蓖麻胚轴外植体离体再生研究

以蓖麻胚轴为外植体,研究了不同种类和浓度的细胞分裂素对胚轴再生不定芽的影响以及不同浓度的生长素对外植体根分化的影响.结果表明:从成熟蓖麻种子中剥离的胚轴接种在MS基本培养基并添加0.5 mg/L 6-BA或10.0 mg/L ZT中诱导不定芽的再生频率最高,分别为86.7％和68.9％.健壮的不定芽在MS+0.2 mg/L NAA的培养基中根分化率达26.7％.     

氯虫苯甲酰胺对甜菜夜蛾敏感基线的测定和幼虫体重的影响

田间采集的甜菜夜蛾室内饲养20代后,以饲料混毒法测定了氯虫苯甲酰胺对其3龄幼虫的毒力。结果表明,药剂处理48h和72h后,LC50值分别为0.7475mg/L和0.2182mg/L。药后48h,在最低浓度（0.0043mg/L）处理下,甜菜夜蛾幼虫体重略高于对照,但未差异显著水平,随着处理浓度的提高,幼虫体重显著降低。本研究为氯虫苯甲酰胺对甜菜夜蛾的毒力提供了可参考的敏感基线,同时表明其对甜菜夜蛾具有较高的杀虫活性。     

联苯肼酯与联苯菊酯对朱砂叶螨联合毒力的生物测定

以朱砂叶螨为试材,采用玻片浸渍法,研究了2种杀螨剂联苯肼酯和联苯菊酯对朱砂叶螨的联合毒力。结果表明:联苯肼酯和联苯菊酯单独使用时,其24h对朱砂叶螨的LC50(致死中浓度)分别为23.2385mg/L和34.5302mg/L,48h的LC50分别为16.0384mg/L和15.3873mg/L。联苯肼酯和联苯菊酯混配使用时24h的共毒系数为115~204,48h共毒系数为134~224,均表现为增效作用。对不同混配比例的分析发现,联苯肼酯与联苯菊酯按有效成分在1∶1的混配比例下较之其它比例增效作用更佳,共毒系数在24h和48h时分别为204和221。2种药剂混用能够发挥不同药剂的作用特点,增强杀虫活性,扩大杀虫谱,对延缓抗药性的发展具有重要作用。     

赤霉素及硫酸铵对低温条件下榕树幼株生理生化指标的影响

以榕树(Ficus microcorpa)为试材,研究了冬季低温条件下不同浓度赤霉素(GA3)(0、15、150mg/L)和硫酸铵((NH4)2SO4)(0、20、200g/L)处理15、30、45d对活性氧代谢酶系统的愈创木酚过氧化物酶(G-POD)活性、抗坏血酸过氧化物酶(ASA-POD)活性、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性和非酶系统丙二醛(MDA)含量的影响。结果表明:经GA3和(NH4)2SO4处理后可保持相对较高的抗氧化酶(POD、CAT、SOD)活性,削弱MDA含量的积累。在低温胁迫下随着GA3浓度的增加,POD活性、CAT活性和SOD活性呈先升高后降低的趋势;随(NH4)2SO4浓度的增加,POD活性、CAT活性和SOD活性呈增高的趋势,而MDA含量下降。含200g/L(NH4)2SO4的各处理15d后G-POD活性均表现得极为明显,15mg/L GA3+200g/L(NH4)2SO4处理下,AsA-POD活性均达到最高,15mg/L GA3+200g/L(NH4)2SO4处理30d后SOD活性持续上升并达峰值,15mg/L GA3+20g/L(NH4)2SO4处理15d后达到差异极显著水平(P0.01);受GA3和(NH4)2SO4处理后榕树叶片MDA含量逐渐下降,在处理15d时达到最低;且30d和45d处理后整体MDA含量较15d有所升高。     

香蕉茎尖的玻璃化法超低温保存及其植株再生

 以香蕉(Musa spp. ) 为试材, 对其离体培养茎尖玻璃化法超低温保存影响因素进行研究。结果表明, 不定芽在MS + 3.0～5.0 mg/L 6-BA + 0.1 mg/L NAA的培养基上分化较好。香蕉茎尖超低温保存较佳体系是: 2.0～3.0 cm的茎尖在含0.4 mol/L蔗糖培养基上预培养2 d, 剥取带1～2个叶原基的茎尖(长1.0～1.5 mm) , 室温(25℃) 下装载液(MS + 2 mol/L甘油+ 0.4 mol/L蔗糖) 装载20～30 min, 然后用玻璃化溶液( PVS2 ) 于0℃下处理40 min, 换1次PVS2后迅速投入液氮。保存至少1 h后, 在40℃水浴中化冻90 s, 用1.2 mol/L蔗糖培养液洗涤2次, 每次10 min, 然后转入含0.3 mol /L蔗糖的MS培养基上,暗培养10～15 h后转移到含0.5 mg/L 62BA的MS培养基中, 暗培养1周后转移到正常光下, 3个香蕉品种(巴西蕉、广东香蕉2 号、广东粉蕉1 号) 的成活率分别为75.9%、40.0%和69.6% , 再生率分别为63.4%、35.0%和63.4%。再生植株生长和分化正常, 生根后可移栽成活。     

硝酸镧对脐橙叶片抗氧化酶活性的影响

为研究稀土元素镧对脐橙叶片抗氧化生理代谢的影响,以2年生纽荷尔脐橙为试验材料,通过叶片喷施浓度为50、150、300 mg/L的硝酸镧溶液,分别于喷施后0、2、4、8、12、24 h采集植株中上部当年生嫩叶,测定超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）和抗坏血酸氧化酶（APX）的活性,为探明稀土元素对脐橙品质形成提供理论依据。结果表明：不同浓度硝酸镧处理后0～24 h,脐橙叶片SOD活性均呈先升高后降低的趋势,浓度为150 mg/L时活性较高;50 mg/L硝酸镧处理能够有效提升叶片POD活性,且促进了活性峰值的提早出现;50 mg/L硝酸镧处理前期可促进CAT活性的升高,而300 mg/L硝酸镧处理后期可促进CAT活性的升高;叶片GR活性得到明显提高,浓度为300 mg/L时活性最高;叶片APX活性受到明显抑制,150 mg/L硝酸镧处理抑制效果更明显。不同处理时间对抗氧化酶活性的影响较大,3个硝酸镧处理的叶片SOD、GR活性均呈先升高后降低的趋势,均在处理后4 h出现活性高峰;而叶片POD、CAT、APX活性高峰各处理表现不同。硝...     

长白山区野生地椒百里香嫩枝扦插繁殖研究

以长白山区野生地椒百里香为试材,研究了不同浓度、不同生长调节剂、不同时间处理对地椒百里香嫩枝扦插繁殖的影响。结果表明:植物生长调节剂对平均生根率的影响为ABTNAAIBA,分别为94.22%、90.69%、81.33%。但是嫩枝扦插后根部长势最好在NAA1 000mg/L(1s)。因此,长白山区野生地椒百里香嫩枝扦插时,建议选择ABT生根剂。选用ABT生根剂时,处理浓度间差异不大,但浓度500mg/L(2min)时优于其它处理组。当选用NAA溶液时,处理浓度间差异较大,且随着处理浓度的增加效果更佳,最佳处理为1 000mg/L(1s)。当选用IBA溶液时,随着浓度增加,生根率及根部长势越差,50mg/L(12h)为最佳处理。     

激素处理对桂花插条生根及PPO、POD活性的影响

研究了400 mg/L的NAA和IBA处理桂花插穗后,其生根进程中过氧化物酶(POD)、多酚氧化酶(PPO)活性的变化及生根效果.结果表明:400 mg/L的NAA对插穗的POD和PPO活性影响大于IBA处理,生根效果也优于IBA处理.     

Na_2SeO_3处理对甜瓜种子萌发的影响

用不同浓度(0.5,1.0,5.0,10,50,100,150,200mg/L,以Se2+计)的Na2SeO3溶液处理种子,然后对种子的发芽情况及发芽后的生长状况、可溶性蛋白质含量、POD活性进行了测定.研究结果表明,低浓度(0.5,1.0,5.0 mg/L)硒对甜瓜种子萌发有促进作用,其中Na2SeO3浓度为1.0mg/L时种子萌发和生长最好;而较高浓度(10,50,100,150,200 mg/L)硒对甜瓜种子萌发有抑制作用,浓度越大抑制作用越强.     

甜瓜辐射花粉诱导单倍体的影响因素研究

以Co60γ射线为辐射源,研究了辐射剂量200,300,500,800,1 200,1 500和2 000 Gy对甜瓜单倍体诱导率的影响. 同时在辐射花粉授粉6 h后,用1,10,50,100和200 mg/L的2,4-D,以浸蘸柱头和节间注射2种处理方法,研究2,4-D对甜瓜辐射花粉诱导单倍体的影响.研究结果表明,辐射剂量在200～1 500 Gy时,坐果率低于对照(96.7%),但不同剂量间坐果率没有明显的差异,都达到80%以上;而在2 000 Gy时坐果率明显降低,仅为63.3%.2,4-D的两种处理方法在低浓度(1 mg/L)时,对坐果率没有影响;但随2,4-D处理浓度的升高,坐果率呈下降趋势.浸蘸柱头对出胚率和植株再生率没有明显影响,而在100 mg/L浓度下采用节间注射处理时出胚率和植株再生率分别为2.8%和1.09%,明显高于其他处理.     

耧斗菜乙醇粗提液对桃蚜的触杀作用

以耧斗菜为研究材料,以桃蚜为供试昆虫,采用浸虫法测定了桃蚜经不同生育期、不同浓度的耧斗菜全株乙醇粗提液处理后的死亡率和校正死亡率,采用R语言分析了显著性差异并计算了毒力回归方程,研究了耧斗菜乙醇粗提液对桃蚜的室内触杀活性,以期为耧斗菜作为植物源杀虫剂新来源提供参考依据。结果表明:耧斗菜全生育期的乙醇粗提液对桃蚜均具有一定的触杀作用,作用时间越长,效果越明显,在相同浓度和作用时间下,花期的杀虫活性最高,显著高于结实期和苗期;48 h毒力回归方程为y=1.57+2.22x,R2=0.87,LC50=35.1 mg·mL^-1,72 h毒力回归方程为y=1.5+2.53x,R2=0.9,LC50=24.2 mg·mL^-1。     

Ganoderma lucidum extract protects rat cerebral cortical neurons from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in vitro

AIM: To investigate the neuroprotective effect of Ganoderma lucidum extract (GLE) in an in vitro model of primary cultured neurons with oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). METHODS: Neuronal injury was induced by oxygen and glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). The neuronal injury and viability were determined by LDH leakage and XTT assay at 0 h,3 h,6 h,12 h,24 h,48 h and 72 h after OGD/R. Neuronal apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry (FCM). The expression of apoptosis-related proteins was analyzed by Western blotting.RESULTS: The viability of the neurons increased with exposure to GLE (0.1 mg/L,1 mg/L and 10 mg/L)after OGD/R. The LDH releases were also significantly reduced. GLE significantly inhibited OGD/R-induced apoptosis of cultured rat cortical neurons in a concentration-dependent and time-dependent manner(P<0.05). GLE at concentrations of 0.1 mg/L,1 mg/L and 10 mg/L inhibited the expression of caspase-3 and caspase-8 proenzyme. Additionally,GLE at concentration of 10 mg/L suppressed the expression of caspase-9 proenzyme.CONCLUSION: Our findings provide the evidence that the GLE has neuroprotective effect on cerebral ischemia. The mechanisms are related to the inhibition of caspase-3,-8 and-9 activations. GLE may be a novel and effective reagent for treating ischemic stroke.     

10％虫螨腈SC防治柑桔木虱、潜叶蛾等四种柑桔害虫田间药效试验

对10％虫螨腈SC进行防治柑桔木虱、潜叶蛾等四种柑桔害虫田间药效试验。结果表明,10％虫螨腈SC对柑桔木虱、潜叶蛾防效好;对柑桔粉虱速效性较好,但持效性差;对柑桔红蜘蛛的防效一般,特别是速效性差。     

三唑酮与乙蒜素混剂对变叶木插穗生长的影响

用三唑酮6．25％＋乙蒜素93．75％混合配制成160mg／L至1600mg／L10种不同浓度的药剂，分别对变叶木插穗浸泡处理后扦插。试验结果表明，最佳处理的插穗生根数、根长、根径的平均值和最高成活率分别为45．2、31．8、1．47、80％，分别比对照提高了9．6、7．4mm、0．36mm、46．67％，所测指标均与对照的差异极显著（P〈0．01）。在160-400mg／L范围，处理浓度与插穗的生根数、根长、根径以及成活率的关系符合二次曲线模型（R2〉0．97）；统计分析结果，处理3h的最佳浓度为291mg／L。     

三种杀虫剂对古田山多菌蚊杀虫活性研究

分别测定氟虫双酰胺、烯啶虫胺和噻虫嗪3种杀虫剂对古田山多菌蚊(Docosia gutiuushana)的杀虫活性.室内毒力测定表明,3种杀虫剂对多菌蚊都有一定的杀虫作用,其中噻虫嗪的杀虫效果最好,氟虫双酰胺效果最差,噻虫嗪室内毒力测定的LD50值为40.84 mg/L；田间药效试验表明:噻虫嗪制剂浓度为2000 mg/L时,1d的多菌蚊校正死亡率为90.36％,7d的校正死亡率为79.98％,且显著高于其它药剂.     

东北龙胆不同提取液对菜蚜的生物活性研究

应用均匀设计法研究了东北龙胆全草的不同提取液对菜蚜的触杀和拒食作用。研究结果表明,乙醇浸提液对菜蚜具有较高的触杀作用,对菜蚜48h的致死中浓度(LC50)为8.4133mg/mL,触杀致死率为95.8%。水蒸气蒸馏液对菜蚜具有较强的拒食作用。对菜蚜24,48h的拒食中浓度(AFC50)分别为9.2154,8.7136mg/mL,48h的拒食率为93.8%。丙酮浸提液对菜蚜的触杀和拒食作用不明显。     

Curcumin analogue B67 induces apoptosis and G2/M arrest to suppress radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells

AIM: To study the effect of curcumin analogues B67 on radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells (CNE-2R). METHODS: The effects of B67 on the cell viability and proliferation of CNE-2R and the parent cells CNE-2 were detected by MTT assay and colony formation assay, respectively. The changes of cell cycle, apoptosis and mitochondrial membrane potential were determined by flow cytometry. The morphological changes of the cells were observed under fluorescence microscope. Node mice were subcutaneously inoculated with the cells to determine the tumorigenic ability. RESULTS: The IC₅₀ of B67 on the viability of CNE-2R cells after treatment for 24 h, 48 h and 72 h were 3.96,2.59 and 0.89 μmol/L, respectively, and those of CNE-2 cells were 8.84, 3.55 and 1.10 μmol/L,respectively. The IC₅₀ of B67 on the proliferation of CNE-2R cells after treatment for 48 h was 0.55 μmol/L, and that of CNE-2 cells was 0.73 μmol/L. After treated with B67 for 24 h, CNE-2R and CNE-2 cells at G₂/M stage increased from 5.32% to 40.01% and from 9.07% to 15.73%,respectively. After treated with B67 for 48 h, the apoptosis of CNE-2R and CNE-2 cells increased from 5.49% to 38.06% and from 4.99% to 35.74%, respectively. The mitochondrial membrane potential in CNE-2R and CNE-2 cells was decreased by 66.76% and 72.09%, respectively. After treated with B67 for 24 h, the tumorigenic rate of CNE-2R cells was 0%, while the rates of CNE-2 cells in low- and high-concentration groups were 100% and 0%, respectively.CONCLUSION: Curcumin analogue B67 exhibits enhanced suppressive activity on radioresistant nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells by inducing G₂/M-phase arrest, promoting cell apoptosis and changing mitochondrial membrane potential.     

Effect of L-carnitine on apoptosis and oxidant damage of cardiomyocytes induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation in vitro

AIM: To examine the effects of L-carnitine on apoptosis and oxidant injury in cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation and its possible mechanism. METHODS: The cultured cardiomyocytes were divided into three groups， control， A/R group （anoxia for 120 min, reoxygenation for 240 min） and L-carnitine treatment group, in which cells were exposed to 20 mg/L, 50 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 200 mg/L L-carnitine respectively at 2 h before anoxia. The superoxide dismutase (SOD), succinate dehydrogenase (SDH) activities and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were examined, and the apoptosis was determined by flow of cytometry (FCM). In addition, the ultrastructure was observed by transmission electron microscopy. RESULTS: In A/R group, SOD and SDH activities were lower, the apoptosis rate and MDA content were higher than those in control group (P<0.05). In L-carnitine treatment group, SOD and SDH activities were higher, the apoptosis rate and MDA content were lower than those in A/R group, a L-carnitine concentration-dependent effect was found. Moreover, impairment of myocardial ultrastructure was more severe in A/R group than L-carnitine treatment group. CONCLUSION: L-carnitine can protect cardiomyocytes against hypoxia/reoxygenation-induced injury in a dose-dependent manner.     

西洋梨叶片直接再生体细胞胚

 西洋梨‘红安久’和‘绿安久’两个品种的无菌苗幼叶为试材, 研究了不同培养基对叶片分化不定梢及体细胞胚的影响。结果表明: 基本培养基的组成是影响叶片分化为不定梢还是体细胞胚的关键因素, 植物生长物质的种类和水平是影响体细胞胚再生率高低的重要因素。诱导培养基NN69 附加TDZ 2 mg/L 及NAA 0. 1 mg/L , 体细胞胚再生率最高, 绿安久达55. 5 % , 红安久为47. 3 %。NN69 附加BA5 mg/L 及NAA 0. 1 mg/L , 不定梢再生率最高, 绿安久达100 % , 红安久为85. 7 %。