光合细菌在观赏鱼饲养中的应用试验

从市场购回光合细菌原液，自配液体培养基进行富集扩大培养，获得棕红光合细菌培养液，在观赏鱼养殖中应用后表明：光合细菌在净化水质、防治疾病、培育苗种等方面有显著效果。     

光合细菌在水产养殖上的应用研究与进展

光合细菌是一种能进行光合作用的细菌，广泛分布于淡、海水和活性淤泥、土壤中，与水产有着密切的联系。国际上从20世纪50年代开始了光合细菌在水产养殖方面的应用研究。对50年来光合细菌的研究进展及前景作出了阐述。     

光合细菌在池塘养鳗中的应用

光合细菌(Photo synthetic Bacteria，简称PSB)作为一种具物殊营养、能促鱼虾类生长以及净化水质等多种作用的细菌，正引起水产养殖业的重视。日本、台湾等国家和地区，光合细菌在水产养殖业、禽畜饲养业、农业、环境保护等方面都得到成功的应用。近年来，我国不少单位把光合细菌应用于水产养殖方面，尤其是鱼、     

光合细菌生物学及其在水产养殖中的应用

概述了光合细菌（PSB）的类群、形态结构、营养组成、生理等特征,介绍了其在水产养殖方面的应用现状,概括了光合细菌应用中的注意事项。旨在为光合细菌在水产养殖方面的深入研究提供参考。     

固定化光合细菌研究与应用

介绍了光合细菌的种类和基本特性,总结了固定光合细菌的材料、方法和固定化光合细菌的活性,以及在养殖水净化、有机废水处理和生物制氢等方面的应用性研究成果。并基于固定化技术可以提高光合细菌的活性和单位体积生物量、在适当条件下固定化光合细菌能够保持优势生长、固定化光合细菌法工艺条件的可控性及其应用效果,揭示了其技术应用的可行性。     

光合细菌制剂在水产养殖应用中需注意的问题

光合细菌的培养及其在水产养殖上的应用有着广阔的发展前景，其生产和应用均已经进入商品化阶段，越来越多的养殖者已将光合细菌的作为提高养殖技术和养殖产量的手段。光合细菌在水产养殖上的应用主要作为：养殖水质净化剂、饲料添加剂、用于鱼虾贝幼体的培育、动物性生物饵料的饵料、预防及治疗鱼病。随着光合细菌作为一种有益的微生物在水产养殖领域中广泛应用，对其认识也进一步深化，笔者认为目前在光合细菌应用上还须注意以下问题：     

光合细菌蛋白饲料研发与应用浅述

光合细菌简称PSB，广泛存在于水域及土壤中，包括似真细菌的红螺细菌、绿硫细菌、着色细菌及似藻的蓝细菌。光合细菌的共用特点是含有光合色素，能利用光进行光合作用，合成有机物质。光合细菌含有60％以上的蛋白质以及多种维生素，特别是维生素B2、叶酸、生物素的含量是酵母的几十倍。此外，含有生物活性物质，如辅酸Q10、抗病毒物质及促生长因子等。将光合细菌应用于畜牧水产业，已越来越显示出其对动物生长、疾病预防等方面的多功能前景。     

光合细菌对养殖水体的调节作用

光合细菌在水产养殖中有重要应用价值。光合细菌对养殖水体的调节作用表现在调节养殖水体氮循环,降解水体中有机物,控制水体富营养化,调节水体微生态群,调节养殖水体pH,增加水体溶氧等方面。提出了光合细菌在水产养殖应用中的发展方向,为生产实践提供参考。     

光合细菌在淡水养殖中的应用研究

本文研究了光合细菌的分离，纯化，培养的工艺和方法，并着重进行了光合细菌在鱼苗，鱼种及成鱼养殖中的应用，试验表明，使用光合细菌可使池塘底泥中菌化物下降５８．０４ｍｇ／ｋｇ，有机物下降３９９０ｍｇ／ｋｇ以上，使用光合细菌作饵料添加剂，使鱼种及成鱼亩产产４１．５－１５４．５ｋｇ，并提高鱼类成活率。     

光合细菌与水产养殖

光合细菌是具有原始光能合成体系的原核生物的统称。光合细菌的种类繁多，一般可分为产氧光合细菌和不产氧光合细菌两大类。产氧光合细菌包括蓝细菌(或称蓝藻)和原绿藻；不产氧光合细菌包括紫细菌、绿细菌、日光杆菌属和红色杆菌属。近代研究表明，光合细菌营养相当丰富，蛋白质含量高达65％，B族维生素种类齐全，尤其是B12、     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Aquaculture Vol. 1 (ISBN: 13–044108–2) and Aquaculture Vol. 2.(ISBN: 13–O44199–6) . Edited by G. BARNABE. Translated by L. LAIRD.
Aquaculture in Asia . Edited by M. MOHAN JOSEPH.
Aquaculture in Taiwan . By LO-CHAI CHEN.
Production of Aquatic Animals: Crustaceans, Moliuscs, Amphibians and Reptiles . Edited by C. B. NASH.
Fish Pathology . Edited by RONALD J. ROBERTS.
Techniques in Fista Immunoiogy . Edited by J. S. STOLEN, T. C. FLETCHER, D. P. ANDERSON, B. S. ROBERTSON & W. B. VAN MUISWINKEL.
Genetics in Aquacuiture ID. Proceedings of the Third Intemationai Symposium on Genetics in Aquacuiture. Heid at Trondheim, Norway, 20–24 June 1988. Edited by T. GJEDREM.
The Seafood Industry . Edited by RoY E. MARTIN & GEORGE J. FLicic.
Control of Fish Quality . By J. J. CONNELL.
Physiology and Form of Fish Circulation . By GEOFFREY H. SATCHELL.
Fishing With Electricity: Applications in Freshwater Fisheries Management . Edited by I. G. Cowx & P. LAMARQUE.     

Book reviews

Books Reviewed in this Article:
Sustainable Aquaculture . Edited by J.E. Bardach.
Fish Stress and Health in Aquaculture . Edited by G.K. Iwama, A.D. Pickering, J.P. Sumpter & C.B. Schreck.
Environmental Biology of Fishes . By M. Jobling.
Venomous and Poisonous Marine Animals . Edited by J.A. Williamson, P.J. Fenner, J.W. Burnett & J.F. Rifkin.
Poissons de Guyane–Guide Écologique de I'Approuague et de la Réserve des Nouragues (Fishes of French Guiana–Ecological Guide to the Approuague River and the Nouragues Nature Reserve) . Edited by T. Boujard, M. Pascal, J.F. Meunier & P.Y. le Bail; illustrations by J. Gallé.     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Primer of Serology. By A.N.C. D elaat .
Diseases of Fishes. Enviro and Fish Diseases. Book 5. G. A. W edemeyer , F. P. M eyer and I. S mith .
Salmaon and Trout farming in Norway . By D. J. E dwards .
Methods for Physical & Chemical Analysis of Fresh Waters, IBP Handbook No. 8. 2nd edn. By H. L. G olterman , R. S. C lyno & M. A. M. O hnstad .     

Book Reviews

Book reviewed in this article:
Sea microbes . By J. M. S iebueth .
Farming the flat oysters of the genus Ostrea . By P. K orringa .
Animal Tissue Techniques . By G. L. H umason . 4th Edn.
Reef Fishes of the Sea of Cortez: The Rocky-Shore Fishes of the Gulf of California . By D. A. T homson , L. T. F indley and A. N. K erstitch .
Tissues and Organs Text-Atlas of Scanning Electron Microscopy . By R. G. K essel and R. H. K ardon .     

Book Reviews

Book reviews in this article:
Biology of Fresh Waters. By PETER S. MAITLAND.
Salmon Propagation in England & Wales. A report by the Association of River Authorities/National Water Council Working Party. Ed. by G. S. HARRIS.
Salmon and Trout Farming in Norway. By D. J. EDWARDS.
A Key to Adult Males of British Chironomidae (Diptera), the Non-biting Midges. By L. C. V. PINDER.
Key to the Fishes of Northern Europe. By ALWYNE WHEELER.
Technology Assessment and the Oceans. Ed by P. D. WILMOT & A. SLINGERLAND.
Ecology of Freshwater Fish Production. Ed. by SHELBY D. GERKING.     

Book reviews

Book reviewed in this article
Scallop Fanning. By D avid H ardy .
The Biology of the Penaeidae. By W. D all , B. J. H ill , P. C. R othlisberg & D. J. S harples .
Coastal Aquaculture Engineering. By A. N. B ose , S. N. G hosh C.T Y ang & A. M itra .     

In vitro screening of novel treatments for Aphanomyces invadans

Forty‐nine compounds were tested in vitro for fungicidal activity against hyphae of the fish‐pathogenic Oomycete fungus, Aphanomyces invadans. These comprised: (a) chemicals with previous reported activity against Oomycete fungi; (b) chemicals in use in Asia to treat ulcerative disease outbreaks; (c) commercial biocides and fungicides; (d) natural products with potential antimicrobial activity; and (e) surfactants tested separately and in combination with some of the above treatments. No compounds tested proved as effective as malachite green, but some low‐toxicity natural compounds and particular surfactants showed potential for further studies. Some compounds that are currently in use in Asian aquaculture were shown to have no effect on A. invadans hyphae at recommended treatment rates. A range of compounds that demonstrated activity against the mycelium were selected for further testing in a zoospore motility assay. Lower treatment concentrations were required to inhibit zoospore motility than were required to inhibit hyphal growth. Zoospore activity ceased within 1 h of exposure to 2.5 parts per million (p.p.m.) coconut diethanol‐ amide; 1.25 p.p.m. propolis + 0.5 p.p.m. 13/6.5; 5 p.p.m. neem (Azadirachta siamensis) seed extract + 0.01 p.p.m. OP10; 20 p.p.m. tea tree (Melaleuca alternifloria) oil; and 25 p.p.m. D‐limonene + 0.05 p.p.m. E‐Z‐Mulse^TM. The treated spores were shown to be non‐viable in culture medium. Selected compounds were further tested for ability to inhibit zoospore production by A. invadans mycelium over a 72‐h period. In toxicity trials, silver barb, Barbodes gonionotus (Bleeker), exposed to 2.5 p.p.m. coconut diethanolamide; 2.5 p.p.m. OP10; 0.5 p.p.m. E‐Z‐Mulse^TM; 20 p.p.m. neem seed extract + 0.5 p.p.m. OP10; and 5 p.p.m. D‐limonene + 0.5 p.p.m. E‐Z‐Mulse^TM suffered no mortalities and no obvious behavioural changes. Similarly, rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), exposed to 25 p.p.m. propolis + 1 p.p.m. OP10; 10 p.p.m. neem seed extract + 0.01 p.p.m. 13/6.5; and 10 p.p.m. D‐limonene + 0.01 p.p.m. OP10 suffered no mortalities and no obvious behavioural changes.     

5种常用药物对拉氏鱼种的急性毒性试验

在水温15~18℃、pH 7.0±0.2、总硬度(以CaCO3计)380.00mg/L试验条件下,选用三氯异氰尿酸(0.75、1.14、1.73、2.63、4.00mg/L)、硫酸铜(0.80、1.50、2.82、5.31、10.00mg/L)、高锰酸钾(3.00、3.59、4.27、5.07、6.00mg/L)、溴氯海因(1.92、2.78、4.02、5.81、8.40mg/L)、聚维酮碘(13.00、17.53、23.66、31.92、43.00mg/L)5种常用药物对平均体质量6.99g、平均体长8.03cm的拉氏鱼种进行急性毒性试验。试验结果表明,5种药物24h半致死质量浓度分别为2.24、2.38、5.05、6.00、30.74mg/L;48h半致死质量浓度分别为1.43、2.18、4.31、4.08、23.33 mg/L;安全质量浓度分别为0.17、0.60、0.94、0.57、4.03mg/L。拉氏对5种药物的敏感性依次为:三氯异氰尿酸溴氯海因硫酸铜高锰酸钾聚维酮碘;聚维酮碘、溴氯海因、硫酸铜可安全使用。该研究为拉氏合理用药提供参考。     

Book reviews

Books Reviewed in this Article:
Sea Bass - Biology, Exploitation and Conservation. Fish and Fisheries Series 12 (series ed. T. J. Pitcher) . By G. D. Pickett & M. G. Pawson.
Fisheries Processing: Biotechnological Applications . Edited by A. M. Martin.     

Book reviews

Book reviews in this article:
Aquaculture Training Manual . By D onald R. S wift .
Genetics for Fish Hatchery Managers . By D ouglas Tave.
Ecosystems of the World Vol. 29. Managed Aquatic Ecosystems . Edited by R. G. M ichael .
Age and Growth of Fish . Edited by R obert C. S ummerfelt & G ordon E, H all .
The Biology of Perch and Related Fish . By J. C raig .