) or aberrant heads only, to abnormalities of both the heads and tails. A suggested schematic classification of abnormal cercariae is presented. A young, adult hamster was exposed to eight S. mattheei cercariae with complete schism of the shaft of the tail, by pipetting the cercariae onto the shaved abdominal skin of the anaesthetised animal. Two underdeveloped females were subsequently encountered in squash preparations of the liver when the hamster was killed for worm recovery 10 weeks after infection, thus showing that some of the abnormal cercariae were viable. A method is also described for killing and fixing cercariae while retaining some of the shining brilliance of live cercariae, without them becoming shrivelled, granular and semi-opaque, as occurs when cercariae die spontaneously or are killed with heat. This is apparently the first report of abnormal cercariae of S. mattheei. In addition, a method of concentrating abnormal cercariae after emergence from a snail, a schematic classification of abnormal cercariae and a method for killing and fixing cercariae while retaining much of the shiny brilliance of live cercariae are also reported for the first time as far as is known.