Scarabaeidae (Euchirinae, Dynastinae, Glaphyrinae, Trichiinae)

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

水翁、海南蒲桃、蒲桃、洋蒲桃

水翁(水泱)桃金娘科常绿乔木,高10~16m。枝下高2~4m,树皮厚,灰褐色,嫩枝压扁或近四棱形;树冠圆形。叶对生,薄革质,长圆形至椭圆形,长8~12cm,宽4~8cm,     

Carabidae (Insecta,Coleoptera) im Kulturland des Innsbrucker Mittelgebirges (900 m NN,Nordtirol, Österreich)

Activity and distribution of Carabidae were studied in montane field habitats near Innsbruck mainly in 1974–1976. Catches by water traps were almost negligible, but contained some species foraging also in the field layer (e. g.Amara, Dromius). Results with pitfall traps (52spp., ca. 3,150 specimens) on spccies composition and seasonal occurrence. fit well with the literature on Carabidae in agricultural and meadow habitats in lower regions of mid-Europe, esp. Germany. Nevertheless, these are strong differences in dominance values. The montane fields studied show a striking difference in faunal composition against the nearby forest, with strong interrelations between the sites themselves. Carabid diversity was low in a meadow, though rather stabile in four years of observation, and highest in a crop field.     

Parasitoid complex of Phyllonorycter robiniella (Clemens, 1859) (Lepidoptera, Gracillariidae) in Serbia

In a study of the parasitoid complex of the locust leaf miner Phyllonorycter robiniella (Clemens, 1859), 23 species of its parasitoids were recorded at 18 localities in Serbia. The parasitoid species included 2 species of the family Braconidae, 1 of the family Eupelmidae, and 20 of the family Eulophidae. The recorded species of parasitoids are polyphagous; in addition to Ph. robiniella, they also develop on other species of leaf miners as primary; primary and secondary; or primary, secondary, and tertiary parasitoids. Among the recorded species of parasitoids, the most significant were the species Pholetesor bicolor, Pholetesor nanus, Sympiesis sericeicornis, Sympiesis acalle, Minotetrastichus frontalis, Pediobius saulius, and Baryscapus nigroviolaceus. The parasitoids were found to have a strong effect on the abundance of Ph. robiniella because they reduced more than 50% of its larvae and pupae in the majority of study samples.     

Ethnopharmacology of ogliastra (villagrande strisaili, sardinia, Italy)

The use of medicinal and aromatic plants was investigated in a group of 200 elderly people (60-104-year-old) from Villagrande Strisaili (Ogliastra, Sardinia, Italy), recording the use of 78 species for the treatment of various ailments, especially of the respiratory tract, the mouth, and the skin. Seventeen plants had never been described as medicinal species in peninsular Italy, while a few others turn out to have an original use for Sardinia.     

Experimentelle Infektion von Pityogenes chalcographus L. (Coleoptera,Scolytidae) durch Malamoeba scolyti Purrini (Amoebina,Amoebidae) und Menzbieria chalcographi Weiser (Neogregarina,Ophryocystidae)

Experimental infection of differentPitygenes chalcographus strains with the protozoan parasitesMalamoeba scolyti andMenzbieria chalcographi were partially successful.Malamoeba, although not yet described as a parasite ofPityogenes in the field, seems better adapted to this new host thanMenzbieria. The development of the two pathogens is comparatively described. Preliminary results on mortality in infected and uninfected samples indicate an influence of nematode infection on susceptibility ofPityogenes toMenzbieria andMalamoeba and strain-specific differences in sensitivity to protozoan infection, as well.     

东莞茶山南社村

南社村位于广东省东莞市茶山镇东部,距离东莞市区约15 km。原名"南畲村",因为村名忌讳"畲"与"蛇"同音,而以"社"代替了"畲"。南社村始建于南宋末年,迄今已有800多年历史。初为戚、席、麦、陈、王诸姓聚居的小村。后因战乱,谢氏先人尚仁公徙居于此,经数代繁衍发展,至清末时,南社村除其他几户他姓外,全部是谢氏人口,建成以谢姓为主的村庄。     

Cymolomia hartigiana (Saxesen, 1840) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) attacking toAbies nephrolepis max. new to Daxing'anling, Heilongjiang, China

An Olethreutine speciesCymolomia hartigiana (Saxesen, 1840), attacking toAbies nephrolepis Max., is reported for the first time from Daxing'anling, Heilongjiang, China. The morphological characteristics are briefly re-described with illustrations. Also its damage and biology are noted. Foundation item: This study was carried out under the financial support by KOSEF (Korea Science & Engineering Foundation) with the program of “Korea and China Young Scientist Exchange Program” (2002–2003). Biography: *BYUN Bong-Kya (1963-), male, Ph.D., Researcher in Korea National Arboretum, Korea. Responsible editor: Chai Ruihai     

Inhibitory factors ofArgas (Argas) reflexus (Fab.) (Acari,Argasidae) larvae development

The eggs ofArgas reflexus were splashed with the LiCl and Na₂Cr₂O₇ saturated solutions on the 2nd day after laying and were kept at 25° C and 30% RH.Both examined chemical compounds caused great disturbances in embryogenesis ofArgas reflexus. Under influence of Na₂Cr₂O₇ 24.8% eggs died. The LiCl solution appeared to be more harmful on larvae development. 21.8% dead eggs, 11.6% dead embryos, and 8.9% larvae hatched abnormally were observed in these experiments

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Zusammenfassung Hemmende Faktoren bei der Embryonalentwicklung vonArgas (Argas) reflexus (Fab.) (Acari, Argasidae)Die Eier vonArgas reflexus wurden am 2. Tag der Embryonalentwicklung bei 25° C und 30% r. L. der. Wirkung gesättigter Lösungen von LiCl und Na₂Cr₂O₇ unterzogen.Beide chemischen Verbindungen verursachten große Störungen der Embryogenesis vonArgas reflexus. Unter dem Einfluß von Na₂Cr₂O₇ starben 24.8% der Eier ab. LiCl erwies sich als schädlicher für die Embryonalentwicklung dieser Zeckenart als Na₂Cr₂O₇.Bei den Experimenten mit LiCl wurden 21.8% Eier, 11.6% Embryos und 8.9% (abnormal geschlüpfte) Larven getötet.

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With one table     

Invasion der Amerikanischen Büffelzikade (Stictocephala bisonia Kopp undYonke, 1977) nach Österreich (Homoptera,Auchenorrhyncha, Membracidae)

In 1912Stictocephala bisonia has been introduced to eastern central Europe. From there this species has occupied the southern peninsolas of Europe in the last eighty years. Investigations of the author and his colleagues have registered this treehopper in N-Italy (Trentino and South Tyrol) and in E-Austria since 1986 to 1990. It is shown, that the species is wandering along moist woods of rivers and seas, also along the ruderal-vegetation of main streets and lines of railways to E-Austria and Northern Tyrol. Till now there are known no severe damages by this treehopper on host plants which are important for man in Austria.     

Über die Rotgelbe Tomatenmilbe,Aculops lycopersici (Massee) (Acari,Eriophyidae) in Ägypten

Occurence ofAculops lycopersici and its predators as well as the biological aspects of this pest were studied. The mite was reared on excised leaves ofSolanum nigrum L. in the laboratory at 25±1 °C and R. H. 70%. Duration periods of immatures and longevity of the adult were determined.     

Parasitoid complex (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) of Aphis craccivora Koch (Hemiptera: Aphidoidea) in Iran

The parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, Aphidiinae) of the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch, were investigated throughout two far distant provinces, Tehran and Sistan-Baluchestan. Colonies of the cowpea aphid were collected from different host plants and reared under laboratory conditions until the parasitoids emerged. The aphids were parasitized by an expected range of parasitoids. The species were Aphidius colemani Viereck, Lysiphlebus fabarum (Marshall), Lysiphlebus confusus Tremblay and Eady, Lysiphlebus testaceipes (Cresson), Binodoxys acalephae (Marshall), Binodoxys angelicae (Haliday), Praon volucre (Haliday) and Ephedrus persicae Froggatt. L. testaceipes is reported here for the first time in Iran. The most common species was L. fabarum followed by B. acalephae and L. confusus. A key is provided for identification and host plant associations are considered.     

Preventing establishment of exotic shrubs (Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link. and Cytisus striatus (Hill)) with soil active herbicides (hexazinone,sulfometuron, and metsulfuron)

A greenhouse study was conducted evaluating the potential for commonlyused forestry herbicides to control germination success of Scotch broom(Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link.) and Portuguese broom(Cytisus striatus (Hill). Three herbicides, hexazinone,sulfometuron and metsulfuron, were evaluated at six rates encompassing normalrates used for herbaceous weed control. The data suggest that these herbicidesapplied prior to establishment can strongly affect seedling establishment ofthese species even though they are ineffective on mature individuals.Hexazinonestrongly affected both the final weight of surviving seedlings and theprobability of seedlings from broom species to survive to week nine.Sulfometuron had no effect on survival probability of either species butreducedfinal dry weight and delayed true leaf development at increased rates.Metsulfuron reduced the survivorship potential of Scotch broom but notPortugesebroom. Final dry weight decreased and development of true leaves was delayedforboth species treated with metsulfuron. These results suggest that preemergencetreatments with hexazinone may provide an effective method of preventing broomestablishment. Sulfometuron and metsulfuron were not as effective at preventingsuccessful establishment as hexazinone.