基于APSIM模型评估北方八省春玉米生产对气候变化的响应

基于北方地区农业气象试验站春玉米多年田间试验数据和逐日气象数据,分析农业生产系统模型APSIM在北方八省春玉米产区的适用性,在区域尺度上识别春玉米发育期和产量的关键气象响应因子,模拟过去54a（1961?2014年）该地区春玉米的生长发育和产量形成过程,探讨春玉米发育期和产量对气候变化的响应规律。结果表明：验证后的APSIM玉米模型在北方八省春玉米产区具有较好的适用性。气温和土壤温度是北方各地春玉米发育期的首要关键气象响应因子,其中北方春播区春玉米各关键发育期对最高气温响应最明显,西北内陆区春玉米各关键发育期对最低气温响应最明显。平均气温、日最高气温、日最低气温和土壤温度的升高均会导致春玉米生育期（出苗、开花和成熟）日序提前,发育天数减少,春玉米提前成熟。北方春播区春玉米产量对温度、降水、日照时数响应明显,西北内陆区春玉米产量对温度和潜在蒸散响应明显,大部分地区温度的升高和潜在蒸散的增加会引起玉米产量的显著下降。     

北京市主要农作物水分利用的系统参数评价

以北京市顺义区典型平原灌溉农田和延庆县典型山区旱作农田为研究对象,依据田间试验数据、气象统计资料,采用农户调查和数学模型等方法,从作物的降水满足率、需水和降水耦合度、水分生态适应性、水分利用率等方面对北京市主要农作物水分利用情况进行系统分析。结果表明:北京市主要农作物水分生态适应性指数排序依次为:灌区夏大豆>灌区春大豆>旱作春大豆>旱作春谷子>灌区夏玉米>灌区春玉米>旱作春玉米>旱作马铃薯>旱作苜蓿>灌区水稻>灌区苜蓿>灌区冬小麦,水分利用效率排序依次为:灌区苜蓿>旱作春玉米>旱作苜蓿>灌区春玉米>旱作春谷子>旱作春大豆>灌区春大豆。     

Effects of defoliation on carbohydrate status,nodules and spring growth in white clover in a sub-arctic climate

Abstract

In order to improve the basis for utilizing white clover (Trifolium repens L) in northern agriculture, we studied the effects of defoliation intensity on spring growth in a sub-arctic climate in relation to carbohydrate and nodule status. White clover plants (cv Snowy) were studied in a pot experiment in the field on the coast of northern Norway from spring 2001 until spring 2002. The experiment was repeated with some modifications from spring 2002 until spring 2003. During the growing season from summer to autumn, the plants were totally stripped of leaves down to the stolon, cut at four or seven cm height or left undisturbed. The plants were sampled destructively in autumn, early spring and late spring and sorted into leaves, stolons and roots. The plant material was weighed and analysed for carbohydrate reserves and nodule number. Defoliation during the growing season resulted in reduced concentration of reserve carbohydrates in autumn and reduced winter survival of the stolons. The most severe defoliation treatment reduced the herbage growth in spring. In contrast, the two milder defoliation treatments had no effect on herbage growth during spring or on total plant dry matter and nodule status in late spring. In conclusion, moderate defoliation during the growing season had no effect on herbage growth the following spring nor on carbohydrate, nodule or dry matter status of the plant in late spring. Moderate defoliation increased spring growth and thereby also the nitrogen demand of the plants. This probably enhanced nodule formation and development of inactive to active nodules.     

冀东地区晚播春玉米氮素积累、分配与转运特性

为明确冀东地区晚播春玉米氮素积累、分配与转运特性,2017—2018年以京农科728和MC812为供试材料进行了2年的田间试验,以常规播期(5月1日)为对照,分析了冀东地区晚播(5月30日)春玉米氮素积累动态和阶段积累特性及其在各器官中的分配和转运特性。结果表明,冀东地区春玉米氮素的积累动态符合Logistic模型,与常规播期比较,晚播春玉米氮素积累的渐增期和缓增期持续时间缩短,而快增期持续时间延长;氮素平均积累速率、渐增期和缓增期积累速率提高,氮素总积累量增加。晚播显著促进抽雄期-成熟期植株对氮素的吸收,此阶段京农科728和MC812氮素吸收量比常规播期分别增加72.56%和18.39%,阶段吸收百分率均达45%以上。晚播使春玉米茎鞘中氮素分配率提高,叶片的氮素分配率降低,同时还促进了叶片向籽粒转运氮素,使其转运量、转运率以及对籽粒的贡献率提高;成熟期晚播春玉米籽粒氮素分配比例达73.82%~77.41%。另外,晚播提高了春玉米产量,使氮素收获指数和氮素偏生产力同步提高;百公斤籽粒氮素吸收量基本不受播期的影响。综上可知,在晚播春玉米生产中,应注意增加氮肥施用量,选择基施肥效较长的缓释肥或在春玉米生长后期追施氮肥,以保证春玉米生育后期土壤有效氮的充足供应,保持叶片活力,维持叶片光合能力,促进春玉米增产。本研究对冀东地区晚播春玉米氮肥合理施用具有一定的指导意义。     

灰色GM(1,1)及其残差修正模型在不同程度春旱发生年份预测中的应用

针对近年来临沂春旱发生频率和程度较前期有所增加的事实,利用临沂1971-2009年的降水资料,采用降水距平法进行春季干旱划分,在此基础上,利用灰色GM(1,1)及其残差修正模型分别建立当地轻度和中度以上春旱的预测模型。结果表明:轻度以上春旱模型以原始序列建模方程精度最高,而中度以上春旱模型则以3次残差序列模型的精度最高;分别用最佳轻度和中度以上GM(1,1)模型进行未来5个时刻的预测,得出下一次轻度春旱时间在2010年;而轻度和中度以上预测模型共同预测结果表明2018年临沂将发生中度以上程度的春旱,为将灾害损失降到最小,对此次春季旱情应引起高度重视,并提前做好防灾减灾应对措施。     

Manganese relationships in spring wheat and spring barley production in Northern Idaho

Abstract

Manganese is often limiting in cereal crop production in the Kootenai River Valley of Northern Idaho; however, attempts to relate DTPA‐extractable Mn in soils to crop yield response have not been successful. Consequently, Mn plant tissue diagnosis may be an alternate diagnostic tool. The objectives of this study were to: (1) determine the critical nutrient concentration (CNC) of Mn in spring wheat and spring barley tissue in the Kootenai River Valley of northern Idaho, (2) examine yield response of spring wheat and spring barley to Mn fertilization, and (3) assess relative efficiencies of foliar and surface broadcast Mn applications to these crops. Paired plots with four replications consisting of a foliar Mn application rate of 1.5 kg ha^‐1 and a control were located at four sites in 1988 and at ten sites in 1989. Soil, plant tissue samples and grain yield data were evaluated by linear plateau regression to determine CNCs of Mn for spring wheat and spring barley tissue. In addition, five randomized complete block experiments were conducted in 1989 and 1990 to evaluate Mn fertilizer rates and sources (foliar vs. surface applied) on spring wheat and spring barley production. Tissue Mn was highly correlated by linear plateau regression to both spring wheat (r² = 0.74**) and spring barley (r² = 0.70**) grain yield. The Mn CNC was established at 11.0 mg Mn kg‐¹ plant tissue for spring wheat and 10.1 mg Mn kg^‐1 plant tissue for spring barley. The Mn CNCs were established at 92.4 and 93.0% of maximum yield for spring wheat and spring barley, respectively. DTPA‐extractable Mn was not significantly correlated to grain yield for either crop (r² = 0.02, NS). Based on study results, Mn analysis of spring wheat and spring barley plant tissue was diagnostic of eventual grain yield. When tissue diagnosis showed plants to be deficient in Mn, the deficiency was corrected by applying Mn fertilizer as a surface broadcast or a foliar spray. However, foliar application of Mn was more efficient than broadcast application.     

我国北方不同地区玉米养分吸收及累积动态研究

通过在东北地区的黑龙江、吉林和华北地区的河北、河南等省进行的田间试验,研究了同一玉米品种（郑单958）在我国北方不同地区玉米养分吸收及累积规律。结果表明,郑单958在东北地区作为春玉米栽培时的总生物量及氮、磷吸收量要高于在华北地区作为夏玉米栽培时的相应值,钾吸收量则相反。在华北地区作为夏玉米栽培时,营养体中氮、磷、钾百分含量最大值要高于在东北地区作为春玉米栽培时的相应值;而在东北地区作为春玉米栽培时营养体中氮、磷养分向籽粒中的转运量显著高于在华北地区作为夏玉米栽培时的转运量,钾素的转运量正好相反。在东北地区作为春玉米栽培时,其生物量最大增长速率和养分最大吸收速率出现的时间都要晚于在华北地区作为夏玉米栽培时的。因此,在东北地区种植的春玉米可以适当的推迟追肥的时间,增加玉米对养分的吸收,从而提高玉米的产量。     

春小麦冠层氮素垂直分布与转运特征

以春小麦品种“吉春34”为材料，2016−2017年在南京进行了3期分期播种试验（S1，2016年12月16日播种；S2，2017年1月13日播种；S3，2017年2月19日播种），研究不同播期春小麦开花后不同空间层次叶片和茎鞘的氮素含量、氮素积累量、氮素垂直梯度变化以及植株氮素转运量、籽粒蛋白质含量和产量变化，以期明确江苏春小麦植株冠层氮素积累、分配与转运特征，并确定最适播期。结果表明：春小麦冠层氮素含量垂直分布特征明显，开花后春小麦植株含氮量随冠层高度的降低而降低，播期显著影响春小麦植株冠层氮素的积累、分布与转运。与早播春小麦（S1）相比，晚播春小麦（S2、S3）冠层40−80cm层次含氮量和氮积累量显著降低，叶片和茎鞘氮素垂直梯度的峰值出现时间提前至开花−灌浆期，峰值出现的空间位置降至冠层中下层，植株氮素转运量显著降低6.61%～29.12%。早播春小麦冠层中上部营养器官在生育后期可维持较大的氮素垂直梯度，促进氮素的运转。同时，晚播春小麦生育期内接受的太阳总辐射量、降水量减少，平均气温升高，开花后高温热害程度增加，生育期持续时间减少，降低了植株对氮素的吸收和转运。晚播春小麦比早播春小麦籽粒蛋白质含量降低8.46%～9.82%，蛋白质产量减少40.78～71.47g·m−2。综合春小麦冠层氮素分布与转运特征认为，在本试验条件下，S1播期（12月16日）为江苏春小麦的最佳播期。     

Effects of spring precipitation on a temperate arable collembolan community analysed using Principal Response Curves

We hypothesized that changes in the pattern of spring precipitation would alter the species composition of a temperate soil-surface collembolan community. Experimental manipulation of precipitation during a drought in southern England was used to test this hypothesis in spring 1997. Replicated plots in a field of spring peas received spring drought (plots shielded from rainfall), reference (actual) rainfall and spring irrigation during the first 2 weeks of May. Shielding plots extended the existing drought to 58 days. Thereafter all plots received natural precipitation only, which in June considerably exceeded the long-term average for the site. Redundancy Analysis (RDA) and the recently-developed method of Principal Response Curves analysis (PRC) were used to summarise and test statistically changes in community composition under the three precipitation treatments, using counts of soil-surface species obtained by suction sampling. Irrigation decreased counts of Bourletiella hortensis, but had a positive impact on all other species studied, whilst the effect of spring drought was negative. Effects of spring precipitation persisted for the 97-day duration of the study despite the unusually wet summer. The possibility that changes in patterns of rainfall in northern Europe would promote some species as crop pests is proposed, but not supported by our findings. We use the collembolan data to illustrate some advantages of PRC analysis over RDA and other ordination techniques for analysing community responses to experimental treatments.     

甘肃东部春播期干旱指数的变化特征及预测

利用甘肃东部1968～2002年55站的春播期降水、气温资料，计算了春播期干旱指数，划分了春播期干旱标准，用自然正交分解(EOR)和旋转自然正交分解(REOF)方法进行了气候分区，分析了其时空分布特征和变化规律，经拟合与试报证明有一定的预报能力。结果表明，干旱有三个高发区，频率为36％～57％，20世纪90年代是干旱最严重的时段，进入新的世纪，干旱有减轻的趋势。最后建立了甘肃东部春播期干旱指数的均生函数预测模型。     

基于红边参数的水浇地与旱地春小麦各生育期叶绿素最佳估测模型比较研究

通过分析水浇地与不同类型旱地春小麦红边参数变化规律,利用与春小麦叶绿素含量相关性最好的红边位置,分别建立水浇地与旱地春小麦叶绿素含量最佳估测模型。结果表明:春小麦的红边位置表现出水浇地阴坡旱地半阴/阳坡旱地阳坡旱地的特点。起身期到扬花期,各地类春小麦红边位置均偏向长波方向,扬花至乳熟期,又偏向短波。水浇地与阴坡旱地春小麦的红边在起身期和乳熟期存在"单峰"现象,而在其他各期均为"双峰";半阴/阳坡旱地在抽穗和扬花期"双峰"明显,在起身、拔节和乳熟期表现出"单峰"现象;阳坡地在各生育期均为"单峰"现象。整个生育期,水浇地春小麦的红边面积最大,阳坡地的最小。起身期至乳熟期,水浇地与旱地春小麦叶绿素含量线性模型的拟合R2和检验R2均大于0.81,RMSE均小于1.70,说明可以利用红边位置预测各地春小麦叶绿素含量。     

Nitrate leaching after cut grass/clover leys as affected by time of ploughing

Abstract. Nitrate leaching after one year of a cut grass/clover ley was measured in two succeeding years to investigate how the postponing of ploughing leys from early to late autumn or spring, in combination with spring or winter cereals affected leaching of nitrate. The experiment was conducted as three field trials, two on a coarse sandy soil and one on a sandy loam soil. For calculation of nitrate leaching, soil water samples were taken using ceramic suction cups. The experiments started in spring in a first year ley and ended in spring three years later. Total nitrate leaching for the three year periods for each trial ranged between 160–254 and 189–254 kg N/ha on the coarse sand and 129–233 kg N/ha on the sandy loam. The results showed that winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) did not have the potential for taking up the mineralized N in autumn after early autumn ploughing of grass/clover leys, and that the least leaching was generally found when ploughing was postponed until spring, and when winter rye ( Secale cereale L.) was grown as the second crop rather than spring barley ( Hordeum vulgare L.). Nevertheless, leaching was generally high in the winter period even when winter rye was grown. On these soil types ploughing out should be postponed, whenever possible, to spring. Crop systems that maximize the utilization of mineralized N and thereby minimize nitrate leaching need to be further developed. Based on N balances, the data were further used to estimate the biological N fixation by the clover.     

三江平原挠力河流域主要作物水分盈亏时空变化特征

明确中国粮食生产基地主要作物种植条件下的水分盈亏条件,有利于区域灌溉策略制定及保障国家粮食安全。该研究基于MODIS遥感数据和常规气象数据,运用Priestley-Taylor公式以及作物水分盈亏指数,以三江平原腹地的挠力河流域为研究区,揭示2000年以来该流域主要作物(中稻、春小麦和春玉米)的水分盈亏时空变化特征。结果表明:1)挠力河流域潜在蒸散量由2000年的910.25 mm增至2015年的964.04 mm,各作物需水量整体呈现不同幅度的上升态势;2)各作物表现出不同的水分盈亏特点。中稻水分亏缺明显,缺水量由东北向西南递增,天然降水不能满足其水分需求。春小麦水分亏缺程度低,灌溉需求量在空间上变化较小。春玉米多处于轻度缺水状态,且西北部的缺水量小于东南部;3)流域境内的中稻多处于轻旱状态,2000—2015年干旱区持续扩张,面积增长幅度达到143.46%。对于旱作物而言,春小麦的缺水量尚未达到轻旱的标准,而春玉米的轻旱区面积往复变化,2000—2015年间面积减少了79.90%。作物种植结构的快速变化,使得中稻种植区迅速扩张,加剧了该流域的水分亏缺态势,而春小麦和春玉米的种植区变化未对水分盈亏态势造成显著影响。研究可为挠力河流域的农业结构调整与农田灌溉措施制定提供支持。     

农用运输车钢板弹簧计算机辅助参数设计

针对目前农用运输车钢板弹簧选用不合理及用经验公式进行手工计算的低效率设计问题,分析了常用钢板弹簧的结构性能特点和适用范围。以多片等截面式和少片变截面式钢板弹簧为例,介绍了用计算机辅助设计方法进行钢板弹簧参数设计的步骤。最后用作者开发的计算机程序,对某１．０ｔ级农用运输车的前悬架多片等截面钢板弹簧进行了参数设计,结果表明,用计算机辅助设计手段可大大提高钢板弹簧的设计效率。     

DSSAT-CERES模型在黄土高原丘陵沟壑地区春玉米生产中的适用性评价

【目的】本研究在黄土高原丘陵沟壑区引入农业技术转化决策系统(DSSAT, Decision Support System for Agrotechnology Transfer)研究春玉米生长过程,旨在组建该区土壤、 气象、 作物品种的DSSAT模型数据库,验证和评估DSSAT模型在黄土丘陵沟壑地区的适用性,为模型在黄土丘陵沟壑地区的应用奠定基础。【方法】研究主要基于陕西安塞农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站2002、 2003、 2005年春玉米田间试验结果,采用DSSAT4.5内嵌的GLUE(Generalized Likelihood Uncertainty Estimation)软件,结合2002、 2003、 2005三年CK处理的大田试验数据运行GLUE软件3000次,对黄土高原丘陵沟壑区玉米品种沈单10 进行参数率定,然后运行DSSAT4.5中的CERES-Maize模型对其他处理条件下的春玉米生育期、 产量、 生物量进行模拟,并结合田间实测数据进行对比验证,对模型参数的适用性进行评价,从而评价CERES-Maize模型在该区春玉米种植中的适用性。【结果】 1)2002年和2005年对春玉米生育时期的模拟误差均在3天以内,产量模拟的归一化的均方根误差(n-RMSE)和平均相对误差(MRE)均小于10%,生物量模拟的误差稍大,但均在可接受范围内。2)2003年模拟的生育期时间和春玉米实测生育期时间基本吻合,唯独出苗日期相差较大,为9天;产量模拟的n-RMSE和MRE分别为6.47%和5.03%;地上生物量模拟误差稍大,模拟结果的n-RMSE和MRE分别为31.81%和30.21%。【结论】在正常降雨条件的情况下(2002年和2005年),CERES-Maize模型能够较好的模拟黄土高原丘陵沟壑区春玉米的生长过程、 地上部分生物量以及收获产量;在降雨较少的年份(2003年),模型对作物生产实际情况的再现能力相对变弱,因此CERES-Maize模型还不能很好的模拟干旱年份下作物的生长过程。     

应用乳化剂改善速冻春卷皮加工特性及感官品质

为研究乳化剂在速冻春卷皮中应用的可行性及效果,该文利用黏度计、质构仪等研究了单甘脂、硬脂酰乳酸钠、蔗糖酯、双乙酰酒石酸单(双)甘油酯和卵磷脂5种乳化剂对冻藏春卷皮的面浆黏度、失水率、力学特性及感官品质的影响。结果表明,这5种乳化剂在速冻春卷皮中的适宜添加量分别为0.3%、0.2%、0.3%、0.3%、0.2%。乳化剂的添加可使冻藏春卷皮的面浆黏度变得更加稳定;单甘酯可降低春卷皮中的水分的散失,从而能显著延缓春卷皮硬度和拉伸性能在冻藏过程中的劣变(P0.01);蔗糖酯和双乙酰酒石酸单(双)甘油酯也能明显提高春卷皮的保水性(P0.05);乳化剂的添加也在不同程度改善了速冻春卷皮的力学特性;同时,配料中添加0.3%单甘酯可以显著改善春卷皮的表皮色泽、外部形状和炸制熟化均匀度,且不会对滋味和香味产生不良影响。因此,乳化剂在春卷皮中的应用可以在一定的程度上改善速冻春卷皮的品质,但不同的乳化剂的作用效果有所差异。研究结果为乳化剂能在速冻春卷中被广泛地应用提供理论基础。     

华北地区滴灌灌水频率对春玉米生长和农田土壤水热分布的影响

针对华北地区春玉米田间灌溉和降雨相结合的灌溉模式,以北京为典型试验区,在保证作物最优土壤水分下限和灌溉定额相同的基础上,研究了滴灌灌水频率对土壤水、热分布及春玉米根系分布和产量的影响.试验结果表明:在春玉米抽雄期以前阶段实施的滴灌各处理中,高频滴灌下土壤平均含水率和不同深度处的土壤基质势波动幅度较小,高频滴灌下土壤水分能保持在一个比较稳定的范围;土壤温度受灌水过程、土壤含水率及作物生育阶段的影响较明显,滴灌能显著延迟气温对土壤温度的影响:灌水频率对春玉米根系分布存在一定影响,高频灌溉能显著促进春玉米根系在上层土壤(0～40 cm)中的分布;此外,在这种典型的灌溉和降雨相结合灌溉模式下,不同灌水频率下玉米产量差异不显著.因此,建议华北地区春玉米滴灌模式采用低频滴灌.     

Effects of alternative tillage systems on soil quality and yield of spring cereals on silty clay loam and sandy loam soils in the cool, wet climate of central Norway

Tillage trials were established on a poorly drained silty loam overlying silty clay loam and on a freely drained sandy loam overlying medium sand, in 1988 and 1989, respectively. Autumn and spring ploughing and two ploughless systems were compared for 12–13 years, with three replications at each site. The ploughless treatments comprised deep versus shallow spring harrowing until 1999, and thereafter autumn plus spring harrowing versus spring harrowing only. In 6 years, treatments with and without fungal spraying of the cereal crops were included. In other years, fungicides were not used. Perennial weeds were controlled by herbicides as necessary, on nine occasions up until 2001. Average spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) and spring oat (Avena sativa L.) yields were similar with spring ploughing as with autumn ploughing at both sites. In treatments without ploughing, average yields on the silty loam over clay were 93% of those obtained with ploughing, and on the sandy loam over sand they were 81%. Smaller and non-significant yield differences were found between spring harrowing versus deep spring harrowing, and between autumn plus spring harrowing versus spring harrowing only. Fungal spraying increased yields markedly at both sites (25%), but there was no significant interaction between this treatment and tillage system. Oat was compared with barley in 2 years, with oat performing better under ploughless tillage. At both sites increases in penetrometer resistance occurred in the topsoil of unploughed treatments. These were considered particularly limiting on the sandy loam. On the silty loam there was an increase in surface horizon porosity in the absence of ploughing, which was associated with an increase in topsoil organic matter content. On this soil there was also a tendency toward lower penetrometer resistance at >30 cm depth on autumn plus spring harrowed soil than on ploughed soil, indicating that the plough pan may have diminished. This was supported by observations of greater earthworm activity on unploughed soil. Soil chemical analyses revealed that mineral N and plant-available P and K accumulated in the upper horizon under ploughless tillage. The percentage yields obtained in individual years with autumn as opposed to spring ploughing, were positively correlated with air temperature during 0–4 weeks after planting on the silty loam, and with precipitation during 0–12 weeks after planting on the sandy loam. In the case of yields obtained with spring harrowing only, relative to spring ploughing, positive correlations were found with 0–4 week temperature on both soil types, suggesting that low early season temperatures may limit yields under ploughless tillage.     

秸秆与地膜覆盖春玉米和春小麦耕层土壤碳氮动态

采用田间试验研究了秸秆和地膜覆盖处理春玉米和春小麦生育期耕层土壤有机碳、全氮和硝态氮的动态变化。结果表明:秸秆覆盖处理明显提高了春玉米和春小麦生育期土壤有机碳含量,而地膜覆盖处理土壤有机碳含量呈下降趋势;灌溉同时降低了春小麦地膜覆盖处理土壤有机碳的降低幅度和秸秆覆盖处理土壤有机碳的增加幅度;秸秆和地膜覆盖处理土壤全氮与硝态氮含量在春玉米和春小麦生育期的动态变化都呈"增加-降低-增加"的趋势,但土壤全氮变化幅度较小,处理间差异不显著,而硝态氮变化剧烈,处理间差异达显著或极显著水平;灌溉对不同覆盖处理春小麦生育期土壤全氮含量影响较小,但灌溉显著降低了不同覆盖处理春小麦拔节期土壤硝态氮的增加幅度。     

Comparative response of spring and winter triticale productivity and bioethanol yield to fertilisation intensity

Grains of triticale are one of the feedstocks suitable for bioethanol production because they are characterised by high starch and low protein contents. In the present study, spring and winter triticale were comparatively studied to evaluate the influence of N fertilisation intensity on the productivity and bioethanol yield, as well as to assess the relationship between the meteorological factors and ethanol yield. Six treatments of N – 0, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180?kg?ha^?1 were compared in spring triticale and in winter triticale crops. The analysis of variance showed that nitrogen level (factor A), year (factor B) and their interaction (A × B) significantly (P?≤?.01) influenced grain yield, starch yield and bioethanol yield of both spring and winter triticale. Fertilisation was the main factor explaining 47.6% and 41.0% of the total variability of bioethanol yield of spring and winter triticale, respectively. Nitrogen fertiliser rates 120–180?kg?ha^?1 resulted in maximum bioethanol yield of spring triticale (2417–2480?l?ha^?1) and winter triticale (4311–4420?l?ha^?1). Bioethanol conversion efficiency of nitrogen-fertilised spring and winter triticale was similar 492?l?t^?1 and 508?l?^?1, respectively. Meteorological factors had a greater impact on grain productivity and bioethanol yield for winter triticale than for spring triticale. Both seasonal types of triticale could be good feedstocks for bioethanol production in the areas with congenial weather conditions for their cultivation.