Strong relationships between levels of puerulus settlement and recruited stock abundance in the red rock lobster (Jasus edwardsii) in New Zealand

Any demonstrable relationship between levels of settlement and subsequent strength of recruitment to the fishery is of great interest to the managers of rock lobster fisheries. A project to estimate levels of settlement of the puerulus stage of the red rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii, on crevice collectors around the main rock lobster fishing shores of New Zealand has been in place for more than quarter of a century, with considerable temporal variation but also strong temporal and spatial consistencies in settlement. There are significant correlations between settlement level and the fishery catch per unit effort (CPUE) response for most fishery areas, at time lags between settlement and recruitment consistent with what is known of juvenile growth rates. There are also significant correlations when more than one settlement year is correlated against each year of CPUE, to account for variable growth rates between individual lobsters. There was no concurrence between field and fishery model estimates of recruitment for the three fishery areas with sufficient data, revealing a different interpretation of annual rates of recruitment to the fishery between the two approaches. The reasons for the discrepancy are unclear, but one possibility is that the model estimates of recruitment are poor.     

Recruitment abundance index of Pacific bluefin tuna using fisheries data on juveniles

ABSTRACT:   The recruitment abundance index of Pacific bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis was estimated from 1980 to 2003 fishing year by using the troll fishery data in Nagasaki Prefecture, western Japan. It has been shown that the troll fishery in Nagasaki Prefecture operates with good time–area coverage of the species habitat, and that the fishing power slightly changed during the period analyzed, based on fisheries statistics, published information, and interviews with the fishers. Average catch per unit effort (CPUEs) were standardized by a generalized linear model (GLM) considering the effects of fishing year, season and landing area. Standardized CPUE of age-0 bluefin tuna showed larger fluctuations year by year than the nominal CPUE combined for all ages. High CPUEs in fishing years of 1981, 1994, 1996 and 1999 were observed. Data from these years agreed with the higher recruitments estimated by virtual population analysis (VPA) or higher catch of age-0 fish reported for the Pacific side. The age-specific standardized CPUE of age-0 bluefin tuna in this study was judged to be a useful indicator of recruitment.     

Voluntary angler logbooks reveal long‐term changes in a lentic pike,Esox lucius,population

Sixty‐two years of voluntarily collected angling logbook data from a large natural Danish lake were used to study variation in pike, Esox lucius L., CPUE (catch per unit effort), expressed as no. of captured pike per boat trip, as an index of stock size. Pike CPUE was positively related to pike release rate by anglers and negatively affected by certain commercial fishers. The stocking of young‐of‐the‐year pike and a fishery‐dependent index of perch, Perca fluviatilis L., abundance (which may be pike prey or predator depending on size) did not correlate with pike CPUE. Analyses of the size distribution of pike, based on sizes of annual record trophy pike captured by anglers, confirmed the negative impact of commercial pike fishing and revealed a positive influence of air temperature. It is concluded that high‐quality angler logbooks that record effort and catch can be a cost‐effective tool to inform lake fisheries management by revealing long‐term population trends. Further, state space modelling, a statistical technique not yet seen in recreational fisheries science, is recommended as a tool to model proxies for population dynamics from angler logbook data.     

南极磷虾渔业CPUE及其丰度估算适用性

作为一种衡量渔业资源丰度变化的指标,CPUE常用于多种渔业资源评估。南极磷虾作为一种集群性的生物资源,其资源存在着较为明显的时空变化特征,加之该物种本身所具有的特殊性以及渔业特点,这也使得采用CPUE作为衡量该资源丰度指标的有效性存在着较大的不确定性。为此,本实验详细介绍了4种南极磷虾渔业CPUE的常用估算方法,并总结了这些方法所具有的特点、优势以及劣势,在此基础上从时空尺度和环境影响因素等方面对南极磷虾渔业CPUE估算的影响进行了分析。最后,实验就CPUE作为评估南极磷虾资源丰度的适用性及可行性进行了探讨。近年来,南极磷虾渔业日益受到全球的关注,但如何将渔业调查数据纳入到南极磷虾资源评估当中,一直未得到统一的结论,从而导致基于生态系统的南极磷虾渔业管理进展缓慢,本研究结果可为更好地开展南极磷虾资源评估和丰度估算提供思路。     

Inter‐ and intra‐specific interactions affecting crustacean trap fisheries—Implications for management

The UK coastal trap fisheries target two key species, European lobster Homarus gammarus (L.) and brown crab Cancer pagurus L. Their stock status is assessed periodically using size‐based, yield‐per‐recruit analysis. Fishery trends are described using landings and, where available, effort data to estimate catch per unit of effort (CPUE), nominally proportional to abundance. Despite being caught together, assessments assume that concurrent capture of these species does not distort their individual CPUE estimates. Here, an in situ experiment tested impacts of inter‐specific and intra‐specific interactions by pre‐loading baited traps with different species and observing subsequent catches. Pre‐loaded European lobster significantly reduced brown crab catches, whereas, other species produced no such effects. The findings highlight the likely inconsistency of using CPUE as an index of abundance if landings data originate from a mixed‐species fishery in which species interactions and targeting behaviour of fishers are unknown or un‐quantified.     

The commercial exploitation of a protected anadromous species,the river lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis (L.)), in the tidal River Ouse,north‐east England

• 1. Throughout Europe, populations of anadromous fish and lampreys have declined over the past centuries due to human activities. River lamprey Lampetra fluviatilis are representative of such species and are listed in international conservation agreements.
• 2. Historic (1908–09 to 1913–14) and modern (1995–96 to 2003–04) data were available on commercial catches of river lampreys in the tidal Ouse, north‐east England. During 2003–04, additional traps were operated by the University of Durham, downstream of the commercial fishery.
• 3. Catch per unit effort (CPUE) in the modern commercial fishery showed considerable variation between fishing seasons, ranging from a median CPUE of 0.5 lampreys per trap per day in 2000–01 to a median of 22.3 lampreys per trap per day in 2003–04.
• 4. The estimated catch of adult river lampreys each season in the historic fishery ranged between 25 500 (1913–14) and 54 500 (1910–11). Recent catches tended to be smaller, with a minimum catch of 9083 lampreys (2000–01) and a maximum of 30 992 lampreys (2003–04).
• 5. CPUE increased with discharge, up to a point above which CPUE declined with further increase in discharge. Migratory activity may be reduced at high flows and not stimulated at low flows, although the fishing efficiency of the traps themselves was probably reduced during high flows.
• 6. Samples of river lampreys caught in the university's traps were marked and released. Based upon the number of recaptures, the absolute minimum relative exploitation level of the commercial traps, over the whole fishing season, was estimated as 9.9%. The effect of such a reduction in the spawning population upon future recruitment is at present unknown.
• 7. The population of river lampreys in the tidal Ouse is potentially threatened by an unregulated increase in fishing effort. Current legislation needs to be modified to allow effective fishery management.

Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

北部湾二长棘犁齿鲷的时空分布特征

二长棘犁齿鲷(Evynnis cardinalis)作为北部湾主要经济鱼类之一,长久以来受过度捕捞的影响,其资源量发生较大波动,将对渔业生产和种群结构有较大影响。文章根据2014年~2015年近海渔业资源调查资料,应用生物量和个体数单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE)综合分析该鱼种资源的季节变化和空间分布。结果表明该鱼种广泛分布于北部湾中国管辖海域内,四季的出现率均在86%以上。生物量和个体数CPUE有明显的季节变化,均表现为最高值在夏季(平均值分别为7.3 kg·h~(-1)和240.83尾·h~(-1)),而冬季最低(平均值分别为1.76 kg·h~(-1)和21.94尾·h~(-1))。从空间分布看,生物量和个体数CPUE高值区主要分布于北部湾20°N以北海域,而低值区则处于海南岛西部海域。近年来在该海域实施的资源养护措施已取得初步成效,相比于20世纪90年代,二长棘犁齿鲷的资源量有所恢复。但二长棘犁齿鲷生物学特征分析结果表明,体长200 mm或体质量80 g以上的群体比重总体偏低,种群低龄化和小型化问题仍较为严峻,需采取新的管理措施(增大最小网目和开捕体长),以降低捕捞强度,改善种群结构。     

不同气候模态下西北太平洋柔鱼冬春生群资源时空分布变化研究

柔鱼(Ommastrephes bartramii)是大洋性短生命周期物种,其生活史和生物量受环境和气候因子影响明显。基于2004—2015年西北太平洋柔鱼渔捞日志、海表面温度(Sea surface temperature,SST)、叶绿素(Chlorophyll a,Chl a)浓度及太平洋年代际震荡(Pacific decadal oscillation,PDO)数据,利用空间自相关统计方法、热点分析和小波分析法研究PDO冷期与暖期两种气候模态下西北太平洋柔鱼渔场的时空变化。结果表明,PDO指数(Pacific Decadal Oscillation Index,PDOI)与柔鱼单位捕捞努力量渔获量(Catch per unit effort,CPUE)呈正相关,且CPUE滞后PDO 8个月(R2=0.548,P<0.05),CPUE与PDO指数的共轭周期为2~4个月。不同气候模态下的渔场热点分布特征为,暖期时渔场重心向高纬方向分布较为明显,空间上的集聚性强;冷期时向低纬分布较为明显,空间上的集聚性相对较差。PDO冷暖时期对西北柔鱼时空分布影响显著,该研究对柔鱼资源的可持续开发具有一定的科学意义。     

Assessment of catch, effort and species changes in the pair-trawl fishery of southern Lake Malawi, Malawi, Africa

Abstract  Catch per unit effort (CPUE) and species composition in the pair-trawl fishery in commercial Area A of southern Lake Malawi were assessed from 1991 to 2001. CPUE declined from 1.7 t day⁻¹ in 1995 to 0.5 t day⁻¹ in 2001 and the fishery is considered depleted. In 2000/2002, catch composition differed significantly from a 1991 survey, and was dominated by haplochromine cichlids (92% by weight). Of 98 haplochromine cichlid taxa identified in the catch, 18 contributed ≥1% by weight. The artisanal fishery targeted similar species of a similar size. It was recommended that: (1) renewed investment and increased effort in the pair-trawl fishery is not advisable; (2) there was a need for effort limitation in Area A and (3) the pair-trawl fishery should not be managed in isolation of the artisanal fishery.     

Temporal dynamic and economic valuation of recreational fisheries of the lower Cuiabá River,Brazilian Pantanal

Fisheries are the most common ecosystem service that fish provide to human populations, yet recreational fisheries are often overlooked when evaluating such services. Here, the socioeconomic profiles of fishers, the composition of their catches and catch per unit effort (CPUE) are described, to estimate the economic value of the recreational fishery on a stretch of the Cuiabá River in the Brazilian Pantanal. Questionnaires were used to obtain socioeconomic information and fishing yield from fishers for 2013 and 2014. Additionally, a census on the number of fishers and fishing platforms along the sampled region was conducted in 2018. This recreational fishery mostly involves middle class adult males, based mostly in the Cuiabá city metropolitan region. They invested, on average, US$41.1 (SD = US$16.5, median = $35.2) per fishing visit, catching around 19 fish species. Overall, mean CPUE from the recreational fishery was 42.20 fish/fisher.day (17.4 kg/fisher/day). Annual economic value of this recreational fishery was estimated at around US$1.8 million, which highlights the importance of this activity to the local economy. Greater environmental conservation efforts are recommend to ensure the long-term viability of this ecosystem service.     

Environmental influences on Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) catch per unit effort in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence

The Atlantic bluefin tuna (Thunnus thynnus) population in the western Atlantic supports substantial commercial and recreational fisheries. Despite quota establishment and management under the auspices of the International Commission for the Conservation of Atlantic Tunas, only small increases in population growth have been estimated. In contrast to other western bluefin tuna fisheries indices, contemporary estimates of catch per unit effort (CPUE) in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence have increased rapidly and are at record highs. This area is characterized by the Cold Intermediate Layer (CIL) that is defined by waters <3°C and located at depths of 30–40 m in September. We investigated the influence of several in situ environmental variables on the bluefin tuna fishery CPUE using delta‐lognormal modelling and relatively extensive and consistent oceanographic survey data, as well as dockside monitoring and mandatory logbook data associated with the fishery. Although there is considerable spatial and temporal variation of water mass characteristics, the amount of available habitat in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence (assuming a > 3°C thermal ambit) for bluefin tuna has been increasing. The percentage of the water column occupied by the CIL was a significant environmental variable in the standardization of CPUE estimates. There was also a negative relationship between the spatial extents of the CIL and the fishery. Properties of the CIL account for variation in the bluefin tuna CPUE and may be a factor in determining the amount of available feeding habitat for bluefin tuna in the southern Gulf of St. Lawrence.     

Application of a habitat-based model to estimate effective longline fishing effort and relative abundance of Pacific bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus)

A new habitat‐based model is developed to improve estimates of relative abundance of Pacific bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus). The model provides estimates of `effective' longline effort and therefore better estimates of catch‐per‐unit‐of‐effort (CPUE) by incorporating information on the variation in longline fishing depth and depth of bigeye tuna preferred habitat. The essential elements in the model are: (1) estimation of the depth distribution of the longline gear, using information on gear configuration and ocean currents; (2) estimation of the depth distribution of bigeye tuna, based on habitat preference and oceanographic data; (3) estimation of effective longline effort, using fine‐scale Japanese longline fishery data; and (4) aggregation of catch and effective effort over appropriate spatial zones to produce revised time series of CPUE. Model results indicate that effective effort has increased in both the western and central Pacific Ocean (WCPO) and eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO). In the WCPO, effective effort increased by 43% from the late 1960s to the late 1980s due primarily to the increased effectiveness of effort (deeper longline sets) rather than to increased nominal effort. Over the same period, effective effort increased 250% in the EPO due primarily to increased nominal effort. Nominal and standardized CPUE indices in the EPO show similar trends – a decline during the 1960s, a period of stability in the 1970s, high values during 1985–1986 and a decline thereafter. In the WCPO, nominal CPUE is stable over the time‐series; however, standardized CPUE has declined by ～50%. If estimates of standardized CPUE accurately reflect relative abundance, then we have documented substantial reductions of bigeye tuna abundance for some regions in the Pacific Ocean. A decline in standardized CPUE in the subtropical gyres concurrent with stability in equatorial areas may represent a contraction in the range of the population resulting from a decline in population abundance. The sensitivity of the results to the habitat (temperature and oxygen) assumptions was tested using Monte Carlo simulations.     

A nonlinear,low data requirement model for producing spatially explicit fishery forecasts

Spatial variability can confound accurate estimates of catch per unit effort (CPUE), especially in highly migratory species. The incorporation of spatial structure into fishery stock assessment models should ultimately improve forecasts of stock biomass. Here, we describe a nonlinear time series model for producing spatially explicit forecasts of CPUE that does not require ancillary environmental or demographic data, or specification of a model functional form. We demonstrate this method using spatially resolved (1° × 1° cells) CPUE time series of North Pacific albacore in the California Current System. The spatial model is highly significant (P < 0.00001) and outperforms two spatial null models. We then create a spatial forecast map for years beyond the range of data. Such approaches can guide spatial management of resources and provide a complement to more data‐intensive, highly parameterized population dynamics and ecosystem models currently in use.     

西北太平洋灯光围网主要渔获物组成及渔场变动研究

西北太平洋公海灯光围网渔业是中国近年新兴的一种远洋渔业,具有一定开发潜力,掌握灯光围网的渔获物组成及渔场变动情况对于西北太平洋的渔业管理和开发具有一定意义.文章根据2014—2019年西北太平洋公海灯光围网渔业统计资料,对渔获量、单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE)以及主要的渔获物组成进行统计分析,同时采用渔获量重心法和聚...     

A transdisciplinary research of coastal fisheries co-management: the case of the hairtail <Emphasis Type="Italic">Trichiurus japonicus</Emphasis> trolling line fishery around the Bungo Channel,Japan

Under the coastal fisheries co-management regime in Japan, local fishers play important roles in deciding on and implementing local management measures. Therefore, using the case study of a hairtail trolling line fishery, we conducted a transdisciplinary research with fishers, processors, government officers, etc. Taking social and biological factors into account, we defined management criteria and targets (resource, economic, human community, and local food culture) in collaboration with local fishers. We chartered local fishing vessels to determine parameters that were easily understood by local fishers. We established a local consultative committee comprising fishers, processors, and distributors, and developed a fish distribution strategy to nurture the local hairtail food culture. The integrated effects of various management scenarios were evaluated by the operating model. We found that co-ordinated management by both the trolling line fishery and purse seiners in the neighbouring prefecture was required to achieve targets. Two realistic scenarios are recommended: a conservative scenario that could achieve targets even with few strong year classes, and an adaptive scenario that protects strong year classes, but relies on a higher frequency of these. We shared these results with the local fishers and government officers, which led to actual improvements in management measures.     

Combining fishers’ knowledge and cost‐effective monitoring tools in the management of marine recreational fisheries: A case study of the squid and cuttlefish fishery of the Ría of Vigo (NW Spain)

A new methodology based in the use of fishers’ knowledge and cost‐effective tools to obtain information about marine recreational fisheries (MRF) is presented. The squid and cuttlefish fishery of the Ría of Vigo (NW Spain) was selected because it is managed in a data‐poor environment. In‐depth interviews (57) were conducted with fishers, collecting ecological and socio‐economic information. A cartography of fishing grounds based on their knowledge was obtained, while the intensity of effort and catches was mapped by the monitoring of two vessels with low‐cost GPS data loggers. The 102 shore anglers and 248 recreational boats catch 8 t/year of European squid Loligo vulgaris and 11 t/year of common cuttlefish Sepia officinalis (11% of total catches on these species in the area). Shore anglers fish from 11 ports, while boat fishers use 14 fishing grounds (covering 30 km²). Most of the catches (86%) are landed by boats, and their CPUE is higher in the outer part of the Ría of Vigo. The use of fishers’ knowledge and cost‐effective monitoring is encouraged to obtain information for the management of MRF. Given the economic contribution of MRF (260,000 €/year in direct expenses), this activity should be considered in the regulations.     

秘鲁沿岸秘鲁鳀渔场及渔汛分析

秘鲁鳀(Engraulis ringens)是栖息于东南太平洋沿岸的小型中上层鱼类,了解秘鲁鳀渔场和渔汛的状况有助于渔情预报工作的开展进而实现资源的合理利用。利用2005~2014年秘鲁各港口的上岸量数据,以上岸量(landings)、总捕捞努力量(fishing effort)和单位捕捞努力量渔获量(CPUE)为指标分析秘鲁鳀渔场分布及渔汛;结合二因素方差分析(two-factor analysis of variance)探究渔场月份和纬度上的显著性差异;利用分位数的方法,找出各年的旺汛时间。研究表明,每年的4~6月和11~12月为秘鲁鳀的主汛期;主要的捕捞区域分布在7°S~13°S;渔汛的前中期,上岸量和捕捞努力量有着明显的年间差异,而CPUE在渔汛后期年间差异明显。方差分析表明,不同月份和不同纬度对捕捞努力量[ln(effort+1)]有极显著的影响(P0.01);5月为一年中最主要的捕捞阶段。旺汛期分析表明,第一渔汛阶段的旺汛一般在5月出现,而第二渔汛阶段的旺汛一般在11月出现。研究结果有助于对秘鲁沿岸秘鲁鳀渔场及渔汛的认识。     

Application of support vector regression to CPUE analysis for southern bluefin tuna Thunnus maccoyii,and its comparison with conventional methods

This paper describes the catch per unit effort (CPUE) standardization using three models for data mining (support vector regression, neural network and tree regression model) and two conventional statistical methods (analysis of variance and generalized linear model) using the actual fishery data for southern bluefin tuna Thunnus maccoyii. Statistical performances of these five models were compared based on mean square error, mean absolute error and three correlation coefficients, which are measured by the difference between the observed and the corresponding predicted values. As a result, the performance of support vector regression is equivalent to (or better than) that of neural networks, and these two models are superior to the tree regression model, analysis of variance, and generalized linear model based on CPUE analyses of actual fishery data for southern bluefin tuna. We suggest a simple method for factorial analysis to extract the CPUE year trend based on the predicted values obtained from these data mining models. This method is expected to contribute markedly to reduce the difficulty of estimating the CPUE year trends by these models for data mining and should be applied to CPUE analyses because of its ease of use, general versatility and high performance .     

Inherent bias in using aggregate CPUE to characterize abundance of fish species assemblages

We have analyzed the practice of assessing an assemblage of fish species in a multispecies fishery on the basis of aggregate catch per unit effort (CPUE), which is the summed catch of all species per unit of effort. We show that at the onset of fishing or of a large positive or negative change in fishing effort, aggregate CPUE will be hyper-responsive, that is, relative change of aggregate CPUE will be greater than that of aggregate abundance. We also show that as the fishery reaches equilibrium, the aggregate CPUE in most circumstances will continue to be hyper-responsive, with a greater relative change from its value at the start than the aggregate abundance. However, there are less likely circumstances in which the aggregate CPUE will be hyper-stable compared to aggregate abundance. The circumstances leading to hyper-responsiveness or hyper-stability depend on the distribution of productivity and fishery vulnerability parameters among the species in the aggregation.     

Multicriteria estimate of coral reef fishery sustainability

A holistic basis for achieving ecosystem‐based management is needed to counter the continuing degradation of coral reefs. The high variation in recovery rates of fish, corresponding to fisheries yields, and the ecological complexity of coral reefs have challenged efforts to estimate fisheries sustainability. Yet, estimating stable yields can be determined when biomass, recovery, changes in per area yields and ecological change are evaluated together. Long‐term rates of change in yields and fishable biomass‐yield ratios have been the key missing variables for most coral reef assessments. Calibrating a fishery yield model using independently collected fishable biomass and recovery data produced large confidence intervals driven by high variability in biomass recovery rates that precluded accurate or universal yields for coral reefs. To test the model's predictions, I present changes in Kenyan reef fisheries for >20 years. Here, exceeding yields above 6 tonnes km^?2 year^?1 when fishable biomass was ~20 tonnes/km² (~20% of unfished biomass) resulted in a >2.4% annual decline. Therefore, rates of decline fit the mean settings well and model predictions may therefore be used as a benchmark in reefs with mean recovery rates (i.e. r = 0.20–0.25). The mean model settings indicate a maximum sustained yield (MSY) of ~6 tonnes km^?2 year^?1 when fishable biomass was ~50 tonnes/km². Variable reported recovery rates indicate that high sustainable yields will depend greatly on maintaining these rates, which can be reduced if productivity declines and management of stocks and functional diversity are ineffective. A number of ecological state‐yield trade‐off occurs as abrupt ecological changes prior to biomass levels that produce MSY.