笼养和栖架养殖模式下蛋鸡的发声特征

为了分析不同饲养模式和阶段对蛋鸡发声的影响,并为构建基于蛋鸡声音信息的健康养殖评价系统提供参考,该研究对蛋鸡的发声进行了监测,通过声音预处理、特征提取、数据挖掘和统计分析等方法,研究笼养和栖架饲养模式下、育成期和产蛋期蛋鸡的声学特征。结果表明,典型蛋鸡声音可分为产蛋叫声、鸣唱声、鸣叫声和争斗尖叫声等四类。产蛋期蛋鸡发声的峰值频率和声音能量水平均低于育成期蛋鸡。同时发现蛋鸡发声的峰值频率与蛋鸡周龄大小呈现负相关关系,由14周龄的(2 192±320)Hz降至41周龄的(1 550±345)Hz。比较笼养和栖架养殖模式下蛋鸡的声音特征发现:栖架养殖模式下蛋鸡发出的声音信号次数、持续时间和声音能量均高于笼养模式,栖架养殖下的蛋鸡发声数量是笼养模式下蛋鸡的3倍以上,栖架系统内蛋鸡白天的声音能量比笼养蛋鸡高接近1倍,这些结果表明在以福利化为目标的栖架养殖模式中蛋鸡表达更多的自然行为,蛋鸡发声的丰富程度可用于后续开发评价蛋鸡的福利状况的方法。     

蛋鸡发声与机械噪声特征提取及分类识别

规模化蛋鸡舍中不同机械设备运行所产生的噪声会干扰蛋鸡声音提取。为了分析分类识别蛋鸡发声与机械噪声的可行性,该研究以蛋鸡产蛋发声、鸣唱声和规模化蛋鸡舍中通风系统、饲喂系统、清粪系统、集蛋系统单独运行时的噪声为研究对象,运用LabVIEW软件提取了蛋鸡发声和机械噪声的功率谱密度,以子带功率比为特征向量,在数据挖掘平台Weka上应用J48决策树算法构建声音分类识别器。结果表明,蛋鸡产蛋发声和鸣唱声的最大功率比位于频率范围689~1 378 Hz内,通风系统噪声和饲喂系统噪声的最大功率比位于频率范围0~689 Hz内,清粪系统噪声和集蛋系统噪声的最大功率比位于频率范围1 378~2 756 Hz内;该声音分类识别模型的平均识别率为93.4%,其中蛋鸡鸣唱声和产蛋发声的识别率分别为85.9%和92.5%,机械噪声的分类识别率更高,说明基于子带功率比的声音识别方法具有较好的识别效果,该结果为规模化蛋鸡养殖舍复杂声音环境中检测蛋鸡声音提供了参考。     

蛋鸡发声音频数据库的构建与应用

蛋鸡发声含有丰富的机体信息,充分挖掘其声学特性,并利用其无接触、无应激的优点,为建立基于发声信息的蛋鸡养殖远程监测平台提供基础依据。该研究借助音频数字化处理技术和数据库管理平台,以海兰褐蛋鸡为例,搭建系统分别采集其在小规模(5只)饲养条件下的叫声信息及其体态行为。运用音频处理软件Adobe Auditionv1.0和音频分析软件Praat5.3提取蛋鸡发声特征参数,包括持续时间、基音频率、频谱质心、共振峰及其衍生的统计值,以此构建出蛋鸡发声音频数据库,在此基础上分别选取蛋鸡产蛋行为发声、鸣唱声和鸣叫声等典型发声行为对比分析。结果表明,蛋鸡产蛋行为发声与鸣唱声均为多次重复的、有节奏的、短促的音节所构成(称其为句子),前者先抑后扬、后者先扬后抑,句子的音节个数分别是7.8±2.0、15.2±7.7,但其时频域特征间存在着显著差异(P<0.05),与鸣叫声相比,其发声特征参数如频谱质心、共振峰等有着显著差异。研究表明,掌握蛋鸡发声的含义,有助于了解其行为特性、机体状态以及种群间的信息传递,并为蛋鸡行为特征识别与数字化监测平台的构建提供数据支持。     

基于声信号特征加权的设施养殖羊行为分类识别

中国西部地区正在发展集约化和规模化的设施养羊业,通过监测羊舍内的声信号可以判别羊只的行为状态,从而为设施养羊的福利化水平评估提取基础依据。梅尔频率倒谱系数（mel frequency cepstrum coefficient,MFCC）模拟了人耳对语音的处理特点且抗噪音性强,被广泛用于畜禽发声信号的特征提取,但其没有考虑各个特征分量表征声信号的能力。该研究构建羊舍无线声音数据采集系统,采集20只羊在设施羊舍内的打斗、饥饿、咳嗽、啃咬和寻伴共5种行为下的声信号,并通过Audacity音频处理软件选出720个清晰且不重叠的声音样本数据。根据MFCC各分量对羊舍声信号表征能力,特征参数提取采用一种熵值加权的MFCC参数,再求其一、二阶差分并进行主成分分析降维,得到优化的19维特征参数。通过对羊舍声信号的声谱图分析,设计了支持向量机二叉树识别模型,并对模型内的4个分类器参数进行网格化寻优测试,该识别模型对羊只5种行为下的声信号进行分类识别,用改进的特征参数与传统MFCC和线性预测倒谱系数（linear predictive cepstrum coefficient,LPCC）进行对比分析。结果表明,该特征参数对5种行为的识别率平均可达83.6%,分别高于MFCC和LPCC参数14.1%和26.8%,羊只打斗和咳嗽行为的声信号属于相似的短时爆发类声音,其识别率分别仅为80.6%和79.5%,啃咬声特征显著不易混淆,其查全率可达到为92.5%,改进特征参数更好的表征了羊舍声信号的特征,提高了羊只不同行为的识别率,为羊只健康和福利状况的监测提供理论依据。     

基于关联规则的渔业信息推荐系统设计与实现

为了快速便捷的获取渔业科学数据信息,基于Web日志挖掘技术对渔业科学数据共享平台用户频繁访问模式进行分析,用于发现用户访问规则,进行信息推荐服务。对分析挖掘中涉及的算法进行了分析与改进,提出了IASR(IP agent session referrer)用户识别算法和关联规则Apriori算法的改进算法,试验研究表明,IASR算法将用户识别准确性提高了13%,速度是通用算法的2倍。当事务数目大于500时,改进算法的执行效率远远优于Apriori算法,速度提高6倍以上。在此基础上,讨论了系统的关键设计与实现方法,开发了渔业信息推荐系统。系统采用JAVA、AJAX开发,数据库SQL Server2005,操作系统为Windows XP。应用结果表明,系统可使用户方便快捷地获取自己感兴趣的渔业数据信息,从而提高信息服务的质量。     

基于太赫兹时域光谱技术的烟草组分识别

为了准确识别不同烟草配方组分,利用太赫兹时域光谱技术,针对烟草工业常用的叶丝、梗丝和再造烟叶丝3种烟草配方组分开展太赫兹光谱特性分析和分类识别方法研究。对0.35～1.50 THz范围内3种烟丝的吸收系数谱和折射率谱进行分析,通过低方差滤波结合主成分分析（Principal Component Analysis,PCA）进行光谱特征提取和降维,分别建立针对吸收谱和折射谱的支持向量机（Support Vector Machine,SVM）分类模型、最邻近分类（K-Nearest Neighbor,KNN）模型和袋装树（Bagged trees）分类模型。结果表明,基于吸收系数谱的分类模型准确率最高,低方差滤波结合PCA的特征提取算法能显著提高分类效果,其中KNN模型准确率达到98.3%。对频域光谱使用连续投影算法（Successive Projections Algorithm,SPA）特征提取并结合SVM模型,分类准确率也在90%左右。研究表明太赫兹时域光谱技术可应用于不同烟草组分的分类判别,为太赫兹技术在烟草物料无损检测的应用提供参考。     

采用HHT算法与卷积神经网络诊断轴承复合故障

针对农业机械装备中滚动轴承复合故障特征提取与智能诊断问题,该文提出了一种将希尔伯特-黄变换的改进算法(improved hilbert-huang transform,IHHT)与卷积神经网络(convolution neural network,CNN)相结合的诊断方法。首先,通过多种群差分进化改进的集合经验模式分解(multiple population differential evolution-ensemble empirical mode decomposition,MPDE-EEMD)和敏感固有模态函数筛选方法来改进HHT,提取出故障信号时频特征。然后,在AlexNet网络模型基础上遍历所有可能的CNN模型组合,构建出适应于滚动轴承故障诊断的CNN网络模型。再将训练集生成的IHHT时频图输入CNN中进行学习,不断更新网络参数;并将该模型应用于测试集,输出故障识别结果。最后,通过滚动轴承单一故障和复合故障2种试验,将所提出的IHHT+CNN方法分别与传统的BP神经网络、DWT+CNN和STFT+CNN方法进行比较。研究表明,该文的IHHT+CNN方法对单一与复合故障的正确率分别达到100%和99.74%,均高于其他3种方法,实现了不同工况下端到端的轴承复合故障智能诊断,并具有较好的泛化能力和鲁棒性。     

基于改进型局部保持投影的作物生长特征优化方法

由于现有的用于农业作物生长监测数据的特征优化方法—局部保持投影(locality preserving projection,LPP)只保留局部信息,同时存在未考虑样本类别信息导致特征提取时误分类,准确率与数据优化效率并不理想。针对上述问题,提出了改进型LPP方法,并将其用于作物生长特征的优化。首先将样本利用二维主成分分析(two-dimensional principal component analysis,2DPCA)进行初步降维,保留原样本数据中的整体空间信息;然后提出优化的2类子图—聚集子图和分离子图,用来描述不同类别数据之间的关联信息;然后提出优化的2类子图对不同类别数据间的远近关系进行描述;最后采用改进型LPP算法,将数据进一步投影到低维空间,提取样本的局部信息,完成样本特征优化。试验分析表明,改进型LPP具有很好的适应性,最高支持向量机(support vector machine,SVM)分类准确率能够达到96%以上,使精度达到最高的最优维数比主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)和二维主成分分析2种算法降低了25%以上,同时算法运行效率比PCA与2DPCA算法提升32.4%与8.3%,整体性能比基本LPP算法更为优越,能够适应农作物多维数据的优化处理。研究结果为现代精准农业信息监测过程中的数据处理与分析提供了参考。     

基于改进主成分分析和AdaBoost算法的运动虾苗识别方法

针对虾行为量化过程中运动虾苗较难检测与识别的问题,该文以南美白对虾虾苗为例,提出了一种基于改进主成分分析(principal component analysis,PCA)+AdaBoost算法的运动虾苗自动识别方法。在室内自然光条件下,利用工业相机采集承装容器中虾苗的灰度图像。提取图像中大小为100×100像素的不同运动状态的虾苗图像,首先使用改进PCA算法进行主成分分析,并进行特征提取。根据特征参数的分布情况,对其进行归一化处理,利用归一化的特征构建多个弱分类器,利用Adaboost方法将弱分类器构建成强分类器。最后,利用强分类器对运动虾苗进行识别。试验结果表明,在150幅不同运动状态虾苗测试样本中,基于改进PCA+Adaboost方法的识别正确率98%,平均每个样本识别时间为0.027 898 s,满足行为量化中的自动识别要求。     

多特征融合的滚动轴承故障诊断

针对滚动轴承变工况条件下卷积神经网络在特征提取过程中无法充分提取全局特征信息的问题,该研究提出一种MSCNN-Swin滚动轴承故障诊断方法。首先,在数据处理模块中利用连续小波变换(continuous wavelet transform, CWT)将一维振动信号转化为二维时频图像,以保留原始信号的时频特性;然后,在局部感知模块中利用多尺度卷积神经网络(multiscale convolutional neural networks, MSCNN)对故障信息的局部特征进行提取,并使用卷积块注意模块(convolutional block attention module, CBAM)提取关键信息;进一步构建特征提取模块,引入残差连接提高前后特征信息的利用效率,通过SwinT网络(swin transformer)学习故障信息的全局特征;最后使用全局平均池化代替全连接层进行故障识别。使用美国凯斯西储大学轴承数据集与自制数据集进行试验验证,试验结果表明,本文方法在可视化试验中的故障识别准确率为99.67%,在变工况试验中的故障识别准确率为95.01%～99.66%,不同编码方式试验中的故障识别准确率为100%。在自制数据集中,故障诊断准确率达到99.18%。与CWT-LeNet5、CWT-VGG16、CWT-ResNet18和CWT-Swin相比,本文方法在变工况条件下的平均故障识别准确率分别提高8.79、8.64、3.49和3.18个百分点,在自制数据集中分别提高5.23、2.74、1.40和1.26个百分点。本文方法实现了变工况等复杂条件下滚动轴承不同故障状态的识别,能够充分提取轴承故障的全局特征信息,具有较高的故障诊断准确率和良好的泛化能力,可为变工况条件下的滚动轴承故障诊断提供参考。     

低氮和干旱胁迫对富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的影响

【目的】以富士（Fuji）、 秦冠（Qinguan）嫁接在平邑甜茶（Malus hupehensis Rehd.）上的当年生盆栽苗为试验材料,采用砂培方法,研究了缺氮胁迫和干旱对富士和秦冠生长情况、 光合参数、 植株各部位氮磷钾含量及氮素利用效率的影响,分析比较了低氮干旱条件下富士和秦冠生长及氮素利用的差异,以期为果树生产高效肥水利用提供理论指导。【方法】试验共设四个处理: 正常氮正常水（ZZ）、 低氮正常水（DZ）、 正常氮干旱（ZG）、 低氮干旱（DG）。氮素和水分均设置两个水平,分别为正常氮（6 mmol/L NO-3-N）、 低氮（0.3 mmol/LNO-3-N）、 正常供水（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的80%~85%）、 干旱处理（保持盆中砂子相对含水量为饱和含水量的60%~65%）。【结果】富士和秦冠的生物量（茎和叶）、 株高茎粗等生长指标以及光合速率、 气孔导度、 蒸腾速率均为正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）,并且相对应处理下秦冠的以上指标均高于富士;正常供水下,缺氮处理使富士、 秦冠的根冠比比正常氮处理均有所增加,富士提高了2.05%,秦冠提高了22.40%。富士和秦冠的氮、 磷、 钾含量均表现出正常氮正常水（ZZ）＞低氮正常水（DZ）＞正常氮干旱（ZG）＞低氮干旱（DG）; 氮、 钾元素含量在植株各部位的分布顺序依次是叶＞根＞茎,磷元素则是根＞叶＞茎;光合氮素利用效率（PNUE）和氮素利用效率表现为秦冠处理之间差异极显著,富士处理之间差异不显著;秦冠的PNUE和NUE明显高于富士,在低氮正常水（DZ）处理下,秦冠氮肥利用率比富士高42.07%,在低氮干旱（DG）处理下高64.14%;低氮胁迫下富士和秦冠的NUE显著提高,并且秦冠提高的幅度高于富士。【结论】施用氮肥能够显著提高富士与秦冠的干物质量,同等水肥条件下,秦冠生长优于富士;水分亏缺会减少叶片对氮的吸收,干旱条件下适度增施氮肥,可提高果树的抗旱能力;低氮干旱胁迫下秦冠的生长指标、 光合指标及氮素利用效率指标均优于富士,表现出较强的抗低氮干旱胁迫的能力。     

Biodiversity and ecogeography of wild Lactuca spp. in some European countries

Staff members of the Department of Botany of Palacký University in Olomouc and Gene Bank Department – Workplace Olomouc, Research Institute of Crop Production in Prague, Czech Republic, conducted an expedition in seven European countries (Austria, Czech Republic, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Switzerland) in August/September 1999 to collect wild Lactuca spp. germplasm and study its geographic distribution, ecology and biodiversity. During the mission, more than 600 locations were visited resulting in the collection of 602 seed samples (accessions) of wild Lactuca species and 13 seed samples of related genera (Chondrilla and Mycelis). Lactuca serriola f. serriola, L. serriola f. integrifolia, L. saligna and L. viminea subsp. chondrilliflora were prevalent in southern Europe (Italy, France), however, only L. serriola was common in central and western Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Germany, Netherlands, Switzerland). The greatest diversity of Lactuca species was found in France, where also the most seed samples (165) were collected. The most characteristic habitats with a high density of Lactuca spp. populations were observed along roads and highways, grassy ditches, ruderal communities, and dust-heaps. Natural infections by powdery mildew (Erysiphe cichoracearum) and downy mildew (Bremia lactucae) on some wild Lactuca spp. were observed. Recent observations concerning the geographic distribution, population structure, habitats, and natural occurrence of diseases of Lactuca spp. are discussed. This assemblage of genetic resources of Lactuca spp. can serve as the basis of future studies of species diversification, spatial population structure, plant microevolution, domestication processes, and genetic variability of host-parasite interactions.     

Pasture Vegetation Elemental Analysis by Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy

Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a new technique for the analysis of plant material. This study investigates the application of LIBS to pasture-based plant samples. The LIBS measurements were obtained from pelletized pasture samples (100 samples) that had been also analyzed by inductively coupled plasma–optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) following microwave digestion for calibration and comparison purposes. Comparisons for elements sodium (Na), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), boron (B), phosphorus (P), and sulfur (S) showed that LIBS could be used for almost all the standard profile total elements with concentrations down to low mg/kg levels (observed error of Na: 0.024 percent, K: 0.18 percent, Mg: 0.016 percent, Ca: 0.073 percent, P: 0.017 percent, Mn: 31 mg/kg, Fe: 150 mg/kg, Zn: 6.6 mg/kg, and B: 1.1 mg/kg). Elemental analysis at less than mg/kg levels was not possible using LIBS. The elements S and Cu were particularly difficult to analyze with reliability using LIBS at the concentration levels found in the plant samples. Replacing microwave digestion and subsequent ICP analysis with a direct analysis of dried plant samples using LIBS has the potential to improve the productivity and reduce the cost of testing.     

Properties of anaerobically digested and composted municipal solid waste assessed by linking soil mesofauna dynamics and nitrogen modelling

We have studied the effect of anaerobically digested (ADMSW) and composted municipal solid waste (CMSW) on mineralization and foodweb dynamics to verify the hypothesis that ADMSW would immobilize N right after addition to soil in contrast to addition with CMSW. Another hypothesis was that the mesofauna (enchytraeids and microarthropods) would stimulate N release from the decomposer community. We measured excretion of -N and urea-N from the mesofauna and hypothesized that enchytraeids would release urea. ADMSW and CMSW were amended to pots with sandy loam and barley. The pots were divided into treatments with or without mesofauna. Mesofauna, plant N and biomass, soil N and ergosterol (fungal biomass) were measured over a 113-day period of four equidistant samplings. Soil respiration, N mineralization and N release by the mesofauna were modelled from concurrent studies. ADMSW- and CMSW-treated soils initially (<20 days) immobilized N. The amendments did not increase plant growth substantially, and this was probably due to N-limitation in the early stages of plant growth. Enchytraeid abundance was about three times higher in ADMSW- than CMSW-treated soils, indicating that ADMSW contained more labile compounds, bacteria, and microfauna. The mesofauna did not affect N-content, but the cumulated -N excreted by the mesofauna was estimated to be substantial and about one-fifth of total plant N in ADMSW. An explanation for this discrepancy might be that in the absence of the mesofauna, other members of the detrivore and microbivore community performed the mesofauna’s function. Neither enchytraeids nor microarthropods excreted urea.     

Faculty positions: Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences

正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,     

Faculty positions: Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences

正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,     

Faculty positions:Center for Agricultural Resources Research,Chinese Academy of Sciences

正The Center for Agricultural Resources Research(CARR),the Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology(IGDB),Chinese Academy of Sciences,invites applicants for several research group leader positions.CARR is one of the research organizations in Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS).We seek nominations and applications from individuals who have expertise and a record of accomplishment in research areas related to ecology,agro-hydrology,     

Assessing the effectiveness of conservation measures: Resolving the “wicked” problem of the Steller sea lion

“Wicked” problems are those that are complex and that change when solutions are applied. Many conflicts in conservation fall into this category. The study approached the problem of how to constrain the apparent wickedness of a problem in the conservation management of a species by using simple empirical indicators to carry out iterative assessment of the risk to a population and to document how this risk evolves in relation to the addition of new data and the implementation of management actions. Effects of high levels of uncertainty within data and also concerning population structure were examined through stochastic simulation and by exploration of scenarios. Historical trends in the example used, the Steller sea lion, showed rapid declines in abundance in some regions during the 1980s. The current total population is 130,000-150,000 Steller sea lions through Alaska and British Columbia and this number has been stable since about 1990 in spite of regional differences in population dynamics. Regional differences in the sequence of changes in the number of pups and non-pups, suggested that an internal re-distribution of juveniles could have happened between 1980 and 1990. Current productivity also appears close to the long-term mean. Stochastic population projection using various scenarios showed that, based upon this history, the risk of extinction for the population has declined and is below reasonable thresholds for considering the population to be endangered. The trends in risk suggest that management actions taken since 1990 have probably been effective. Consequently, the conservation management objectives for the Steller sea lion are probably being met. The approach provides a mechanism, based upon experience and scenario analysis, for exploring future policy options and may help to constrain the debate amongst stakeholders about the cost-benefit trade-offs associated with different options.     

Soil-profile distribution of primary and secondary plant-available nutrients under conventional and no tillage

Nutrient distributions under no tillage (NT) compared with conventional disk-and-bed tillage (CT) management in the warm, humid region of the southeastern USA need to be assessed so that future placement, quantity, and type of fertilizers can be altered, if necessary, to efficiently match crop demands. We determined soil-profile distributions of pH, N, P, S, K, Ca, Mg, Na, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu to a depth of 0.9 m at the end of 8.5 years of continuous CT and NT management on a Weswood silty clay loam (fine, mixed, thermic Fluventic Ustochrept) in southcentral Texas. Most dramatic changes occurred within the 0–0.05 m depth, where soil under NT had lower pH, Fe, and Cu than under CT, but greater P, K, Zn, and Mn. Greater P and K under NT than under CT also occurred below the till-zone (0.15–0.3 m). At a depth of 0–0.3 m, soil under NT contained greater amounts of extractable P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu than under CT. Nitrogen fertilization had little effect on nutrient distributions, except resulting in greater extractable K at 0–0.05 m and greater nitrate at 0–0.15 m. Few changes in soil-profile distributions were observed for extractable S, Ca, Mg, and Na. Long-term continuous use of NT on this fine-textured, high-fertility (except for N) soil had no apparent adverse effects on nutrient distributions relative to CT, but enhanced conservation and availability of P, K, Zn, Fe, Mn, and Cu near the soil surface where crop roots proliferate.     

Macroinvertebrates in North American tallgrass prairie soils: effects of fire, mowing, and fertilization on density and biomass

The responses of tallgrass prairie plant communities and ecosystem processes to fire and grazing are well characterized. However, responses of invertebrate consumer groups, and particularly soil-dwelling organisms, to these disturbances are not well known. At Konza Prairie Biological Station, we sampled soil macroinvertebrates in 1994 and 1999 as part of a long-term experiment designed to examine the effects and interactions of annual fire, mowing, and fertilization (N and P) on prairie soil communities and processes. For nearly all taxa, in both years, responses were characterized by significant treatment interactions, but some general patterns were evident. Introduced European earthworms (Aporrectodea spp. and Octolasion spp.) were most abundant in plots where fire was excluded, and the proportion of the total earthworm community consisting of introduced earthworms was greater in unburned, unmowed, and fertilized plots. Nymphs of two Cicada genera were collected (Cicadetta spp. and Tibicen spp.). Cicadetta nymphs were more abundant in burned plots, but mowing reduced their abundance. Tibicen nymphs were collected almost exclusively from unburned plots. Treatment effects on herbivorous beetle larvae (Scarabaeidae, Elateridae, and Curculionidae) were variable, but nutrient additions (N or P) usually resulted in greater densities, whereas mowing usually resulted in lower densities. Our results suggest that departures from historical disturbance regimes (i.e. frequent fire and grazing) may render soils more susceptible to increased numbers of European earthworms, and that interactions between fire, aboveground biomass removal, and vegetation responses affect the structure and composition of invertebrate communities in tallgrass prairie soils.