共查询到19条相似文献,搜索用时 52 毫秒
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社区林业在过去的30多年中得到了迅速发展。20世纪80年代社区林业开始传入我国,10多年来在一些省区得到了较好的实践。本简略地回顾了林业发展理论的演变和社区林业的发展历程,分析了当前社区林业在中国的发展形势。作认为,社区林业作为解决发展中国家森林与环境、经济、社会协调发展和促进农民增收的一项重要的战略举措,已经迎来了新的发展机遇。 相似文献
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社区林业:林业发展与生态良好的完美结合 总被引:4,自引:1,他引:4
文中对社区林业的概念及其产生和发展的过程进行了概述,并从生态系统的角度对生态良好的概念进行了界定,在此基础上,从社区林业的参与主体、实践内容、科研与管理、发展目标等方面阐述了其与生态良好之间的密切联系,指出社区林业提供了一条确保林业发展与生态良好完善结合的途径。 相似文献
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社区林业自20世纪80年代初引入云南省以来,已经在全省的许多地区开展了探索性的实践,并已产生了不同类型的社区林业模式。国有牛达林场几年来的社区林业实践就是其中的一种,该林场采用社区共管的方式,与其比邻的周边农村社区携手共同保护和管理国有森林,经过双方几年的努力,使林区的森林郁郁葱葱,山区农民的生活水平日益改善,取得了双羸的良好效果。 一、社区林业在牛达林场的主要实践形式 1.多样化的森林经营形式使林场与农民共同受益 牛达林场将森林分成几种类型,根据社区林业的参与式理论和方法,采用了社区共管的方式,本… 相似文献
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如今,“社区林业”这一思想已被全世界所认可并得到广泛地传播。在100多个国家中,普通公民作为森林的保护正得到社会的承认和鼓励。政府以前所扮演的很多角色和行使的很多权力正在移交给普通公民,这也包括偏远乡村的穷人, 相似文献
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一、社区林业发展史回顾 虽然自古以来乡村社区就经营着森林,但社区林业的出现却是近年来的事情。本文中的社区林业是指特定的社区森林使用者通过与政府的某种合作形式来保护和经营国有林的过程。在过去的30年间,促进社区对森林经营的参与几乎已成为制定国际热带林业政策的共 相似文献
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林业生态工程项目规划设计需要社区干部、专家的参与、社区农户的参与以及银行、企业等其它社会力量的参与,其参与结果的运用包括调查结果的整理、找出存在的主要问题并提出解决问题的办法。社区参与要为规划设H中造林树种的选择、工程项目建设顺序的确定等提供基础材料,并提供以往水土流失治理经验等,通过社区参与的林业生态工程项目能使决策者和设计人员了解社区干部、群众的意愿,得到他们的支持、配合,而做出一套更加切实可行的规划设计成果。 相似文献
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Benjamin D. Hodgdon 《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2013,32(1):50-78
This article examines the current state of community forestry in Laos. The rationale for community forestry in the Lao context is presented, followed by a discussion of the development of the Lao version of community forestry, called participatory sustainable forest management (PSFM). The history of a project supported by an international non-government organization that attempted to implement PSFM and that was subsequently discontinued by the Lao government is then presented, followed by an analysis of the reasons for government opposition to the project. Examples of more successful community forestry systems in two countries—Nepal and Mexico—are contrasted with Laos's state-centered PSFM model. Lessons from these countries suggest that fundamental institutional changes are necessary for community forestry to take hold in Laos. 相似文献
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阐述非公有制森林经营方案相关公众、公众参与的内涵、公众参与权利及方式,并将非公有制森林经营方案编制划分为准备、外业调查、征求意见、公示、评审修改、上报与审批、执行与反馈7个阶段,提出每个阶段林地所有者、林木所有者、资源管理者和其他利益相关者参与的具体形式及权力表现。 相似文献
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从森林资源的宏观规划管理(国家空间植被生态安全规划)、中观格局管理(区域空间植被协同管理)和微观结构经营管理(小班或地块精准经营)3个尺度对我国森林资源的空间分布、经营状况及管理问题进行探讨。以北京林业大学精准林业北京市重点实验室新一代信息化智能化森林资源监测体系(无人机协同森林资源精准经营管理系统、电动生长锥年轮自动识别系统、手持式测树超站仪及小班森林精准经营管理平台等)为基础,围绕我国森林资源现存问题和现代化调查、监测、经营管理等需求,创建天地立体化森林管理应用系统和装备,解决了森林精准经营中的一些难题。实践应用证明了新一代监测体系的实用性和有效性,同时为森林资源管理部门和林业工作者提供了全新的经营模式、解决方案和信息化管理系统平台。 相似文献
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《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2013,32(1-2):237-251
Summary In 1997, the US Forest Service initiated public involvement processes in three national forests in the northeastern United States-the Finger Lakes National Forest in central New York, the Green Mountain National Forest in Vermont, and the White Mountain National Forest in New Hampshire and Maine. Citizens' perspectives were sought on forest management prior to determining the changes needed for revising the Land and Resource Management Plans (Forest Plans) as well as to exchange information on management of these three forests. These processes represent a pro-active effort by the US Forest Service to engage communities of interest in dialogue about the management of these national forests. The Forest Service has emphasized the principles of ecosystem management and community partnership in developing these plans. The paper describes the policy framework for forest planning and an outline of the Plan Revision process as developed in the Northeast. It further offers a preliminary analysis of this approach, including lessons to date, their implication for subsequent phases of plan revision processes in the Northeast, and possible relevance for agencies embarking on similar public planning initiatives. 相似文献
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Kisito Gandji Valère K Salako Achille E Assogbadjo Vincent OA Orekan Romain L Glèlè Kakaï Brice A Sinsin 《Southern Forests》2017,79(2):133-142
This study assessed ecological and socio-economic impacts of a participatory forest management project in the Republic of Benin. The study focused on the Wari-Maro Forest Reserve and the ‘Projet d’Aménagement des Massifs Forestiers’ five years after its completion. A forest inventory was carried out using 37 square plots of 729 m2 each to characterise the population structure of two types of plantations established: plantations with exotic species and plantations with native species. In addition, individual surveys were conducted with local households, organs of joint forest management and forestry officers to evaluate their perceptions about the participatory management of the plantations. Finally, the sustainability of the participatory management was assessed with an established rating system. Results showed that plantations with exotic species were more successful than plantations with native species. Local communities argued that they have not been involved in the plantations design but only in the implementation step and that their standards of living have decreased after the project completion. The rating system used showed that the participatory management of plantations had a short-term sustainability. The findings suggest that future projects should be designed and implemented with better participation of local communities as full partners. 相似文献
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Forest commons are regarded as a means to support local development and sustainable forest conditions. To evaluate the development
impact of Swedish forest commons, comparative surveys have been undertaken in three regions, and the differences in forest
condition and management between categories of commons as well as their relation to other forest ownerships have been assessed.
Regional differences between the by-laws, historical development and geographical conditions are apparent. It is concluded
that two of three regions have an overly restrictive harvesting policy given the purpose of the forest commons and the official
forest policy. The study results underline the importance of evaluation of the performance of forest management in relation
to management objectives, to ownership alternatives and to the impact of local variations in preconditions. 相似文献
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《Journal of Sustainable Forestry》2013,32(1-2):271-291
Summary Community-based ecosystem management (CBEM) is being offered as an alternative to agency-based public land management. Its fundamental premise is connecting communities to public lands for the purpose of increasing ecosystem stewardship and community sustainability. For CBEM to appropriately serve the public interest, new social and institutional relationships will need to be formed, collaborative learning will need to occur, and capacities in community participation and ecological literacy will need to be developed. A new civic conversation about public lands is essential to these relationships, learning, and capacities. Community governance processes, which guide these collaborative and participatory activities, must correspondingly reflect the community-based nature of CBEM, while preserving the national interests in public land resources. 相似文献
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村社林业是指在一个具体的村社或农村生态系统内,以农户为主题,旨在解决农户自身生存和发展所需的林业活动,是林业发展的重要组成部分。高黎贡山西坡大塘村农户在社区森林资源管理方面做了有益的尝试,多形式、多内容的林业经营管理活动使该村社区森林资源得到了合理的利用和保护,为周围村社提供了有益的经验。本文以大塘村的各项村社林业活动为例,叙述了广泛开展村社林业活动对高黎贡山森林资源有效保护与周围农村经济持续发展的作用和意义。 相似文献