论西部地区现代农作制度发展模式与对策

在分析西部地区农作制度面临的主要问题基础上，提出了本区现代农作制度的7种主要发展模式，即：节水型农作制度、设施型农作制度、保护型农作制度、循环型农作制度、特色型农作制度、绿色型农作制度和观光型农作制度；并提出了实现西部地区农作制度可持续发展的对策建议。     

高校院系的科研绩效评估模型和计量体系研究

借鉴企业管理绩效评估方法，探索并建立针对高校院系特点的科研绩效评估模型和计量体系，为高校院系在科研投入及成果产出等全方位管理中提供量化依据。分析高校院系绩效特征，引入企业人力资源管理中效益、效率观和绩效评估法，结合高校院系现状，在标化人力资源和时间投入、量化科研产出的基础上，设计一套适合高校院系科研绩效考核的评估体系。该体系能较为科学地评估高校院系科研团队的科研成效、核心竞争力及研究潜力，为高校科研管理提供方法。     

桑树断梢病流行的BOX-JENKINS模型及其在预测中的应用研究

利用Box-Jenkins模型,对桑树白椹和断梢病的流行发生分别进行了摸拟,得到两个回报准确率为100％,预报准确率分别为91.49％和82.77％的数学模型。根据植物病虫害流行原理,从寄主、病原物和环境条件方面讨论了Box-Jenkins模型在蚕桑病虫害流行研究上应用的可行性。     

用数学预测模型改进传统实验研究方法—对旋毛虫成虫寄生寿命的研究

通常对旋毛虫成虫在小鼠体内存活期的测试是通过对人工感染小鼠的定期解剖而取得。本文介绍了灰色ＧＭ（１,２）模型的数学方法。对部分实验数据（２２天）建立ＧＭ（１,２）模型,预测结果与国内外经典著作报道相符。数学预测方法可以减少１２天工作量和节约３０只近交系小鼠。其作用是改进了传统的实验研究方法和提高了科研效率     

IMAGE FUSION OF COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHIC AND MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGES FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A THREE-DIMENSIONAL MUSCULOSKELETAL MODEL OF THE EQUINE FORELIMB

Biomechanical models that compute the lengths and forces of muscle-tendon units are broadly applicable to the study of factors that promote injury and the planning and effects of orthopedic surgical procedures in equine athletes. A three-dimensional (3D) generic musculoskeletal model of the equine forelimb comprised of bony segment, muscle-tendon, and ligament information, was developed based on high-resolution computed tomographic (CT) and T1-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) images from an isolated forelimb of a Thoroughbred racehorse. Image fusion was achieved through coregistration of CT and MR images with an image analysis program (Analyze) by adjustment of the relative position and orientation of fiducial markers visible in both modalities until the mutual information between the images was maximized. 3D surfaces of the bones and origin/insertion sites, centroid paths and volumes of the muscle-tendon and ligamentous structures were obtained from the multimodal (CT/MR) images using semiautomated and manual segmentation combined with sagittal and transverse color-cryosection anatomic images obtained from three other cadaveric equine forelimbs. Once bony and soft-tissue structures were reconstructed in the same coordinate system, data were imported to a software package for interactive musculoskeletal modeling (SIMM). The combination of integrated CT and MR acquisitions and anatomical images provided an accurate and efficient means of generating a 3D model of the musculoskeletal structures of an average-sized equine adult horse.     

A mechanical comparison of 4.5 mm narrow and 3.5 mm broad plating systems for stabilization of gapped fracture models

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate and compare the mechanical properties of 4.5 narrow and 3.5 broad plating systems using their respective cortical and cancellous screws in unstable, central, and eccentric gap fracture models. STUDY DESIGN: Mechanical evaluation and comparison of 2 dynamic compression plate (DCP) systems. SAMPLE POPULATION: Eighteen cortical and 30 cancellous gapped fracture models. METHODS: DCP (4.5 mm narrow, 3.5 mm broad) with their respective cortical screws were applied to cortical bone density polyurethane foam blocks to construct center gap cortical fracture models that were tested in gap closing monotonic 4-point bending. DCP (4.5 mm narrow, 3.5 mm broad) with their respective cancellous screws were applied to cancellous bone density polyurethane foam blocks to construct eccentric gap cancellous fracture models. The cancellous constructs were tested in monotonic gap opening and gap closing cantilever bending and in cyclic axial loading. Univariate and multivariate repeated measures ANOVA were used to compare the maximum loads at failure of the 4.5 mm constructs and 3.5 mm constructs. RESULTS: The 4.5 mm narrow plating system withstood significantly higher loads at failure than the 3.5 mm broad plating system in 4-point bending (P<.0001) and gap opening cantilever bending (P<.0001). The 4.5 mm system failed in gap closing cantilever bending by plastic deformation of the plate, whereas the 3.5 mm system failed by screw pullout. There was no difference between the 2 systems in cyclic axial loading. CONCLUSION: Results indicate that the 4.5 mm narrow plating system has a mechanical advantage over the 3.5 mm broad plating system for stabilization of gapped fracture models. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The 4.5 mm narrow plating system may be mechanically advantageous compared with the 3.5 mm broad plating system for stabilizing unreconstructed comminuted long bone fractures in large dogs.     

牛磺酸对饲喂高脂、高胆固醇饲料大鼠脂肪代谢影响的研究

以Wistar大白鼠为研究对象,饲喂高脂、高胆固醇血症饲料,以研究牛磺酸对脂肪代谢的影响。结果表明,本试验所配制的饲料可以成功地诱导大鼠产生高胆固醇血症及动脉硬化,大鼠日粮中添加1％牛磺酸可显著降低血清中的甘油二脂(TG)及肝脂肪含量;添加3％或5％牛磺酸,血清中高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平显著升高,血清总胆固醇(T-CHO)、动脉硬化指数(AI)显著下降,且5％牛磺酸添加效果显著优于3％。     

卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎动物模型建立及病原体的形态观察

Wistar大鼠、小鼠、家兔和野生鼠用皮下注射醋酸可的松建立卡氏肺孢子虫肺炎的动物模型。解剖,取肺脏制作涂片、印片和石蜡切片,经染色进行病原体形态观察。结果显示野生鼠卡氏肺孢子虫感染率最高,为81．3％;Wistar大鼠感染率其次,为56．3％;小鼠为25％;家兔为12．5％。支气管肺泡灌洗液涂片和肺组织印片用姬姆萨染色后,可见卡氏肺孢子虫的囊内小体和滋养体。肺组织切片用哥氏银、甲苯胺蓝染色后,可见清晰的卡氏肺孢子虫的包囊壁。     

气候变化对三江源玛沁县草地气候生产力的影响

利用三江源玛沁县五年的气候资料,分析了气温和降水的变化,以及两种草地气候生产力模型的对比。结果表明:(1)三江源玛沁县2000年至2004年年平均温先逐渐增加,直到2003年后开始下降。年降水量波动比较大。(2)M iam i模型和Thornthwaite Memorial模型计算得出的NPP产量呈现一定的差异,前者平均温度因子影响比较显著,而后者是年降水量起主要因素。(3)选择适当的模型计算植被的第一生产力要依据当地的植被类型。     

化隆县草地生产特点及利用

从草场分布,牧草产量,生产利用现状等方面总结,分析了草地生产基本规律和特点,提出相应的利用与改良建议,为因地制宜的开发和利用草地自然资源,加快当地草地畜牧业发展进行了有益探索。