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<正> 黄化型萎缩病是宿迁桑树的最主要病害。据1986年普查,平均病株率为6.3%。为此,1987年开始设立“桑树黄化型萎缩病综合防治”课题,经5年努力已基本控制了该病的蔓延和危害,病株率降至0.8%,采取的主要防治措施为:一、及时、彻底挖除病株,清除病源。针对黄化型萎缩病的发生情况以及媒介昆虫菱纹叶蝉的生活习性,挖除病株的时间重点掌握在6、7、9三个月,从大面积应用情况看,效果明显,挖除病株后的桑园很少发病。二、防治菱纹叶蝉,切断传染途径。根 相似文献
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近年来,徐州市桑保工作在各级政府及业务部门的重视和支持下,贯彻“以防为主,综合防治”的方针,坚持联防联治和“四统一分”的办法,采取常规测报与突击查报相结合的做法,加大宣传力度,狠抓关键措施的落实,达到了测报准确,防治适时,防效显著的目的,控制了主要病虫的蔓延与为害,为促进我市蚕桑生产的稳步发展起到了极为重要的作用。1桑病虫发生的基本情况和特点桑树虫害主要为桑象虫、桑橙瘿蚊、鳞翅目害虫、微体昆虫(红蜘蛛和桑蓟马)和灰蜗牛等几大类。病害主要为桑疫病、拟干枯病和黄化型萎缩病等几种。1·1桑树虫害发生的情况1·1·1桑象虫… 相似文献
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问:桑树萎缩病大量发生,难以对付,请具体地谈一下防治该病的有效方法.答:桑萎缩病的病原,是一种被称之为“类菌原体”的微生物.主要是通过苗木,菱纹叶蝉来传播的.不经由种子,汁液及土壤传播.因此防治的方法就是生产无病苗木;在已建成的桑园中,除灭病株,驱杀菱纹叶蝉.就生产无病苗木来讲,应避免在本病大量发生的地区凡殖苗木.在本病轻度流行的地区,要消灭苗木地中的菱纹叶蝉.连根拔除并烧毁苗圃地里的病苗. 相似文献
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关于黄化型萎缩病的媒介昆虫菱纹叶蝉的发生、消长规律,随环境条件的变化、各地气候的不同而异。为了提供防病治虫的依据,对湖州地区菱纹叶蝉的发生规律进行了系统的调查研究。通过室内(养虫室)个体、群体(盆栽桑)饲养和大田调查相结合的方法,探索菱纹叶蝉在湖州地区的消长和迁飞规律,以指导大面积治虫灭病工作。 相似文献
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桑保工作是蚕桑生产的重要一环.吴江是江苏省重要的蚕茧生产基地,现有5300hm2桑园,年生产蚕茧6500t.1990年建立桑病虫测报站以来,建立和健全了桑树病虫害测报网络,提高了预测报水平,促进了防治工作的展开,有效地控制了病虫的发生.但由于茧丝绸行情频繁波动,桑病虫为害对蚕茧产质量的制约程度越来越大,桑保工作面临新的挑战.如何把桑保工作向深层次、高质量推进是我们当前及今后需要着重思考与解决的迫切问题. 相似文献
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<正> 彻底挖除病树是防治桑黄化型萎缩病的最根本的措施,在这条措施中要确定一个最佳挖病树时间,如何确定?必须了解桑黄化型萎缩病的主要传病时间及病原在树体潜伏期。笔者在75~77三年,曾做过多次接种试验,菱纹叶蝉传染桑黄化型萎缩病的主要传病时间是在5月中、下旬,而不是夏秋季。主要传病昆虫红头菱纹叶蝉是一种中温型昆虫,该虫不耐高温,在桑树夏伐十多天后至 相似文献
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桑树黄化型萎缩病,是危害桑树主要传染性的病害,经过多年来试验结果证明,病原是通过媒介昆虫红头菱纹叶蝉和绿头菱纹叶蝉带毒嫁接传染的。红头菱纹叶蝉传毒率高,分布在江苏、浙江、山东等省。特别是江苏、浙江老蚕区,虫口密度大,对病害的蔓延关系很大,1976年在丹阳珥陵公社汤庄大队一块夏伐桑园调查,虫口密度平均 相似文献
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Beran GW 《Preventive veterinary medicine》2008,86(3-4):198-207
When early people made their appearance, zoonotic infectious diseases were already waiting, but epidemic diseases did not appear in human history until people began to live in large numbers under conditions of close contact, mainly during the last 10,000 years. Disease has decimated urban populations, conquered armies, and disrupted society. The focus here is on (1) the plague of Athens and the Black Death; (2) smallpox, influenza, and rabies; (3) avian influenza prion diseases, and foot & mouth disease; and (4) emerging and re-emerging diseases. All have veterinary public health associations. In Athens, Greece, in 430 BC, when the Spartans ravaged the countryside, hordes crowded into Athens so that orderly movements, space in which to live, and adequate supplies of food became impossible. Crowding of any population fosters disease transmission; chaos and disorder enhance it all the more. Out of northern Egypt came a terrible plague from across the Mediterranean Sea. The identity of the plague of Athens remains unsure, but the well-considered conclusion is Rift Valley Fever, a mosquito borne, viral zoonosis. The Black Death, also called the Plague, raged in Asia for centuries. In 1347, the Black Death was brought by a ship out of Asia to Sicily. The scenes of devastation were repeated throughout Europe, with 90% or more of the people dying in city after city. Influenza, too, has been a cause of periodic human epidemics, but the great pandemic of influenza occurred in the last months of World War I. In the years of highest occurrence, more than half the world's population became clinically infected. If veterinary public health had been born earlier, it could have led to elucidating the epidemiology of influenza and the plagues of Athens, Europe, and Asia. In turn, smallpox had also caused continual tragedy. In 1796, Edward Jenner began to harvest pustules of cowpox from children or infected cows and inject them into susceptible children. In 1980, the World Health Organization declared that smallpox had been eliminated from the world. Rabies, though, still strikes terror. A number of animal diseases, broadly termed emerging and re-emerging diseases, need surveillance because they have the potential to impact human health. From late in 2003 to 2007, the highly pathogenic H5N1 influenza virus in poultry infected at least 121 people and caused 62 deaths in four countries. The prion diseases, too, all have very high numbers in concentrated contacts. To control these diseases, veterinary public health is essential, with diagnosis, epidemiological surveillance, clinical manifestations, and prevention as primary measures. 相似文献
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Dekker A Dercksen D Snoep J van Wuyjckhuise L 《Tijdschrift voor diergeneeskunde》2007,132(18):695-701
On 26th of july 2007 a new case of bluetongue was notified in the Netherlands and on 2nd of august 2007 foot-and-mouth disease was diagnosed in Surrey, England, which raised the threat of having both infections simultaniously in one area. Bluetongue and foot-and-mouth disease have a different pathogenesis, but symptoms may resemble each other at a later stage of infection. The pathogenesis and possible clinical symptoms of both infections are discussed and illustrated with pictures. 相似文献
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在动物的异常行为中以刻板行为最为常见,而咽气癖又是马最常见的口部刻板行为之一。作者就咽气癖在生理方面和心智方面对马体产生的影响、行为基础、诱因的研究进展及常见的防治措施进行综述。 相似文献
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