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<正> 1994年在扇贝养殖中,昌黎及秦皇岛沿海各养殖区都有“黑壳病”发生,以昌黎沿海各养殖区更为严重,从而造成30~35%的5cm以上成贝死亡,导致减产。经取样观察,带病个体为2~6cm不等,大蒲河薛营等养殖场带病个体甚至占50%以上,严重影响了扇贝的正常生长和肥满度。1993年每笼产扇 相似文献
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水产养殖用水的臭氧杀菌 总被引:10,自引:2,他引:8
随着水产养殖业的发展.养殖鱼类因病原微生物引起疾病时有发生、对养殖业危害极大。各养殖设施除加强管理外.在饲育水及使用的各类器具上如何消除病原微生物已成一个重要课题。从排除带病采卵亲鱼开始.种卵消毒、养殖水杀菌、设施消毒等采取多种手段以防病原体的侵人。l养殖用水及排水的杀菌方法通过紫外线、臭氧杀菌装置对养殖用水杀菌、已在虹群、大马哈鱼等淡水养殖中广泛使用,取得了防病效果。近几年也使用紫外线、臭氧进行海水鱼的防病杀菌。鱼类饲青用水的杀菌方法有多种、其中紫外线或臭氧杀菌则是大量养殖水低成本杀菌的最佳方… 相似文献
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对虾白斑综合症病毒的形态分析和致病机理研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
WSSV在1992首次发现以来已成为对虾养殖业中最危险的传染源.在过去20年中,该病原已经曼延至整个对虾养殖区域并且造成了70多亿美元的损失.目前,生物防治方法主要是池塘和水体的消毒,避免带病原动物的进入和放养不带特定病原的虾苗,这些措施的结合使用提高了对虾养殖设施中的生物安全、有助于降低WSSV爆发的风险.虽然这些方法在试验条件下表现出一定的抗WSSV效果,但是养殖生产中却没有有效的治疗产品或策略来控制WSSV.人们通过测定不同株WSSV的序列和特征来确定其生物学,毒力和致病机理,对寻找有效控制WSSV的方法具有关键的作用. 相似文献
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正一、发病原因1.鱼池未经消毒,或消毒处理不严,或消毒药物失效。2.苗种放养密度过大,水质变坏,降低了鱼的抗病力。3.苗种期间投喂的浮游生物、水蚯蚓等活饵料未经消毒处理,带进了病原体;或者是因这些饵料的重金属离子含量超标等,鱼吃了大量这类活饵料而致病;或因饲料腐败变质,或因投饲不匀,或是施肥不当引发鱼病。4.鱼种的体质差,或在运输过程中受伤而病原体侵入,或苗种本身带病。5.苗种和工具未经消毒处理,带进了病原体。6.水源不良,或者是病死鱼的交叉重复感染。 相似文献
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关键种对生态系统结构和功能发挥了重要作用,其变化可以引起群落结构振荡和演替,导致生态系统功能紊乱乃至崩溃,因此,了解生态关键种的长期变化有助于解析整个生态系统演替过程。本研究基于莱州湾1959年、1982年、1993年、2003年和2015年春季(5月)底拖网渔业资源调查数据,构建了莱州湾春季鱼类群落食物网拓扑结构,分析了其关键种的长期变化。1959~2015年莱州湾鱼类食物网包含物种21~46个,摄食关系范围70~296个,食物网拓扑结构密度范围为0.155~0.300,种间关联度0.140~0.182,符合自然条件下群落种间摄食关系。1959~2015年莱州湾鱼类群落关键种如下:1959年为六丝矛尾虾虎鱼(Amblychaeturichthys hexanema)、花鲈(Lateolabrax japonicus)、蓝点马鲛(Scomberomorus niphonius)和黄(Lophius litulon),1982年为鳀(Engraulis japonicus)、黄和小黄鱼(Larimichthys polyactis),1993年为带鱼(Trichiurus lepturus)、鳀和蓝点马鲛,2003年为细纹狮子鱼(Liparis tanakae)、鳀和黄,2015年为细纹狮子鱼、大泷六线鱼(Hexagrammos otakii)和六丝矛尾虾虎鱼;关键种由经济价值较高的花鲈、小黄鱼和蓝点马鲛等演变为细纹狮子鱼、鳀和六丝矛尾虾虎鱼等经济价值较低的种类;同时,关键种的栖息环境也由中上层与底层生境(蓝点马鲛、花鲈、鳀等)演变为底层单一生境(细纹狮子鱼、大泷六线鱼和六丝矛尾虾虎鱼);关键种的这种更替导致食物网拓扑结构向简单化发展,在某种程度上也增加了鱼类群落结构脆弱性。 相似文献
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20 0 1年我们与河北水利厅合作 ,特聘请上海水产大学的专家对我们这里的三座水库进行资源调查 ,专家们认为小海子水库是天然的养蟹基地。这是一个浅碟型平原型水库 ,库底平坦 ,水草丰茂 ,枯水季节生长的水草可达水面 70 %左右 ,底部腐植淤泥层厚 15cm左右 ,水色呈绿褐色 ,透明度在5 0~ 80cm ,日照时间长 ,日照数波动在 12 2 7~2 74 8h ,年平均气温为 13 5℃ ,日平均气温变动在 - 4 7~ 2 8 2℃之间 ,库区最高气温 39 8℃ ,最低 - 13 8℃ ,月平均水温变化为 2 4~ 2 2 9℃之间 ,月平均最高水温在 7月和 8月 ,最低在 12月和 1月。由于水… 相似文献
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M. W. APRAHAMIAN P. HICKLEY B. A. SHIELDS G. W. MAWLE 《Fisheries Management and Ecology》2010,17(2):93-105
Abstract Inland fisheries in England and Wales have high economic and social values. Managing participation to maximise fishery performance is key to maintaining this status. The capital value of fishing rights for migratory salmonid fisheries is €165 million. Coarse fisheries contribute €1030 million to the economy. The central tenet to increasing participation in recreational salmonid fisheries is that an increase in stock size will result in more anglers accessing the fishery. This was examined for salmon on the rivers Usk and Lune where exploitation restrictions increased the number of salmon available to anglers. On the River Lune, the number of salmon available post‐intervention increased by 66%. There was no significant increase in catch while the number of anglers decreased by 16.3%. On the River Usk, the closure of the net fishery potentially resulted in an additional ~1200 salmon being available. Following closure, there was no significant change in rod catch or in the number of anglers. Increased participation is dependent less upon stock manipulation for coarse fisheries and more upon facilitating the activity. In recent years, urban fishery development programmes have provided improved access to local fishing opportunity. Also, new anglers have been targeted through campaigns such as Get Hooked on Fishing and the Scout Angler Badge. 相似文献
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为研究斑海豹生长规律,达到科学饲养的目的,对大连圣亚旅游控股股份有限公司豢养斑海豹进行体检,获取动物性别、年龄、体质量和体长等信息;通过SPSS 13.0软件对动物的生长曲线、体长-体质量关系和雌雄间生长差异进行分析。试验共获得30头豢养斑海豹的体检数据,雌性11头,雄性19头。统计分析发现:logistic、Gompertz和von Bertalanffy三种模型回归的斑海豹最大体长、体质量依次为167、170、171 cm和153、175、191 kg ;体质量-体长关系为(r2=0.908);研究还发现体长-年龄、体质量-体长间的相关关系模型能够较准确的反映斑海豹的生长规律,而体质量年龄模型准确度较差。控制年龄的协方差分析未发现雌雄斑海豹生长规律间的差异(体长:P >0.05;体质量:P >0.05)。 相似文献
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To validate the involvement of meiobenthos in cellulose breakdown in wetlands, meiobenthos were collected from sediments of
Lake Furen and the Biwase River in Hokkaido Prefecture, the Kako River in Hyogo Prefecture, and the Chinai River in Shiga
Prefecture. Cellulase activities of the meiobenthos were measured by cellulose zymographic analysis using sodium dodecyl sulfate
polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) gels containing 0.5% carboxymethyl cellulose. The results showed that most of
the Turbellaria, Nematoda, Harpacticoida, and Oligochaeta species exhibited cellulase activity. The molecular sizes of the
cellulase-active bands of the sediments in Lake Furen, the Biwase River, and the Chinai River coincided with those of meiobenthos.
The findings suggest that meiobenthos might play a major function in cellulose breakdown in these wetlands. This paper is
the first to report cellulase activity in meiobenthos and that they are possibly involved in the breakdown of cellulose in
wetlands. 相似文献
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César Salazar Marcela Jaime Yanina Figueroa Rodrigo Fuentes 《Aquaculture Economics & Management (Blackwell Science)》2018,22(2):151-167
In light of the current depletion of extractive marine resources and the sustainability issues that have arisen in the aquaculture industry, the small-scale aquaculture sector has emerged as a viable and sustainable alternative for generating income. To integrate the small-scale aquaculture sector into the food value chain, understanding the decision-making process to innovate becomes essential. This paper explores the factors underlying both innovation choices and intensity among small-scale aquaculture producers by utilizing exclusive census data from the small-scale aquaculture sector in Chile. The results indicate that education, secure property rights, internet access, participation in organizations, commercialization methods, government instruments, understanding of credit, and social learning promote innovation decisions. We also find that largest producers innovate in more areas, suggesting a role of size for both technological and non-technological innovations. 相似文献